The effect of oak tannin (Quercus robur) and hops (Humulus lupulus) on dietary nitrogen efficiency, methane emission, and milk fatty acid composition of dairy cows fed a low-protein diet including linseed
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The objective of this study was to test the effects of inclusion of hop pellets (HP) and oak tannin extracts (OT) alone or in combination on N efficiency, methane (CH 4 ) emission, and milk production and composition in 2 experiments with dairy cows fed low-N rations supplemented with linseed. In both experiments, 6 lactating Holstein cows were assigned to 3 dietary treatments in a 3 × 3 duplicated Latin square design (21-d periods). Cows were fed a total mixed ration at a restricted level to meet their nutrient requirements. In experiment 1, 169 g dry matter (DM) of OT or 56 g DM of HP was included separately in the control diet (C1). In experiment 2, the additives were included together (OT-HP) in the control diet (C2) similar to C1. Diet C2 was compared with a control without linseed (C0). In experiment 1, the supplementation of the control diet with OT decreased urinary N excretion by 12%. In experiment 2, the combination of OT and HP decreased urinary N by 7%. Oak tannin extracts and HP alone or in combination did not influence the daily enteric CH 4 production of cows. Cows fed diet C0 produced 17% more enteric CH 4 daily than those fed diet C2. Intake of diet C2, which contained 6.7% extruded linseed on a DM basis (experiment 2), decreased the sum of 6:0 to 14:0 fatty acids (−16%) and palmitic acid (−26%) and increased the stearic acid (+50%), oleic acid (+36%), vaccenic acid ( trans- 11 18:1; +285%), rumenic acid ( cis- 9, trans- 11 18:2; +235%), and α-linolenic acid (+100%) in milk fat. The supplementation of diet C2 with the OT-HP mixture further improved the milk's fatty acid composition. Intake of the OT alone increased α-linolenic acid by 17.7% (experiment 1). The results of this study show that at the economically acceptable dose we tested, hops had no effect on urinary N excretion, CH 4 emission, milk production, and milk composition. By contrast, supplementation of diets with oak tannin extract can be considered for reducing urinary N excretion. The combination of oak tannin and hops had no more effect than oak tannin alone except on the milk fatty acid profile, which was favorably influenced from a nutritional point of view.
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Dietary supplementation of oak tannin reduces urinary N excretion by 12% and increases α-linolenic acid content in milk by 17.7% without affecting CH4 production.
“Dietary supplementation of oak tannin has also been shown to reduce the urinary N excretion by 12% while increasing α-linolenic acid content in milk by 17.7% without affecting CH4 production (190).”
From Phytogenic Additives Can Modulate Rumen Microbiome to Mediate Fermentation Kinetics and Methanogenesis Through Exploiting Diet–Microbe Interaction (2020) · cites this paper as [190]
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Hassan, F.-U., Arshad, M. A., Ebeid, H. M., Rehman, M. S.-U., Khan, M. S., Shahid, S., & Yang, C. (2020) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.575801 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
- Authors
- Focant, M., Froidmont, E., Archambeau, Q., Dang Van, Q. C., & Larondelle, Y.
- Affiliations
- UCLouvain (BE)
- ORCID
- Larondelle, Y.
- Venue
- Journal of Dairy Science
- Publisher
- American Dairy Science Association
- Published
- 2019-02
- Volume
- 102
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 1144-1159
- ISSN
- 0022-0302 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2906500227
- Cited by
- 52
- References
- 87
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 5.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Dairy Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DIAL (Catholic University of Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Waalse Gewest
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Milk Quality and Mastitis in Dairy Cows
- Keywords
- oak tannins, Quercus robur, Humulus lupulus, urinary nitrogen excretion, enteric methane, milk fatty acid composition, flaxseed, low-protein diet, dairy cattle, alpha-linolenic acid, vaccenic acid, rumenic acid, milk production, feed additives, Holstein cows, rumen fermentation
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cattle, Diet, Fatty Acids, Female, Fermentation, Lactation, Linseed Oil, Methane, Milk, Nitrogen, Plant Extracts, Tannins, Diet, Protein-Restricted, Dietary Supplements, Flax, Humulus, Quercus
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