Cognitive impairment as a risk factor for psychosis
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Since the time of Kraepelin and Bleuler, it has been recognized that schizophrenia is associated with a profound and persistent cognitive impairment. This paper reviews the major clinical and epidemiological studies of cognitive functioning in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, and presents several possible models to explain the association between cognitive impairment and psychosis. Cognitive impairment is present in the majority of patients with schizophrenia, and, in some, it is already evident in the premorbid stages of the disorder. This cognitive impairment is not secondary to psychotic symptoms, negative symptoms, or socioeconomic status. Cognitive impairment can also be observed in nonpsychotic family members of psychotic patients. On the basis of this evidence, it has been proposed that abnormal cognitive functioning can be considered as a possible causal risk factor for psychosis. Recent studies assessing the relationship between genetic background, cognition, brain function, and schizophrenia are presented here as an outline for future research.
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Both side effects of medication and cognitive impairments in attention and memory affected participants' ability to concentrate and remember details of the scenarios.
“Both the side effects of medication and cognitive impairments in attention and memory (evident in patients with psychosis [32, 33]), also affected the ability to concentrate and remember details of the scenarios.”
From A qualitative study of the acceptability of cognitive bias modification for paranoia (CBM-pa) in patients with psychosis (2019) · cites this paper as [32]
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ARTICLE Early intervention in psychosis: clinical aspects of treatment †
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- Authors
- Reichenberg, A.
- Affiliations
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Reichenberg, Abraham
- ORCID
- Reichenberg, Abraham
- Venue
- Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2005-03-31
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-38
- ISSN
- 1294-8322 (ISSN-L)
- 1958-5969
- PMC
- PMC3181720
- OpenAlex
- W2125459829
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 1.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- cognitive impairment, psychosis, schizophrenia, risk factors, negative symptoms, genetic background, brain function
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Cognition Disorders, Humans, Psychotic Disorders, Risk Factors
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