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Cited by 3Radiation Dose and ImagingAdvanced Radiotherapy TechniquesRadiology practices and education

Diagnostic reference levels in spinal CT: Jordanian assessments and global benchmarks

Rawashdeh, Mohammad, Bani Yaseen, Abdel-Baset, McEntee, Mark, England, Andrew, Kumar, Praveen, Saade, Charbel·2024·Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology: Clinical Applications of Diagnosis and Therapeutics
DOI 10.3233/xst-230276
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: To reduce radiation dose and subsequent risks, several legislative documents in different countries describe the need for Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs). Spinal radiography is a common and high-dose examination. Therefore, the aim of this work was to establish the DRL for Computed Tomography (CT) examinations of the spine in healthcare institutions across Jordan. METHODS: Data was retrieved from the picture archiving and communications system (PACS), which included the CT Dose Index (CTDI (vol) ) and Dose Length Product (DLP). The median radiation dose values of the dosimetric indices were calculated for each site. DRL values were defined as the 75th percentile distribution of the median CTDI (vol) and DLP values. RESULTS: Data was collected from 659 CT examinations (316 cervical spine and 343 lumbar-sacral spine). Of the participants, 68% were males, and the patients’ mean weight was 69.7 kg (minimum = 60; maximum = 80, SD = 8.9). The 75th percentile for the DLP of cervical and LS-spine CT scans in Jordan were 565.2 and 967.7 mGy.cm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This research demonstrates a wide range of variability in CTDI (vol) and DLP values for spinal CT examinations; these variations were associated with the acquisition protocol and highlight the need to optimize radiation dose in spinal CT examinations.

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  • In Jordan, an increasing emphasis on radiation protection and quality assurance in medical imaging has initiated endeavors to create and revise national CT diagnostic reference levels (DRLs).

    “In Jordan, an increasing emphasis on radiation protection and quality assurance in medical imaging has initiated endeavors to create and revise national CT diagnostic reference levels (DRLs).6–8”

    From Computed Tomography Diagnostic Reference Levels Worldwide and in Jordan: Implications for Patient Dose Reduction (2026) · cites this paper as [7]

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Authors
Rawashdeh, M., Bani Yaseen, A.-B., McEntee, M., England, A., Kumar, P., & Saade, C.
Affiliations
  • Jordan University of Science and Technology (JO)
  • Faculty of Health, School of Clinical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
  • University College Cork (IE)
  • Gulf Medical University (AE)
Corresponding author
Rawashdeh, Mohammad
ORCID
Venue
Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology: Clinical Applications of Diagnosis and Therapeutics
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2024-01-03
Volume
32
Issue
3
Pages
725-734
ISSN
  • 0895-3996 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9114
DOI
10.3233/xst-230276
OpenAlex
W4390618504
Cited by
3
References
22
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1
FWCI
0.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of X-Ray Science and Technology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiation Dose and Imaging
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Radiation › Advanced Radiotherapy Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Radiology practices and education
Keywords
diagnostic reference levels, spinal CT, radiation dose, CT dose index, dose-length product, cervical spine, lumbosacral spine, dose optimization, Jordan
MeSH terms
Diagnostic Reference Levels, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Female, Humans, Jordan, Male, Middle Aged, Radiation Dosage, Spine, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Benchmarking, Young Adult

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