The changing face of the Arctic: four decades of greening and implications for tundra ecosystems

Red and photographic infrared linear combinations for monitoring vegetation

Tucker, C. J. (1979) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/0034-4257(79)90013-0 · Cited by 12,395

Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS vegetation indices

HUETE, A. R., Didan, K., Miura, T., Rodriguez, E. P., Gao, X., & Ferreira, L. G. (2002) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/s0034-4257(02)00096-2 · Cited by 9,954

Adult sibling experience, roles, relationshhips and future concerns - a review of the literature in learning disabilities

(1996) · Institutional Research Information System University of Turin (University of Turin) · doi:10.1111/j · Cited by 5,486

Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991

Myneni, R. B., Keeling, C. D., Tucker, C. J., Asrar, G., & Nemani, R. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386698a0 · Cited by 3,448

The Arctic has warmed nearly four times faster than the globe since 1979

Rantanen, M., Karpechko, A. Y., Lipponen, A., Nordling, K., Hyvärinen, O., Ruosteenoja, K., Vihma, T., & Laaksonen, A. (2022) · Communications Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43247-022-00498-3 · Cited by 3,317

Processes and impacts of Arctic amplification: A research synthesis

Serreze, M. C., & Barry, R. G. (2011) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2011.03.004 · Cited by 2,752

Development of a two-band enhanced vegetation index without a blue band

JIANG, Z., HUETE, A. R., Didan, K., & MIURA, T. (2008) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2008.06.006 · Cited by 2,198

Permafrost is warming at a global scale

Biskaborn, B. K., Smith, S. L., Noetzli, J., Matthes, H., Vieira, G. T., Streletskiy, D. A., Schoeneich, P., Romanovsky, V. E., Lewkowicz, A. G., Abramov, A., et al. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-08240-4 · Cited by 2,079

A commentary review on the use of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the era of popular remote sensing

Huang, S., Tang, L., Hupy, J. P., Wang, Y., & Shao, G. (2020) · Journal of Forestry Research · doi:10.1007/s11676-020-01155-1 · Cited by 1,673

Variations in northern vegetation activity inferred from satellite data of vegetation index during 1981 to 1999

Zhou, L., Tucker, C. J., Kaufmann, R. K., Slayback, D. A., Shabanov, N. V., & Myneni, R. B. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2000jd000115 · Cited by 1,551

Shrub expansion in tundra ecosystems: dynamics, impacts and research priorities

Myers-Smith, I. H., Forbes, B. C., Wilmking, M., Hallinger, M., Lantz, T., Blok, D., Tape, K. D., Macias-Fauria, M., Sass-Klaassen, U., Lévesque, E., et al. (2011) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045509 · Cited by 1,485

Satellite remote sensing of primary production

Tucker, C., & Sellers, P. (1986) · International Journal of Remote Sensing · doi:10.1080/01431168608948944 · Cited by 1,450

Responses of Arctic Tundra to Experimental and Observed Changes in Climate

Chapin, F. S., Shaver, G. R., Giblin, A. E., Nadelhoffer, K. J., & Laundre, J. A. (1995) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1939337 · Cited by 1,411

Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic

Sturm, M., Racine, C., & Tape, K. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35079180 · Cited by 1,349

The evidence for shrub expansion in Northern Alaska and the Pan‐Arctic

Tape, K. D., Sturm, M., & Racine, C. H. (2006) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01128.x · Cited by 1,321

A Non-Stationary 1981–2012 AVHRR NDVI3g Time Series

Pinzón, J. E. D., & Tucker, C. (2014) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs6086929 · Cited by 1,195

The Circumpolar Arctic vegetation map

Walker, D. A., Raynolds, M. K., Daniëls, F. J. A., Einarsson, E., Elvebakk, A., Gould, W. A., Katenin, A. E., Kholod, S. S., Markon, C. J., Melnikov, E. S., et al. (2005) · Journal of Vegetation Science · doi:10.1111/j.1654-1103.2005.tb02365.x · Cited by 1,131

Analysis of the phenology of global vegetation using meteorological satellite data

Justice, C., Townshend, J. R. G., HOLBEN, B. N., & Tucker, C. J. (1985) · International Journal of Remote Sensing · doi:10.1080/01431168508948281 · Cited by 1,108

Canopy near-infrared reflectance and terrestrial photosynthesis

Badgley, G., Field, C. B., & Berry, J. A. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1602244 · Cited by 1,098

African Land-Cover Classification Using Satellite Data

Tucker, C. J., TOWNSHEND, J. R. G., & Goff, T. E. (1985) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.227.4685.369 · Cited by 1,055

Disappearing Arctic Lakes

Smith, L. C., Sheng, Y., MacDonald, G. M. S. D., & Hinzman, L. D. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1108142 · Cited by 1,004

Carbon release through abrupt permafrost thaw

Turetsky, M. R., Abbott, B. W., Jones, M. C., Anthony, K. W., Olefeldt, D., Schuur, E. A. G., Grosse, G., Kuhry, P., Hugelius, G., Koven, C. D., et al. (2020) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-019-0526-0 · Cited by 990

Global assessment of experimental climate warming on tundra vegetation: heterogeneity over space and time

Elmendorf, S. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Björk, R. G., Bjorkman, A. D., Callaghan, T. V., Collier, L. S., Cooper, E. J., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Day, T. A., et al. (2011) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01716.x · Cited by 981

Plot-scale evidence of tundra vegetation change and links to recent summer warming

Elmendorf, S. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Björk, R. G., Boulanger‐Lapointe, N., Cooper, E. J., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Day, T. A., Dorrepaal, E., Elumeeva, T. G., et al. (2012) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1465 · Cited by 980

Complexity revealed in the greening of the Arctic

Myers‐Smith, I. H., Kerby, J. T., Phoenix, G. K., Bjerke, J. W., Epstein, H. E., Assmann, J. J., John, C., Andreu‐Hayles, L., Angers‐Blondin, S., Beck, P. S. A., et al. (2020) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0688-1 · Cited by 934

Circum-Arctic map of permafrost and ground-ice conditions

Brown, J., Ferrians, O. J., Heginbottom, J. A., & Melnikov, E. S. (1997) · doi:10.3133/cp45 · Cited by 894

Optical vegetation indices for monitoring terrestrial ecosystems globally

Zeng, Y., Hao, D., HUETE, A. R., Dechant, B., Berry, J., Chen, J. M., Joiner, J., Frankenberg, C., Bond‐Lamberty, B., Ryu, Y., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-022-00298-5 · Cited by 885

Abrupt increase in permafrost degradation in Arctic Alaska

Jorgenson, M. T., Shur, Y. L., & Pullman, E. R. (2006) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2005gl024960 · Cited by 865

Pan-Arctic ice-wedge degradation in warming permafrost and its influence on tundra hydrology

Liljedahl, A., Boike, J., Daanen, R. P., Fedorov, A. N., Frost, G. V., Grosse, G., Hinzman, L. D., Iijma, Y., Jorgenson, J. C., Matveyeva, N., et al. (2016) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/ngeo2674 · Cited by 793

Plant functional trait change across a warming tundra biome

Bjorkman, A. D., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Normand, S., Rüger, N., Beck, P. S. A., Blach‐Overgaard, A., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., et al. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0563-7 · Cited by 745

Climatic Control of the High-Latitude Vegetation Greening Trend and Pinatubo Effect

Lucht, W., Prentice, I. C., Myneni, R. B., Sitch, S. A., Friedlingstein, P., Crämer, W., Bousquet, P., Wolfgang Buermann, A., & Smith, B. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1071828 · Cited by 729

Recent Warming Reverses Long-Term Arctic Cooling

Kaufman, D. S., Schneider, D. P., McKay, N. P., Ammann, C. M., Bradley, R. S., Briffa, K. R., Miller, G. H., Otto‐Bliesner, B. L., Overpeck, J. T., Vinther, B. M., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1173983 · Cited by 675

Climate sensitivity of shrub growth across the tundra biome

Myers‐Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Beck, P. S. A., Wilmking, M., Hallinger, M., Blok, D., Tape, K. D., Rayback, S. A., Macias‐Fauria, M., Forbes, B. C., et al. (2015) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2697 · Cited by 642

Temperature and vegetation seasonality diminishment over northern lands

Xu, L., Myneni, R. B., Chapin, F. S., Callaghan, T. V., Pinzón, J. E. D., Tucker, C., Zhu, Z., Bi, J., Ciais, P., Tømmervik, H., et al. (2013) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1836 · Cited by 623

When will the summer Arctic be nearly sea ice free?

Overland, J. E., & Wang, M. (2013) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1002/grl.50316 · Cited by 598

Trends in the sea ice cover using enhanced and compatible AMSR‐E, SSM/I, and SMMR data

Comiso, J. C., & Nishio, F. (2008) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2007jc004257 · Cited by 548

Permafrost carbon emissions in a changing Arctic

Miner, K. R., Turetsky, M. R., Malina, E., Bartsch, A., Tamminen, J., McGUIRE, A. D., Fix, A. R., Sweeney, C., Elder, C. D., & Miller, C. E. (2022) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-021-00230-3 · Cited by 544

Russian Arctic warming and ‘greening’ are closely tracked by tundra shrub willows

Forbes, B. C., Macias‐Fauria, M., & Zetterberg, P. (2009) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02047.x · Cited by 521

Extremes of summer climate trigger thousands of thermokarst landslides in a High Arctic environment

Lewkowicz, A. G., & Way, R. G. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-019-09314-7 · Cited by 483

Summer warming explains widespread but not uniform greening in the Arctic tundra biome

Berner, L. T., Massey, R., Jantz, P. A., Forbes, B. C., Macias‐Fauria, M., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Kumpula, T., Gauthier, G., Andreu‐Hayles, L., Gaglioti, B. V., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-18479-5 · Cited by 483

Permafrost and Climate Change: Carbon Cycle Feedbacks From the Warming Arctic

Schuur, E. A. G., Abbott, B. W., Commane, R., Ernakovich, J. G., Euskirchen, E. S., Hugelius, G., Grosse, G., Jones, M. C., Koven, C. D., Leshyk, V. O., et al. (2022) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev-environ-012220-011847 · Cited by 460

Circumpolar Arctic Tundra Vegetation Change Is Linked to Sea Ice Decline

Bhatt, U. S., Walker, D. A., Raynolds, M. K., Comiso, J. C., Epstein, H. E., Jia, G., Gens, R., Pinzón, J. E. D., Tucker, C. J., Tweedie, C. E., et al. (2010) · Earth Interactions · doi:10.1175/2010ei315.1 · Cited by 390

Modern thermokarst lake dynamics in the continuous permafrost zone, northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska

Jones, B. M., Grosse, G., Arp, C. D., Jones, M. C., Anthony, K. W., & Romanovsky, V. E. (2011) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2011jg001666 · Cited by 386

Changes in growing season duration and productivity of northern vegetation inferred from long-term remote sensing data

Park, T., Ganguly, S., Tømmervik, H., Euskirchen, E. S., Høgda, K., Karlsen, S. R., Brovkin, V. A., Nemani, R., & Myneni, R. B. (2016) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/8/084001 · Cited by 368

Greening of arctic Alaska, 1981–2001

Jia, G., Epstein, H. E., & Walker, D. A. (2003) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2003gl018268 · Cited by 365

Tundra vegetation change and impacts on permafrost

Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Magnússon, R. Í., Lara, M. J., Frost, G. V., Myers‐Smith, I. H., van Huissteden, J., Jorgenson, M. T., Fedorov, A. N., Epstein, H. E., Lawrence, D. M., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-021-00233-0 · Cited by 361

Global evaluation of four AVHRR–NDVI data sets: Intercomparison and assessment against Landsat imagery

Beck, H. E., McVicar, T. R., van Dijk, A. I. J. M., Schellekens, J., de Jeu, R., & Bruijnzeel, L. A. (2011) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2011.05.012 · Cited by 350

Remote sensing quantifies widespread abundance of permafrost region disturbances across the Arctic and Subarctic

Nitze, I., Grosse, G., Jones, B. M., Romanovsky, V. E., & Boike, J. (2018) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07663-3 · Cited by 339

Climate Change Drives Widespread and Rapid Thermokarst Development in Very Cold Permafrost in the Canadian High Arctic

Farquharson, L., Romanovsky, V. E., Cable, W., Walker, D. A., Kokelj, S. V., & Nicolsky, D. J. (2019) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2019gl082187 · Cited by 331

Vegetation productivity patterns at high northern latitudes: a multi‐sensor satellite data assessment

Guay, K. C., Beck, P. S. A., Berner, L. T., Goetz, S. J., Baccini, A., & Buermann, W. (2014) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12647 · Cited by 309

Greening of the land surface in the world’s cold regions consistent with recent warming

Keenan, T. F., & Riley, W. J. (2018) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-018-0258-y · Cited by 309

Tall shrub and tree expansion in Siberian tundra ecotones since the 1960s

Frost, G. V., & Epstein, H. E. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12406 · Cited by 295

Relationship between satellite-derived land surface temperatures, arctic vegetation types, and NDVI

Raynolds, M. K., Comiso, J. C., WALKER, D., & Verbyla, D. L. (2007) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2007.09.008 · Cited by 266

Reviews and syntheses: Changing ecosystem influences on soil thermal regimes in northern high-latitude permafrost regions

Loranty, M. M., Abbott, B. W., Blok, D., Douglas, T. A., Epstein, H. E., Forbes, B. C., Jones, B. M., Kholodov, A., Kropp, H., Malhotra, A., et al. (2018) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-15-5287-2018 · Cited by 266

A model of Greenland ice sheet deglaciation constrained by observations of relative sea level and ice extent

Lecavalier, B. S., Milne, G. A., Simpson, M. J. R., Wake, L., Huybrechts, P., Tarasov, L., Kjeldsen, K. K., Funder, S., Long, A. J., Woodroffe, S., et al. (2014) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.07.018 · Cited by 266

Exceptional warming over the Barents area

Isaksen, K., Nordli, Ø., Иванов, Б. В., Køltzow, M., Aaboe, S., Gjelten, H. M., Mezghani, A., Eastwood, S., Førland, E. J., Benestad, R. E., et al. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-13568-5 · Cited by 259

Increased plant biomass in a High Arctic heath community from 1981 to 2008

Hudson, J. M., & Henry, G. H. R. (2009) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/09-0102.1 · Cited by 251

Arctic browning: extreme events and trends reversing arctic greening

Phoenix, G. K., & Bjerke, J. W. (2016) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13261 · Cited by 251

GlobSnow v3.0 Northern Hemisphere snow water equivalent dataset

Luojus, K., Pulliainen, J. T., Takala, M., Lemmetyinen, J., Mortimer, C., Derksen, C., Mudryk, L. R., Moisander, M., Hiltunen, M., Smolander, T., et al. (2021) · Scientific Data · doi:10.1038/s41597-021-00939-2 · Cited by 250

A raster version of the Circumpolar Arctic Vegetation Map (CAVM)

Raynolds, M. K., Walker, D. A., Balser, A., Bay, C., Campbell, M., Cherosov, M. M., Daniëls, F. J. A., Eidesen, P. B., Ermokhina, K. A., Frost, G. V., et al. (2019) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2019.111297 · Cited by 247

Landscape Heterogeneity of Shrub Expansion in Arctic Alaska

Tape, K. D., Hallinger, M., Welker, J. M., & Ruess, R. W. (2012) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-012-9540-4 · Cited by 241

Arctic tundra fires: natural variability and responses to climate change

Hu, F. S., Higuera, P. E., Duffy, P. A., Chipman, M. L., Rocha, A. V., Young, A. M., Kelly, R., & Dietze, M. C. (2015) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1890/150063 · Cited by 234

Status and trends in Arctic vegetation: Evidence from experimental warming and long-term monitoring

Bjorkman, A. D., García Criado, M., Myers-Smith, I. H., Ravolainen, V., Jónsdóttir, I. S., Westergaard, K. B., Lawler, J. P., Aronsson, M., Bennett, B., Gardfjell, H., et al. (2020) · Ambio · doi:10.1007/s13280-019-01161-6 · Cited by 230

Recent Declines in Warming and Vegetation Greening Trends over Pan-Arctic Tundra

Bhatt, U. S., Walker, D. A., Raynolds, M. K., Bieniek, P. A., Epstein, H. E., Comiso, J. C., Pinzón, J. E. D., Tucker, C., & Polyakov, I. V. (2013) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs5094229 · Cited by 226

Drivers, dynamics and impacts of changing Arctic coasts

Irrgang, A., Bendixen, M., Farquharson, L., Baranskaya, A., Erikson, L., Gibbs, A. E., Ogorodov, S., Overduin, P. P., Lantuit, H., Grigoriev, M. N., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-021-00232-1 · Cited by 225

Nitrogen availability increases in a tundra ecosystem during five years of experimental permafrost thaw

Salmon, V. G., Soucy, P., Mauritz, M., Celis, G., Natali, S. M., Mack, M. C., & Schuur, E. A. G. (2015) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13204 · Cited by 224

Warming-Induced Shrub Expansion and Lichen Decline in the Western Canadian Arctic

Fraser, R. H., Lantz, T. C., Olthof, I., Kokelj, S. V., & Sims, R. A. (2014) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-014-9783-3 · Cited by 223

Recent trends and remaining challenges for optical remote sensing of Arctic tundra vegetation: A review and outlook

Beamish, A., Raynolds, M. K., Epstein, H. E., Frost, G. V., Macander, M. J., Bergstedt, H., Bartsch, A., Kruse, S., Miles, V., Taniş, C. M., et al. (2020) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2020.111872 · Cited by 223

Cumulative geoecological effects of 62 years of infrastructure and climate change in ice‐rich permafrost landscapes, Prudhoe Bay Oilfield, Alaska

Raynolds, M. K., Walker, D. A., Ambrosius, K. J., Brown, J. E., Everett, K. R., Kanevskiy, M., Kofinas, G. P., Romanovsky, V. E., Shur, Y. L., & Webber, P. J. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12500 · Cited by 212

Sea ice, rain-on-snow and tundra reindeer nomadism in Arctic Russia

Forbes, B. C., Kumpula, T., Meschtyb, N. A., Laptander, R., Macias‐Fauria, M., Zetterberg, P., Verdonen, M., Skarin, A., Kim, K., Boisvert, L. N., et al. (2016) · Biology Letters · doi:10.1098/rsbl.2016.0466 · Cited by 201

Relative impacts of disturbance and temperature: persistent changes in microenvironment and vegetation in retrogressive thaw slumps

Lantz, T. C., Kokelj, S. V., Gergel, S. E., & Henry, G. H. R. (2009) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01917.x · Cited by 200

Advantages of a two band EVI calculated from solar and photosynthetically active radiation fluxes

Rocha, A. V., & Shaver, G. R. (2009) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2009.03.016 · Cited by 200

Eighteen years of ecological monitoring reveals multiple lines of evidence for tundra vegetation change

Myers‐Smith, I. H., Grabowski, M. M., Thomas, H. J. D., Angers‐Blondin, S., Daskalova, G. N., Bjorkman, A. D., Cunliffe, A. M., Assmann, J. J., Boyle, J. S., McLeod, E., et al. (2019) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.1002/ecm.1351 · Cited by 191

Reconciling records of ice streaming and ice margin retreat to produce a palaeogeographic reconstruction of the deglaciation of the Laurentide Ice Sheet

Margold, M., Stokes, C. R., & Clark, C. D. (2018) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2018.03.013 · Cited by 182

Phytomass, LAI, and NDVI in northern Alaska: Relationships to summer warmth, soil pH, plant functional types, and extrapolation to the circumpolar Arctic

Walker, D. A., Epstein, H. E., Jia, G., Balser, A. W., Copass, C., Edwards, E. J., Gould, W. A., Hollingsworth, J., Knudson, J. A., Maier, H. A., et al. (2003) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2001jd000986 · Cited by 180

The response of Arctic vegetation to the summer climate: relation between shrub cover, NDVI, surface albedo and temperature

Blok, D., Schaepman-Strub, G., Bartholomeus, H., Heijmans, M., Maximov, T., & Berendse, F. (2011) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/3/035502 · Cited by 179

Fluctuating Atlantic inflows modulate Arctic atlantification

Polyakov, I. V., Ingvaldsen, R. B., Pnyushkov, A. V., Bhatt, U. S., Francis, J. A., Janout, M. A., Kwok, R., & Skagseth, Ø. (2023) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.adh5158 · Cited by 175

Dwelling in the deep – strongly increased root growth and rooting depth enhance plant interactions with thawing permafrost soil

Blume‐Werry, G., Milbau, A., Teuber, L. M., Johansson, M., & Dorrepaal, E. (2019) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/nph.15903 · Cited by 173

Patchy field sampling biases understanding of climate change impacts across the Arctic

Metcalfe, D. B., Hermans, T. D. G., Ahlstrand, J., Becker, M., Berggren, M., Björk, R. G., Björkman, M. P., Blok, D., Chaudhary, N., Chisholm, C. L., et al. (2018) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0612-5 · Cited by 171

Spatial and temporal variation in primary productivity (NDVI) of coastal Alaskan tundra: Decreased vegetation growth following earlier snowmelt

Gamon, J. A., Huemmrich, K. F., Stone, R. S., & Tweedie, C. E. (2012) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2012.10.030 · Cited by 166

Reduced arctic tundra productivity linked with landform and climate change interactions

Lara, M. J., Nitze, I., Grosse, G., Martin, P., & McGUIRE, A. D. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20692-8 · Cited by 163

Changes in Winter Warming Events in the Nordic Arctic Region

Vikhamar-Schuler, D., Isaksen, K., Haugen, J. E., Tømmervik, H., Luks, B., Schuler, T. V., & Bjerke, J. W. (2016) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-15-0763.1 · Cited by 161

Decrease of lichens in Arctic ecosystems: the role of wildfire, caribou, reindeer, competition and climate in north-western Alaska

Joly, K., Jandt, R. R., & Klein, D. R. (2009) · Polar Research · doi:10.1111/j.1751-8369.2009.00113.x · Cited by 160

Plant response to climate change along the forest‐tundra ecotone in northeastern Siberia

Berner, L. T., Beck, P. S. A., Bunn, A. G., & Goetz, S. J. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12304 · Cited by 158

A new estimate of tundra-biome phytomass from trans-Arctic field data and AVHRR NDVI

Raynolds, M. K., Walker, D. A., Epstein, H. E., Pinzón, J. E. D., & Tucker, C. J. (2011) · Remote Sensing Letters · doi:10.1080/01431161.2011.609188 · Cited by 158

Role of ground ice dynamics and ecological feedbacks in recent ice wedge degradation and stabilization

Jorgenson, M. T., Kanevskiy, M., Shur, Y., Moskalenko, N., Brown, D. R. N., Wickland, K. P., Striegl, R. G., & Koch, J. C. (2015) · Journal of Geophysical Research Earth Surface · doi:10.1002/2015jf003602 · Cited by 158

Shrub expansion at the forest–tundra ecotone: spatial heterogeneity linked to local topography

Ropars, P., & Boudreau, S. (2012) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/015501 · Cited by 157

Degradation and stabilization of ice wedges: Implications for assessing risk of thermokarst in northern Alaska

Kanevskiy, M., Shur, Y. L., Jorgenson, T., Brown, D. R. N., Moskalenko, N., Brown, J. E., Walker, D. A., Raynolds, M. K., & Buchhorn, M. (2017) · Geomorphology · doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2017.09.001 · Cited by 155

Responses of High Arctic wet sedge tundra to climate warming since 1980

Hill, G., & Henry, G. H. R. (2010) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02244.x · Cited by 154

High Arctic plant community resists 15 years of experimental warming

Hudson, J. M., & Henry, G. H. R. (2010) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2010.01690.x · Cited by 153

The footprint of Alaskan tundra fires during the past half-century: implications for surface properties and radiative forcing

Rocha, A. V., Loranty, M. M., Higuera, P. E., Mack, M. C., Hu, F. S., Jones, B. M., Breen, A. L., Rastetter, E. B., Goetz, S. J., & Shaver, G. (2012) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044039 · Cited by 153

The response of Arctic vegetation and soils following an unusually severe tundra fire

Bret-Harte, M. S., Mack, M. C., Shaver, G. R., Huebner, D. C., Johnston, M. R., Mojica, C. A., Pizano, C., & Reiskind, J. A. (2013) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2012.0490 · Cited by 151

UAV photogrammetry for mapping vegetation in the low-Arctic

Fraser, R. H., Olthof, I., Lantz, T. C., & Schmitt, C. (2016) · Arctic Science · doi:10.1139/as-2016-0008 · Cited by 151

Experimental warming differentially affects vegetative and reproductive phenology of tundra plants

Collins, C. G., Elmendorf, S. C., Hollister, R. D., Henry, G. H. R., Clark, K., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Prevéy, J. S., Ashton, I. W., Assmann, J. J., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23841-2 · Cited by 148

Vole and lemming activity observed from space

Olofsson, J., Tømmervik, H., & Callaghan, T. V. (2012) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1537 · Cited by 147

Record-low primary productivity and high plant damage in the Nordic Arctic Region in 2012 caused by multiple weather events and pest outbreaks

Bjerke, J. W., Karlsen, S. R., Høgda, K. A., Malnes, E., Jepsen, J. U., Lovibond, S., Vikhamar-Schuler, D., & Tømmervik, H. (2014) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/8/084006 · Cited by 146

Shoot biomass, ?13C, nitrogen and chlorophyll responses of two arctic dwarf shrubs to in situ shading, nutrient application and warming simulating climatic change

Michelsen, A., Jonasson, S., SLEEP, D. J. H., Havstr�m, M., & Callaghan, T. V. (1996) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/bf00328785 · Cited by 145

Recent Shrub Proliferation in the Mackenzie Delta Uplands and Microclimatic Implications

Lantz, T. C., Marsh, P., & Kokelj, S. V. (2012) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-012-9595-2 · Cited by 143

Land use and land cover change in Arctic Russia: Ecological and social implications of industrial development

Kumpula, T., Pajunen, A., Kaarlejärvi, E., Forbes, B. C., & Stammler, F. (2011) · Global Environmental Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.12.010 · Cited by 142

Recent expansion of erect shrubs in the Low Arctic: evidence from Eastern Nunavik

Tremblay, B., Lévesque, E., & Boudreau, S. (2012) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/035501 · Cited by 142

Lake and drained lake basin systems in lowland permafrost regions

Jones, B. M., Grosse, G., Farquharson, L., Roy‐Léveillée, P., Veremeeva, A., Kanevskiy, M., Gaglioti, B. V., Breen, A. L., Parsekian, A., Ulrich, M., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-021-00238-9 · Cited by 140

Arctic greening from warming promotes declines in caribou populations

Fauchald, P., Park, T., Tømmervik, H., Myneni, R. B., & Hausner, V. H. (2017) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1601365 · Cited by 139

Nitrate is an important nitrogen source for Arctic tundra plants

Liu, X.-Y., Koba, K., Koyama, L. A., Hobbie, S. E., Weiss, M. S., Inagaki, Y., Shaver, G. R., Giblin, A. E., Hobara, S., Nadelhoffer, K. J., et al. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1715382115 · Cited by 139

Revisiting the extended Svalbard Airport monthly temperature series, and the compiled corresponding daily series 1898–2018

Nordli, Ø., Wyszyński, P., Gjelten, H. M., Isaksen, K., Łupikasza, E. B., Niedźwiedź, T., & Przybylak, R. (2020) · Polar Research · doi:10.33265/polar.v39.3614 · Cited by 138

The 2020 Siberian heat wave

Overland, J. E., & Wang, M. (2021) · International Journal of Climatology · doi:10.1002/joc.6850 · Cited by 137

Temperature‐induced recruitment pulses of Arctic dwarf shrub communities

Büntgen, U., Hellmann, L., Tegel, W., Normand, S., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Kirdyanov, A. V., Nievergelt, D., & Schweingruber, F. H. (2014) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12361 · Cited by 131

Range Expansion of Moose in Arctic Alaska Linked to Warming and Increased Shrub Habitat

Tape, K. D., Gustine, D. D., Ruess, R. W., Adams, L. G., & Clark, J. A. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0152636 · Cited by 130

Warming shortens flowering seasons of tundra plant communities

Prevéy, J. S., Rixen, C., Rüger, N., Høye, T. T., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Ashton, I. W., Cannone, N., Chisholm, C. L., et al. (2018) · Nature Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1038/s41559-018-0745-6 · Cited by 128

Permafrost thaw drives surface water decline across lake-rich regions of the Arctic

Webb, E. E., Liljedahl, A., Cordeiro, J. A., Loranty, M. M., Witharana, C., & Lichstein, J. W. (2022) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-022-01455-w · Cited by 123

Changing seasonality of panarctic tundra vegetation in relationship to climatic variables

Bhatt, U. S., Walker, D. A., Raynolds, M. K., Bieniek, P. A., Epstein, H. E., Comiso, J. C., Pinzón, J. E. D., Tucker, C. J., Steele, M., Ermold, W., et al. (2017) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa6b0b · Cited by 123

Tundra be dammed: Beaver colonization of the Arctic

Tape, K. D., Jones, B. M., Arp, C. D., Nitze, I., & Grosse, G. (2018) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.14332 · Cited by 121

Detection of landscape dynamics in the Arctic Lena Delta with temporally dense Landsat time-series stacks

Nitze, I., & Grosse, G. (2016) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2016.03.038 · Cited by 116

Arctic climate change discourse: the contrasting politics of research agendas in the West and Russia

Forbes, B. C., & Stammler, F. (2009) · Polar Research · doi:10.1111/j.1751-8369.2009.00100.x · Cited by 114

Patterned-ground facilitates shrub expansion in Low Arctic tundra

Frost, G. V., Epstein, H. E., Walker, D. A., Matyshak, G., & Ermokhina, K. A. (2013) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015035 · Cited by 113

Tundra Fire and Vegetation Change along a Hillslope on the Seward Peninsula, Alaska, U.S.A

Racine, C. H., Jandt, R. R., Meyers, C. R., & Dennis, J. G. (2004) · Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research · doi:10.1657/1523-0430(2004)036[0001:tfavca]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 113

The catastrophic thermokarst lake drainage events of 2018 in northwestern Alaska: fast-forward into the future

Nitze, I., Cooley, S., Duguay, C., Jones, B. M., & Grosse, G. (2020) · The Cryosphere · doi:10.5194/tc-14-4279-2020 · Cited by 113

A cloudier Arctic expected with diminishing sea ice

Liu, Y., Key, J. R., Liu, Z., Wang, X., & Vavrus, S. J. (2012) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2012gl051251 · Cited by 112

Global plant trait relationships extend to the climatic extremes of the tundra biome

Thomas, H. J. D., Bjorkman, A. D., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Kattge, J., Díaz, S. M., Vellend, M., Blok, D., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Forbes, B. C., et al. (2020) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-15014-4 · Cited by 112

Spatial Heterogeneity in the Shrub Tundra Ecotone in the Mackenzie Delta Region, Northwest Territories: Implications for Arctic Environmental Change

Lantz, T. C., Gergel, S. E., & Kokelj, S. V. (2010) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-009-9310-0 · Cited by 109

Relationships between Arctic shrub dynamics and topographically derived hydrologic characteristics

Naito, A. T., & Cairns, D. M. (2011) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045506 · Cited by 107

Spatial and temporal patterns of greenness on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia: interactions of ecological and social factors affecting the Arctic normalized difference vegetation index

Walker, D. A., Leibman, M., Epstein, H. E., Forbes, B. C., Bhatt, U. S., Raynolds, M. K., Comiso, J. C., Анатольевич, Г. А., Khomutov, A., Jia, G., et al. (2009) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/4/4/045004 · Cited by 106

What are the impacts of reindeer/caribou (Rangifer tarandus L.) on arctic and alpine vegetation? A systematic review

Bernes, C., Bråthen, K. A., Forbes, B. C., Speed, J. D., & Moen, J. (2015) · Environmental Evidence · doi:10.1186/s13750-014-0030-3 · Cited by 103

Understanding the drivers of extensive plant damage in boreal and Arctic ecosystems: Insights from field surveys in the aftermath of damage

Bjerke, J. W., Treharne, R., Vikhamar-Schuler, D., Karlsen, S. R., Ravolainen, V. T., Bokhorst, S., Phoenix, G. K., Bochenek, Z., & Tømmervik, H. (2017) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.050 · Cited by 102

Siberian taiga and tundra fire regimes from 2001–2020

Talucci, A. C., Loranty, M. M., & Alexander, H. D. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac3f07 · Cited by 102

Early snowmelt and polar jet dynamics co-influence recent extreme Siberian fire seasons

Scholten, R. C., Coumou, D., Luo, F., & Veraverbeke, S. (2022) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abn4419 · Cited by 101

Slow Recovery of Lichen on Burned Caribou Winter Range in Alaska Tundra: Potential Influences of Climate Warming and Other Disturbance Factors

Jandt, R. R., Joly, K., Meyers, C. R., & Racine, C. H. (2008) · Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research · doi:10.1657/1523-0430(06-122)[jandt]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 99

Sub-aerial talik formation observed across the discontinuous permafrost zone of Alaska

Farquharson, L., Romanovsky, V. E., Kholodov, A., & Nicolsky, D. J. (2022) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-022-00952-z · Cited by 98

Arctic rain on snow events: bridging observations to understand environmental and livelihood impacts

Serreze, M. C., Gustafson, J., Barrett, A. P., Druckenmiller, M. L., Fox, S., Voveris, J., Stroeve, J. C., Sheffield, B., Forbes, B. C., Rasmus, S., et al. (2021) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac269b · Cited by 91

Arctic greening associated with lengthening growing seasons in Northern Alaska

Arndt, K. A., Santos, M. J., Ustin, S. L., Davidson, S. J., Stow, D. A., Oechel, W. C., Tran, T. T. P., Graybill, B. S., & Zona, D. (2019) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab5e26 · Cited by 91

Seasonal and Long-Term Changes to Active-Layer Temperatures after Tall Shrubland Expansion and Succession in Arctic Tundra

Frost, G. V., Epstein, H. E., Walker, D. A., Matyshak, G., & Ermokhina, K. A. (2017) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-017-0165-5 · Cited by 90

Drone data reveal heterogeneity in tundra greenness and phenology not captured by satellites

Assmann, J. J., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Kerby, J. T., Cunliffe, A. M., & Daskalova, G. N. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abbf7d · Cited by 90

Disturbances in North American boreal forest and Arctic tundra: impacts, interactions, and responses

Foster, A. C., Wang, J. A., Frost, G. V., Davidson, S. J., Hoy, E., Turner, K. W., Sonnentag, O., Epstein, H. E., Berner, L. T., Armstrong, A., et al. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac98d7 · Cited by 89

Changes in greening in the high Arctic: insights from a 30 year AVHRR max NDVI dataset for Svalbard

Vickers, H., Høgda, K. A., Solbø, S., Karlsen, S. R., Tømmervik, H., Aanes, R., & Hansen, B. B. (2016) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/10/105004 · Cited by 89

The third Arctic climate pattern: 1930s and early 2000s

Overland, J. E., & Wang, M. (2005) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2005gl024254 · Cited by 88

Effects of waterlogging on water and carbon dioxide fluxes and environmental variables in a Siberian larch forest, 1998–2011

Ohta, T., Kotani, A., Iijima, Y., Maximov, T. C., Ito, S., Hanamura, M., Kononov, A. V., & Maximov, A. P. (2014) · Agricultural and Forest Meteorology · doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2013.12.012 · Cited by 84

Greater shrub dominance alters breeding habitat and food resources for migratory songbirds in Alaskan arctic tundra

Boelman, N. T., Gough, L., Wingfield, J. C., Goetz, S. J., Asmus, A. L., Chmura, H. E., Krause, J. S., Pérez, J. H., Sweet, S. K., & Guay, K. C. (2014) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12761 · Cited by 83

Regional and landscape-scale variability of Landsat-observed vegetation dynamics in northwest Siberian tundra

Frost, G. V., Epstein, H. E., & Walker, D. A. (2014) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/9/2/025004 · Cited by 83

Identification of unrecognized tundra fire events on the north slope of Alaska

Jones, B. M., Breen, A. L., Gaglioti, B. V., Mann, D. H., Rocha, A. V., Grosse, G., Arp, C. D., Kunz, M. L., & Walker, D. A. (2013) · Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences · doi:10.1002/jgrg.20113 · Cited by 82

Geomorphological and Climatic Drivers of Thermokarst Lake Area Increase Trend (1999–2018) in the Kolyma Lowland Yedoma Region, North-Eastern Siberia

Veremeeva, A., Nitze, I., Günther, F., Grosse, G., & Rivkina, E. (2021) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs13020178 · Cited by 81

Ecosystem responses to climate change at a Low Arctic and a High Arctic long-term research site

Hobbie, J. E., Shaver, G. R., Rastetter, E. B., Cherry, J., Goetz, S. J., Guay, K. C., Gould, W. A., & Kling, G. W. (2017) · AMBIO · doi:10.1007/s13280-016-0870-x · Cited by 79

Ecological consequences of the expansion of N2-fixing plants in cold biomes

Hiltbrunner, E., Aerts, R., Bühlmann, T., Huss‐Danell, K., Magnússon, B., Myrold, D. D., Reed, S. C., Sigurdsson, B. D., & Körner, C. (2014) · Oecologia · doi:10.1007/s00442-014-2991-x · Cited by 79

MODIS/Terra Vegetation Indices 16-Day L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V061

Didan, K. (2021) · NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center · doi:10.5067/modis/mod13a1.061 · Cited by 79

Dynamics of a Coupled System: Multi-Resolution Remote Sensing in Assessing Social-Ecological Responses during 25 Years of Gas Field Development in Arctic Russia

Kumpula, T., Forbes, B. C., Stammler, F., & Meschtyb, N. A. (2012) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs4041046 · Cited by 78

Multiple Ecosystem Effects of Extreme Weather Events in the Arctic

Christensen, T. R., Lund, M., Skov, K., Abermann, J., López‐Blanco, E., Scheller, J. H., Scheel, M., Jackowicz-Korczyński, M., Langley, K., Murphy, M. J., et al. (2020) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-020-00507-6 · Cited by 78

Expanding infrastructure and growing anthropogenic impacts along Arctic coasts

Bartsch, A., Pointner, G., Nitze, I., Efimova, A., Jakober, D., Ley, S., Hogström, E., Grosse, G., & Schweitzer, P. P. (2021) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac3176 · Cited by 78

Divergent shrub‐cover responses driven by climate, wildfire, and permafrost interactions in Arctic tundra ecosystems

Chen, Y., Hu, F. S., & Lara, M. J. (2020) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.15451 · Cited by 76

Increased wetness confounds Landsat-derived NDVI trends in the central Alaska North Slope region, 1985–2011

Raynolds, M. K., & Walker, D. A. (2016) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/11/8/085004 · Cited by 73

Above‐ and below‐ground responses of four tundra plant functional types to deep soil heating and surface soil fertilization

Wang, P., Limpens, J., Mommer, L., van Ruijven, J., Nauta, A. L., Berendse, F., Schaepman‐Strub, G., Blok, D., Maximov, T. C., & Heijmans, M. M. P. D. (2016) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12718 · Cited by 71

Multi-decadal patterns of vegetation succession after tundra fire on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska

Frost, G. V., Loehman, R. A., Saperstein, L., Macander, M. J., Nelson, P. R., Paradis, D. P., & Natali, S. M. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab5f49 · Cited by 70

Divergence of Arctic shrub growth associated with sea ice decline

Buchwał, A., Sullivan, P. F., Macias‐Fauria, M., Post, E., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Stroeve, J. C., Blok, D., Tape, K. D., Forbes, B. C., Ropars, P., et al. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2013311117 · Cited by 70

Shifts in the physical environment in the Pacific Arctic and implications for ecological timing and conditions

Baker, M. R., Константинович, К. К., Pisareva, M. N., Watson, J. T., & Selivanova, J. (2020) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2020.104802 · Cited by 70

Time-series maps reveal widespread change in plant functional type cover across Arctic and boreal Alaska and Yukon

Macander, M. J., Nelson, P. R., Nawrocki, T. W., Frost, G. V., Orndahl, K. M., Palm, E. C., Wells, A. F., & Goetz, S. J. (2022) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac6965 · Cited by 69

Remote Sensing of Tundra Ecosystems Using High Spectral Resolution Reflectance: Opportunities and Challenges

Nelson, P. R., Maguire, A. J., Pierrat, Z., Orcutt, E. L., Yang, D., Serbin, S. P., Frost, G. V., Macander, M. J., Magney, T. S., Thompson, D. R., et al. (2022) · Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences · doi:10.1029/2021jg006697 · Cited by 68

Global Vegetation Greenness (NDVI) from AVHRR GIMMS-3G+, 1981-2022

Pinzon, J. E., Pak, E. W., Tucker, C. J., Bhatt, U. S., Frost, G. V., & Macander, M. J. (2023) · ORNL Distributed Active Archive Center · doi:10.3334/ornldaac/2187 · Cited by 67

Decadal increases in carbon uptake offset by respiratory losses across northern permafrost ecosystems

See, C. R., Virkkala, A., Natali, S. M., Rogers, B. M., Mauritz, M., Biasi, C., Bokhorst, S., Boike, J., Bret-Harte, M. S., Celis, G., et al. (2024) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-024-02057-4 · Cited by 67

Thermokarst acceleration in Arctic tundra driven by climate change and fire disturbance

Chen, Y., Lara, M. J., Jones, B. M., Frost, G. V., & Hu, F. S. (2021) · One Earth · doi:10.1016/j.oneear.2021.11.011 · Cited by 65

Vegetation Indices Do Not Capture Forest Cover Variation in Upland Siberian Larch Forests

Loranty, M. M., Davydov, S. P., Kropp, H., Alexander, H. D., Mack, M. C., Natali, S. M., & Zimov, N. (2018) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs10111686 · Cited by 64

Experimental evidence of the long‐term effects of reindeer on Arctic vegetation greenness and species richness at a larger landscape scale

Sundqvist, M. K., Moen, J., Björk, R. G., Vowles, T., Kytöviita, M., Parsons, M. A., & Olofsson, J. (2019) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13201 · Cited by 64

Alder Distribution and Expansion Across a Tundra Hillslope: Implications for Local N Cycling

Salmon, V., Breen, A., Kumar, J., Lara, M., Thornton, P., Wullschleger, S., & Iversen, C. (2019) · Frontiers in Plant Science · doi:10.3389/fpls.2019.01099 · Cited by 64

Trends in NDVI and Tundra Community Composition in the Arctic of NE Alaska Between 1984 and 2009

Pattison, R., Jorgenson, J. C., Raynolds, M. K., & Welker, J. M. (2015) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-015-9858-9 · Cited by 64

Wildfires in the Siberian Arctic

Kharuk, V. I., Dvinskaya, M. L., Im, S. T., Golyukov, A. S., & Smith, K. T. (2022) · Fire · doi:10.3390/fire5040106 · Cited by 63

Tracking lake drainage events and drained lake basin vegetation dynamics across the Arctic

Chen, Y., Cheng, X. Y., Liu, A., Chen, Q., & Wang, C. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-43207-0 · Cited by 63

Towards an increasingly biased view on Arctic change

López‐Blanco, E., Topp-Jorgensen, E. J., Christensen, T. R., Rasch, M., Skov, H., Arndal, M. F., Bret-Harte, M. S., Callaghan, T. V., & Schmidt, N. M. (2024) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-023-01903-1 · Cited by 62

High Arctic vegetation after 70 years: a repeated analysis from Svalbard

Prach, K., Košnar, J., Klimešová, J., & Hais, M. (2009) · Polar Biology · doi:10.1007/s00300-009-0739-6 · Cited by 60

Scale-dependency of Arctic ecosystem properties revealed by UAV

Siewert, M., & Olofsson, J. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aba20b · Cited by 59

A globally relevant stock of soil nitrogen in the Yedoma permafrost domain

Strauß, J., Biasi, C., Sanders, T., Abbott, B. W., von Deimling, T. S., Voigt, C., Winkel, M., Marushchak, M. E., Kou, D., Fuchs, M., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-33794-9 · Cited by 59

Holocene warming marked by abrupt onset of longer summers and reduced storm frequency around Greenland

Mayewski, P. A., Sneed, S. B., Birkel, S. D., Kurbatov, A. V., & Maasch, K. A. (2013) · Journal of Quaternary Science · doi:10.1002/jqs.2684 · Cited by 59

Vegetation and Permafrost Thaw Depth 10 Years after a Tundra Fire in 2002, Seward Peninsula, Alaska

Narita, K., Harada, K., Saitô, K., Sawada, Y., Fukuda, M., & Tsuyuzaki, S. (2015) · Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research · doi:10.1657/aaar0013-031 · Cited by 58

Transitions in high-Arctic vegetation growth patterns and ecosystem productivity tracked with automated cameras from 2000 to 2013

Westergaard‐Nielsen, A., Lund, M., Pedersen, S. H., Schmidt, N. M., Klosterman, S., Abermann, J., & Hansen, B. U. (2017) · AMBIO · doi:10.1007/s13280-016-0864-8 · Cited by 58

Declining greenness in Arctic-boreal lakes

Kuhn, C., & Butman, D. (2021) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2021219118 · Cited by 57

A new NDVI measure that overcomes data sparsity in cloud-covered regions predicts annual variation in ground-based estimates of high arctic plant productivity

Karlsen, S. R., Anderson, H., van der Wal, R., & Hansen, B. B. (2017) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aa9f75 · Cited by 57

Permafrost thaw induced drying of wetlands at Scotty Creek, NWT, Canada

Haynes, K. M., Connon, R., & Quinton, W. L. (2018) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aae46c · Cited by 57

Sustained greening of the Antarctic Peninsula observed from satellites

Roland, T. P., Bartlett, O. T., Charman, D. J., Anderson, K., Hodgson, D. A., Amesbury, M. J., Maclean, I. M. D., Fretwell, P. T., & Fleming, A. (2024) · Nature Geoscience · doi:10.1038/s41561-024-01564-5 · Cited by 57

The International Tundra Experiment (ITEX): 30 years of research on tundra ecosystems

Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Klanderud, K., Björk, R. G., Bjorkman, A. D., Elphinstone, C., Jónsdóttir, I. S., Molau, U., Petraglia, A., Oberbauer, S. F., et al. (2022) · Arctic Science · doi:10.1139/as-2022-0041 · Cited by 56

Larval outbreaks in West Greenland: Instant and subsequent effects on tundra ecosystem productivity and CO2 exchange

Lund, M., Raundrup, K., Westergaard‐Nielsen, A., López‐Blanco, E., Nymand, J., & Aastrup, P. (2017) · AMBIO · doi:10.1007/s13280-016-0863-9 · Cited by 56

Population cycles of lemmings near Barrow, Alaska: a historical review

Pitelka, F. A., & Batzli, G. O. (2007) · ACTA THERIOLOGICA · doi:10.1007/bf03194229 · Cited by 54

Usteq: integrating indigenous knowledge and social and physical sciences to coproduce knowledge and support community-based adaptation

Bronen, R., Pollock, D., Overbeck, J. R., Stevens, D. A. S. P., Natali, S. M., & Maio, C. (2019) · Polar Geography · doi:10.1080/1088937x.2019.1679271 · Cited by 54

Identifying multidisciplinary research gaps across Arctic terrestrial gradients

Virkkala, A., Abdi, A. M., Luoto, M., & Metcalfe, D. B. (2019) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ab4291 · Cited by 52

Vegetation recovery following extreme winter warming events in the sub-Arctic estimated using NDVI from remote sensing and handheld passive proximal sensors

Bokhorst, S., Tømmervik, H., Callaghan, T. V., Phoenix, G. K., & Bjerke, J. W. (2012) · Environmental and Experimental Botany · doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2012.02.011 · Cited by 51

Landsat‐based greening trends in alpine ecosystems are inflated by multidecadal increases in summer observations

Bayle, A., Gascoin, S., Berner, L. T., & Choler, P. (2024) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/ecog.07394 · Cited by 51

Arctic greening and bird nest predation risk across tundra ecotones

Ims, R. A., Henden, J., Strømeng, M. A., Thingnes, A. V., Garmo, M. J., & Jepsen, J. U. (2019) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/s41558-019-0514-9 · Cited by 47

Land cover and land use changes in the oil and gas regions of Northwestern Siberia under changing climatic conditions

Yu, Q., Epstein, H. E., Engstrom, R. N., Shiklomanov, N. I., & Strelestskiy, D. (2015) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124020 · Cited by 47

Relationships between declining summer sea ice, increasing temperatures and changing vegetation in the Siberian Arctic tundra from MODIS time series (2000–11)

Dutrieux, L. P., Bartholomeus, H. M., Herold, M., & Verbesselt, J. (2012) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/044028 · Cited by 46

‘LandsatTS': an R package to facilitate retrieval, cleaning, cross‐calibration, and phenological modeling of Landsat time series data

Berner, L. T., Assmann, J. J., Normand, S., & Goetz, S. J. (2023) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/ecog.06768 · Cited by 46

Continentality and Oceanity in the Mid and High Latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere and Their Links to Atmospheric Circulation

Stonevičius, E., Stankūnavičius, G., & Rimkus, E. (2018) · Advances in Meteorology · doi:10.1155/2018/5746191 · Cited by 46

High spatial resolution decade-time scale land cover change at multiple locations in the Beringian Arctic (1948–2000s)

Lin, D., Johnson, D., Andresen, C., & Tweedie, C. (2012) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/2/025502 · Cited by 45

Recent Vegetation Change (1980–2013) in the Tundra Ecosystems of the Tuktoyaktuk Coastlands, NWT, Canada

Moffat, N. D., Lantz, T. C., Fraser, R. H., & Olthof, I. (2016) · Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research · doi:10.1657/aaar0015-063 · Cited by 45

Identifying historical and future potential lake drainage events on the western Arctic coastal plain of Alaska

Jones, B. M., Arp, C. D., Grosse, G., Nitze, I., Lara, M. J., Whitman, M. S., Farquharson, L., Kanevskiy, M., Parsekian, A., Breen, A. L., et al. (2020) · Permafrost and Periglacial Processes · doi:10.1002/ppp.2038 · Cited by 45

Shrub decline and expansion of wetland vegetation revealed by very high resolution land cover change detection in the Siberian lowland tundra

Magnússon, R. Í., Limpens, J., Kleijn, D., van Huissteden, J., Maximov, T. C., Lobry, S., & Heijmans, M. M. P. D. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146877 · Cited by 45

Twenty-Five Year Record of Changes in Plant Cover on Tundra of Northeastern Alaska

Jorgenson, J., Raynolds, M., Reynolds, J., & Benson, A.-M. (2015) · Arctic Antarctic and Alpine Research · doi:10.1657/aaar0014-097 · Cited by 44

Patterns of shrub expansion in Alaskan arctic river corridors suggest phase transition

Naito, A. T., & Cairns, D. M. (2014) · Ecology and Evolution · doi:10.1002/ece3.1341 · Cited by 44

Modeling dynamics of tundra plant communities on the Yamal Peninsula, Russia, in response to climate change and grazing pressure

Yu, Q., Epstein, H. E., Walker, D. A., Frost, G. V., & Forbes, B. C. (2011) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045505 · Cited by 44

Climate Drivers Linked to Changing Seasonality of Alaska Coastal Tundra Vegetation Productivity

Bieniek, P. A., Bhatt, U. S., Walker, D. A., Raynolds, M. K., Comiso, J. C., Epstein, H. E., Pinzón, J. E. D., Tucker, C. J., Thoman, R. L., Tran, H., et al. (2015) · Earth Interactions · doi:10.1175/ei-d-15-0013.1 · Cited by 44

Nutritional implications of increased shrub cover for caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in the Arctic

Thompson, D. P., & Barboza, P. S. (2014) · Canadian Journal of Zoology · doi:10.1139/cjz-2013-0265 · Cited by 44

A phenology-based approach to the classification of Arctic tundra ecosystems in Greenland

Karami, M., Westergaard‐Nielsen, A., Normand, S., Treier, U. A., Elberling, B., & Hansen, B. U. (2018) · ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing · doi:10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.11.005 · Cited by 44

Peak season carbon exchange shifts from a sink to a source following 50+ years of herbivore exclusion in an Arctic tundra ecosystem

Lara, M. J., Johnson, D. R., Andresen, C. G., Hollister, R. D., & Tweedie, C. E. (2016) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12654 · Cited by 43

Periglacial vegetation dynamics in Arctic Russia: decadal analysis of tundra regeneration on landslides with time series satellite imagery

Verdonen, M., Berner, L. T., Forbes, B. C., & Kumpula, T. (2020) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abb500 · Cited by 43

The Northwest Territories Thermokarst Mapping Collective: A northern-driven mapping collaborative toward understanding the effects of permafrost thaw

Kokelj, S. V., Gingras‐Hill, T., Daly, S. V., Morse, P. D., Wolfe, S. A., Rudy, A. C. A., van der Sluijs, J., Weiss, N., O'Neill, H. B., Baltzer, J. L., et al. (2023) · Arctic Science · doi:10.1139/as-2023-0009 · Cited by 43

Nitrogen accumulation and partitioning in a High Arctic tundra ecosystem from extreme atmospheric N deposition events

Choudhary, S., Blaud, A., Osborn, A. M., Press, M. C., & Phoenix, G. K. (2016) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.155 · Cited by 43

An extreme flood caused by a heavy snowfall over the Indigirka River basin in Northeastern Siberia

Tei, S., Morozumi, T., Nagai, S., Takano, S., Sugimoto, A., Shingubara, R., Fan, R. G., Fedorov, A. N., Gavrilyeva, T. N., Тананаев, Н. И., et al. (2019) · Hydrological Processes · doi:10.1002/hyp.13601 · Cited by 43

Is Antarctica Greening?

Colesie, C., Gray, A. M., Walshaw, C. V., Bokhorst, S., Kerby, J. T., Jawak, S. D., Sancho, L. G., & Convey, P. (2025) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.70294 · Cited by 20

Borealization of tundra ecosystems with climate and land-use change

Verdonen, M., Barrio, I. C., Barbero-Palacios, L., López‐Blanco, E., Speed, J. D. M., Defourneaux, M., Criado, M. G., Moullec, M. L., Mellard, J. P., Salazar, A., et al. (2025) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ae2e18 · Cited by 8

Signatures of Arctic Change: Molecular‐Level Composition and Bioavailability of Shifting Dissolved Organic Matter Sources

Slentz, A. E., Mckenna, A. M., Kellerman, A. M., Holt, A. D., Burns, A. J., Miller, M., Wagner, S., Tzortziou, M. A., Smith, H., Mannino, A., et al. (2025) · Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences · doi:10.1029/2025jg008899 · Cited by 5

ABCFlux v2: Arctic–boreal CO 2 and CH 4 monthly flux observations and ancillary information across terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems

Virkkala, A., Wargowsky, I. K., Vogt, J., Kuhn, M. A., Madaan, S., Windholz, T., Arndt, K. A., Rocher‐Ros, G., Goeckede, M., Olefeldt, D., et al. (2026) · Earth system science data · doi:10.5194/essd-18-6357-2026 · Cited by 5

Multiple factors controlling polar willow growth in the high Arctic (Svalbard): Implications for future prediction of tundra productivity

Phulara, M., Opała‐Owczarek, M., Szymański, W., Ślopek, J., Węgrzyn, M. H., Łupikasza, E. B., Korabiewski, B., & Owczarek, P. (2025) · Global Ecology and Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03801 · Cited by 3

NOAA Arctic Report Card 2024 : Tundra Greenness

Frost, G. V., Macander, M. J., Bhatt, U. S., & Berner, L. T. (2024) · LaCRIS (University of Lapland) · doi:10.25923/5t2g-fm41 · Cited by 2

Arctic Report Card 2020: Tundra Greenness

Frost, G. V., Bhatt, U. S., Epstein, H. E., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Phoenix, G. K., Berner, L. T., Bjerke, J. W., Forbes, B. C., Goetz, S. J., Kerby, J. T., et al. (2020) · NOAA Institutional Repository · doi:10.25923/46rm-0w23 · Cited by 18

Spatial patterns of Arctic ecosystem changes under recent climate warming and permafrost degradation

Vîrghileanu, M., Daia-Creinicean, T., Berbecariu, A., Bizdadea, C.-G., Miron, F., & Sandric, I. C. (2026) · doi:10.5194/egusphere-egu26-16981

Trends of Vegetation Greenness in the Arctic from 1982-2005

Jia, G., Epstein, H. E., & Walker, D. A. (2007) · AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts

Arctic browning: extreme events and trends reversing arctic greening

Phoenix, G. K., & Bjerke, J. W. (2016) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13261 · Cited by 251