Increasing shrub abundance in the Arctic
Abstract
The warming of the Alaskan Arctic during the past 150 years has accelerated over the last three decades and is expected to increase vegetation productivity in tundra if shrubs become more abundant; indeed, this transition may already be under way according to local plot studies and remote sensing. Here we present evidence for a widespread increase in shrub abundance over more than 320 km of Arctic landscape during the past 50 years, based on a comparison of historic and modern aerial photographs. This expansion will alter the partitioning of energy in summer and the trapping and distribution of snow in winter, as well as increasing the amount of carbon stored in a region that is believed to be a net source of carbon dioxide.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Changing vegetation diversity, abundance, composition, and phenology in the Arctic are well documented.
“Changing vegetation diversity, abundance, composition, and phenology in the Arctic are all well documented (Sturm et al. 2001; Walker et al. 2006; Bjørkman et al. 2020).”
From Muskox status, recent variation, and uncertain future (2020) · cites this paper as Sturm et al. 2001
Cites
Increased plant growth in the northern high latitudes from 1981 to 1991
Myneni, R. B., Keeling, C. D., Tucker, C. J., Asrar, G., & Nemani, R. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/386698a0 · Cited by 3,448 · see citing works
Observational Evidence of Recent Change in the Northern High-Latitude Environment
Serreze, M. C., Walsh, J. E., Chapin, F. S., Osterkamp, T. E., Dyurgerov, M. B., Romanovsky, V. E., Oechel, W. C., Morison, J. H., Zhang, T., & Barry, R. G. (2000) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1023/a:1005504031923 · Cited by 1,910 · see citing works
Responses of Arctic Tundra to Experimental and Observed Changes in Climate
Chapin, F. S., Shaver, G. R., Giblin, A. E., Nadelhoffer, K. J., & Laundre, J. A. (1995) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1939337 · Cited by 1,411 · see citing works
Global climates since the last glacial maximum
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-0947 · Cited by 1,376 · see citing works
Arctic Environmental Change of the Last Four Centuries
Overpeck, J. T., Hughen, K. A., Hardy, D. R., Bradley, R. S., Case, R. A., Douglas, M. S. V., Finney, B. P., Gajewski, K., Jacoby, G. C., JENNINGS, A. E., et al. (1997) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.278.5341.1251 · Cited by 1,047 · see citing works
Global Climates since the Last Glacial Maximum
Mather, J. R., Wright, H. E., Kutzbach, J. E., Webb, T., Ruddiman, W. F., Street‐Perrott, F. A., & Bartlein, P. J. (1995) · Geographical Review · doi:10.2307/216070 · Cited by 974 · see citing works
Acclimation of ecosystem CO2 exchange in the Alaskan Arctic in response to decadal climate warming
Oechel, W. C., Vourlitis, G. L., Hastings, S. J., Zulueta, R. C., Hinzman, L. D., & Kane, D. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35023137 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
Bliss, L. C., & Matveyeva, N. V. (1992) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-168250-7.50010-9 · Cited by 367 · see citing works
Carbon balance of Alaskan tundra and taiga ecosystems: past, present and future
Billings, W. D. (1987) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/0277-3791(87)90032-1 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
McGuire, A. D., Clein, J. S., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W., Meier, R. A., Vörösmarty, C. J., & Serreze, M. C. (2000) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.06017.x · Cited by 147 · see citing works
A TRANSIENT, NUTRIENT-BASED MODEL OF ARCTIC PLANT COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO CLIMATIC WARMING
Epstein, H. E., Walker, M. D., Chapin, F. S., & Starfield, A. M. (2000) · Ecological Applications · doi:10.1890/1051-0761(2000)010[0824:atnbmo]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
On Choosing Models for Describing and Analyzing Ecological Time Series
Berryman, A. A. (1992) · Ecology · doi:10.2307/1940776 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Mutai, C. (2000) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2000)013
Quesada (2001) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
A globally coherent fingerprint of climate change impacts across natural systems
Parmesan, C., & Yohe, G. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01286 · Cited by 11,265 · see citing works
Ecological responses to recent climate change.
Walther, G.-R., Post, E., Convey, P., Menzel, A., Parmesan, C., Beebee, T. J. C., Fromentin, J.-M., Hoegh-Guldberg, O., & Bairlein, F. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/416389a · Cited by 9,975 · see citing works
Ecological and Evolutionary Responses to Recent Climate Change
Parmesan, C. (2006) · Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics · doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.37.091305.110100 · Cited by 8,652 · see citing works
A Significant Upward Shift in Plant Species Optimum Elevation During the 20th Century
Lenoir, J., Gégout, J., Marquet, P. A., de Ruffray, P., & Brisse, H. (2008) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1156831 · Cited by 2,313 · see citing works
Characteristics, drivers and feedbacks of global greening
Piao, S. L., Wang, X., Park, T., Chen, C., Lian, X., He, Y. L., Bjerke, J. W., Chen, A., Ciais, P., Tømmervik, H., et al. (2019) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-019-0001-x · Cited by 2,305 · see citing works
Running to stand still: adaptation and the response of plants to rapid climate change.
Jump, A., & Peñuelas, J. (2005) · Ecology Letters · doi:10.1111/j.1461-0248.2005.00796.x · Cited by 1,526 · see citing works
Shrub expansion in tundra ecosystems: dynamics, impacts and research priorities
Myers-Smith, I. H., Forbes, B. C., Wilmking, M., Hallinger, M., Lantz, T., Blok, D., Tape, K. D., Macias-Fauria, M., Sass-Klaassen, U., Lévesque, E., et al. (2011) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/6/4/045509 · Cited by 1,485 · see citing works
Self-citationEvidence and Implications of Recent Climate Change in Northern Alaska and Other Arctic Regions
Hinzman, L. D., Bettez, N. D., Bolton, W. R., Chapin, F. S., Dyurgerov, M. B., Fastie, C. L., Griffith, B., Hollister, R. D., Hope, A. S., Huntington, H. P., et al. (2005) · Climatic Change · doi:10.1007/s10584-005-5352-2 · Cited by 1,423 · see citing works
Self-citationRole of Land-Surface Changes in Arctic Summer Warming
Chapin, F. S., Sturm, M., Serreze, M. C., McFadden, J. P., Key, J. R., Lloyd, A. H., McGUIRE, A. D., Rupp, T. S., Lynch, A. H., Schimel, J., et al. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1117368 · Cited by 1,365 · see citing works
Self-citationThe evidence for shrub expansion in Northern Alaska and the Pan‐Arctic
Tape, K. D., Sturm, M., & Racine, C. H. (2006) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01128.x · Cited by 1,321 · see citing works
Self-citationSitch, S. A., Huntingford, C., Gedney, N., Levy, P., Lomas, M., Piao, S. L., Betts, R., Ciais, P., Cox, P. M., Friedlingstein, P., et al. (2008) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01626.x · Cited by 1,320 · see citing works
Plant community responses to experimental warming across the tundra biome
Walker, M. D., Wahren, C. H., Hollister, R. D., Henry, G. H. R., Ahlquist, L. E., Alatalo, J. M., Bret-Harte, M. S., Calef, M. P., Callaghan, T. V., Carroll, A. B., et al. (2006) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0503198103 · Cited by 1,310 · see citing works
Rapid shifts in plant distribution with recent climate change
Kelly, A. E., & Goulden, M. L. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0802891105 · Cited by 1,287 · see citing works
Influence of the seasonal snow cover on the ground thermal regime: An overview
Zhang, T. (2005) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2004rg000157 · Cited by 1,237 · see citing works
The effect of permafrost thaw on old carbon release and net carbon exchange from tundra
Schuur, E. A. G., Vogel, J. G., Crummer, K. G., Lee, H., Sickman, J. O., & Osterkamp, T. E. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08031 · Cited by 1,117 · see citing works
Ecosystem carbon storage in arctic tundra reduced by long-term nutrient fertilization
Mack, M. C., Schuur, E. A. G., Bret-Harte, M. S., Shaver, G. R., & Chapin, F. S. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02887 · Cited by 1,030 · see citing works
Plot-scale evidence of tundra vegetation change and links to recent summer warming
Elmendorf, S. C., Henry, G. H. R., Hollister, R. D., Björk, R. G., Boulanger‐Lapointe, N., Cooper, E. J., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Day, T. A., Dorrepaal, E., Elumeeva, T. G., et al. (2012) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1465 · Cited by 980 · see citing works
A Major Ecosystem Shift in the Northern Bering Sea
Grebmeier, J. M., Overland, J. E., Moore, S. E., Farley, E. V., Carmack, E. C., Cooper, L. W., Frey, K. E., Helle, J. H., McLaughlin, F. A., & McNutt, S. L. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1121365 · Cited by 877 · see citing works
Climate-induced boreal forest change: Predictions versus current observations
Soja, A. J., Tchebakova, N. M., French, N. H. F., Flannigan, M., Shugart, H. H., Stocks, B. J., Иванович, С. А., Parfenova, E. I., Chapin, F. S., & Stackhouse, P. W. (2006) · Global and Planetary Change · doi:10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.07.028 · Cited by 760 · see citing works
Impacts of permafrost degradation on arctic river biogeochemistry
Frey, K. E., & McClelland, J. W. (2008) · Hydrological Processes · doi:10.1002/hyp.7196 · Cited by 721 · see citing works
The impacts of climate change on ecosystem structure and function
Grimm, N., Chapin, F. S., Bierwagen, B., Gonzalez, P., Groffman, P., Luo, Y.-Q., Melton, F., Nadelhoffer, K., Pairis, A., Raymond, P., et al. (2013) · Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment · doi:10.1890/120282 · Cited by 647 · see citing works
Winter Biological Processes Could Help Convert Arctic Tundra to Shrubland
Sturm, M., Schimel, J., Michaelson, G. J., Welker, J. M., Oberbauer, S. F., Liston, G. E., Fahnestock, J. T., & Romanovsky, V. E. (2005) · BioScience · doi:10.1641/0006-3568(2005)055[0017:wbpchc]2.0.co;2 · Cited by 695 · see citing works
Self-citationRapid climate change‐related growth decline at the southern range edge of Fagus sylvatica
Jump, A. S., HUNT, J. M., & Peñuelas, J. (2006) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01250.x · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Remote sensing of vegetation and land-cover change in Arctic Tundra Ecosystems
Stow, D. A., Hope, A. S., McGuire, D., Verbyla, D. L., Gamon, J. A., Huemmrich, F., Houston, S., Racine, C. H., Sturm, M., Tape, K. D., et al. (2004) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2003.10.018 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Self-citationImpacts of Climate Change on the Tree Line
Grace, J. (2002) · Annals of Botany · doi:10.1093/aob/mcf222 · Cited by 657 · see citing works
Classen, A. T., Sundqvist, M. K., Henning, J. A., Newman, G. S., Moore, J. A. M., Cregger, M. A., Moorhead, L. C., & Patterson, C. M. (2015) · Ecosphere · doi:10.1890/es15-00217.1 · Cited by 658 · see citing works
Goetz, S. J., Bunn, A. G., Fiske, G. J., & Houghton, R. A. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0506179102 · Cited by 650 · see citing works
Interactions between plant growth and soil nutrient cycling under elevated CO2: a meta‐analysis
de Graaff, M., van Groenigen, K. J., Six, J., Hungate, B. A., & van Kessel, C. (2006) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01240.x · Cited by 625 · see citing works
Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services
Fischlin, A., Midgley, G. F., Turley, C., & Velichko, A. A. (2007) · IRIS · Cited by 623 · see citing works
Mangrove expansion and salt marsh decline at mangrove poleward limits
Saintilan, N., Wilson, N. C., Rogers, K., Rajkaran, A., & Krauss, K. W. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12341 · Cited by 619 · see citing works
Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and managed systems
Rosenzweig, C. E., Casassa, G., Karoly, D. J., Imeson, A. C., Liu, C., Menzel, A., Rawlins, S., Root, T. L., Seguin, B., & Tryjanowski, P. (2007) · Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) · doi:10.5167/uzh-33180 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
Phylogenetic patterns of species loss in Thoreau's woods are driven by climate change
Willis, C. G., Ruhfel, B. R., Primack, R. B., Miller‐Rushing, A. J., & Davis, C. “. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0806446105 · Cited by 615 · see citing works
Climate sensitivity of shrub growth across the tundra biome
Myers‐Smith, I. H., Elmendorf, S. C., Beck, P. S. A., Wilmking, M., Hallinger, M., Blok, D., Tape, K. D., Rayback, S. A., Macias‐Fauria, M., Forbes, B. C., et al. (2015) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2697 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Self-citationHealth effects from stratospheric ozone depletion and interactions with climate change
Caldwell, M. M., Ballaré, C. L., Bornman, J. F., Flint, S. D., Björn, L. O., Teramura, A. H., Kulandaivelu, G., & Tevini, M. (2003) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/b211159b · Cited by 571 · see citing works
Kaplan, J. O., Bigelow, N. H., Prentice, I. C., Harrison, S. P., Bartlein, P. J., Christensen, T. R., Crämer, W., Matveyeva, N. V., McGUIRE, A. D., Murray, D. F., et al. (2003) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2002jd002559 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Russian Arctic warming and ‘greening’ are closely tracked by tundra shrub willows
Forbes, B. C., Macias‐Fauria, M., & Zetterberg, P. (2009) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02047.x · Cited by 521 · see citing works
Latitudinal gradients as natural laboratories to infer species' responses to temperature
Frenne, P. D., GRAAE, B. J., Rodríguez‐Sánchez, F., Kolb, A., Chabrerie, O., Decocq, G., Kort, H. D., Schrijver, A. D., Diekmann, M., Eriksson, O., et al. (2013) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/1365-2745.12074 · Cited by 515 · see citing works
The altitude-for-latitude disparity in the range retractions of woody species
Jump, A. S., Mátýas, C., & Peñuelas, J. (2009) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/j.tree.2009.06.007 · Cited by 509 · see citing works
Wilmking, M., Juday, G. P., Barber, V. A., & Zald, H. S. J. (2004) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2004.00826.x · Cited by 508 · see citing works
The circumpolar active layer monitoring (calm) program: Research designs and initial results
Brown, J. E., Hinkel, K. M., & Nelson, F. E. (2000) · Polar Geography · doi:10.1080/10889370009377698 · Cited by 501 · see citing works
Opposing plant community responses to warming with and without herbivores
Post, E., & Pedersen, C. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0802421105 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Pauli, H., GOTTFRIED, M., REITER, K., KLETTNER, C., & Grabherr, G. (2006) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01282.x · Cited by 480 · see citing works
Long‐term changes in phytoplankton, zooplankton and salmon related to climate
Beaugrand, G., & Reid, P. C. (2003) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00632.x · Cited by 465 · see citing works
The resilience and functional role of moss in boreal and arctic ecosystems
Turetsky, M. R., Bond‐Lamberty, B., Euskirchen, E. S., Talbot, J., Frolking, S., McGUIRE, A. D., & Tuittila, E. (2012) · New Phytologist · doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04254.x · Cited by 462 · see citing works
Walther, G. (2003) · Perspectives in Plant Ecology Evolution and Systematics · doi:10.1078/1433-8319-00076 · Cited by 449 · see citing works
Carbon loss from an unprecedented Arctic tundra wildfire
Mack, M. C., Bret-Harte, M. S., Hollingsworth, T. N., Jandt, R. R., Schuur, E. A. G., Shaver, G. R., & Verbyla, D. L. (2011) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10283 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
Soil microbial responses to experimental warming and clipping in a tallgrass prairie
Zhang, W., Parker, K. M., Luo, Y., Wan, S., Wallace, L. L., & Hu, S. (2005) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00902.x · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Plant height and hydraulic vulnerability to drought and cold
Olson, M. E., Soriano, D., Rosell, J. A., Anfodillo, T., Donoghue, M. J., Edwards, E. J., León‐Gómez, C., Dawson, T. E., Camarero, J. J., Castorena, M., et al. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1721728115 · Cited by 436 · see citing works
Wookey, P. A., Aerts, R., Bardgett, R. D., Baptist, F., Bråthen, K. A., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Gough, L., Hartley, I. P., HOPKINS, D. W., Lavorel, S., et al. (2008) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01801.x · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Shrinking ponds in subarctic Alaska based on 1950–2002 remotely sensed images
Riordan, B., Verbyla, D. L., & McGUIRE, A. D. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005jg000150 · Cited by 415 · see citing works
The vegetation greenness trend in Canada and US Alaska from 1984–2012 Landsat data
Ju, J., & Masek, J. G. (2016) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2016.01.001 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
Jump, A. S., Ruiz‐Benito, P., Greenwood, S., Allen, C. D., Kitzberger, T., Fensham, R. J., Martínez‐Vilalta, J., & Lloret, F. (2017) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13636 · Cited by 402 · see citing works
Carbon cycling in peatlands — A review of processes and controls
Blodau, C. (2002) · Environmental Reviews · doi:10.1139/a02-004 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Dullinger, S., Dirnböck, T., & Grabherr, G. (2004) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.0022-0477.2004.00872.x · Cited by 392 · see citing works
Climate trends in the Arctic as observed from space
Comiso, J. C., & Hall, D. K. (2014) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Climate Change · doi:10.1002/wcc.277 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Herbivores inhibit climate‐driven shrub expansion on the tundra
Olofsson, J., Oksanen, L., Callaghan, T. V., Hulme, P. E., Oksanen, T., & Suominen, O. (2009) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01935.x · Cited by 387 · see citing works
Serreze, M. C., & Barry, R. G. (2005) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511535888 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Tundra soil carbon is vulnerable to rapid microbial decomposition under climate warming
Xue, K., Yuan, M., Shi, Z. J., Qin, Y., Deng, Y., Cheng, L., Wu, L., He, Z., Nostrand, J. D. V., Bracho, R., et al. (2016) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate2940 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
van Wijk, M. T., Clemmensen, K. E., Shaver, G. R., Williams, M., Callaghan, T. V., Chapin, F. S., Cornelissen, J. H. C., Gough, L., Hobbie, S. E., Jonasson, S., et al. (2003) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2003.00719.x · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Adger, W. N., Barnett, J., Chapin, F. S., & Ellemor, H. (2011) · Global Environmental Politics · doi:10.1162/glep_a_00051 · Cited by 372 · see citing works
Greening of arctic Alaska, 1981–2001
Jia, G., Epstein, H. E., & Walker, D. A. (2003) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2003gl018268 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Arctic tundra shrubification: a review of mechanisms and impacts on ecosystem carbon balance
Mekonnen, Z., Riley, W., Berner, L., Bouskill, N., Torn, M., Iwahana, G., Breen, A., Myers-Smith, I., Criado, M. G., Liu, Y., et al. (2021) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/abf28b · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Global impacts of the 1980s regime shift
Reid, P. C., Hari, R. E., Beaugrand, G., Livingstone, D. M., Marty, C., Straile, D., Barichivich, J., Goberville, É., Adrian, R., Aono, Y., et al. (2015) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13106 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Tundra vegetation change and impacts on permafrost
Heijmans, M. M. P. D., Magnússon, R. Í., Lara, M. J., Frost, G. V., Myers‐Smith, I. H., van Huissteden, J., Jorgenson, M. T., Fedorov, A. N., Epstein, H. E., Lawrence, D. M., et al. (2022) · Nature Reviews Earth & Environment · doi:10.1038/s43017-021-00233-0 · Cited by 361 · see citing works
Shrub expansion may reduce summer permafrost thaw in Siberian tundra
Blok, D., Heijmans, M., Schaepman-Strub, G., Kononov, A., Maximov, T., & Berendse, F. (2010) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02110.x · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Wahren, C.-H., Walker, M. D., & Bret-Harte, M. S. (2005) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.00927.x · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Variability, contingency and rapid change in recent subarctic alpine tree line dynamics
Danby, R. K., & Hik, D. S. (2007) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2006.01200.x · Cited by 341 · see citing works
Cyclic Variation and Solar Forcing of Holocene Climate in the Alaskan Subarctic
Hu, F. S., Kaufman, D. S., Yoneji, S., Nelson, D., Shemesh, A., Huang, Y., Tian, J., Bond, G. C., Clegg, B. F., & Brown, T. A. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1088568 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Chapin, F. S. (2003) · Annals of Botany · doi:10.1093/aob/mcg041 · Cited by 337 · see citing works
Changing snow and shrub conditions affect albedo with global implications
Sturm, M., Douglas, T., Racine, C. H., & Liston, G. E. (2005) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005jg000013 · Cited by 332 · see citing works
Self-citationChanges in Impacts of Climate Extremes: Human Systems and Ecosystems
Handmer, J. W., Honda, Y., Kundzewicz, Z. W., Arnell, N. W., Benito, G., Hatfield, J. L., Mohamed, I. F., Peduzzi, P., Wu, S., Шерстюков, Б. Г., et al. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139177245.007 · Cited by 379 · see citing works
Carbon in Canada’s boreal forest — A synthesis
Kurz, W. A., Shaw, C. H., Boisvenue, C., Stinson, G., Metsaranta, J. M., Leckie, D. G., Dyk, A., Smyth, C. E., & Neilson, E. T. (2013) · Environmental Reviews · doi:10.1139/er-2013-0041 · Cited by 327 · see citing works
Feedbacks of Terrestrial Ecosystems to Climate Change
Field, C. B., Lobell, D. B., Peters, H. A., & Chiariello, N. R. (2007) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.32.053006.141119 · Cited by 317 · see citing works
Plant Phenology And Distribution In Relation To Recent Climate Change
Bertin, R. I. (2008) · The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society · doi:10.3159/07-rp-035r.1 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Peñuelas, J., Ogaya, R., Boada, M., & Jump, A. S. (2007) · Ecography · doi:10.1111/j.2007.0906-7590.05247.x · Cited by 303 · see citing works
TUNDRA CO2 FLUXES IN RESPONSE TO EXPERIMENTAL WARMING ACROSS LATITUDINAL AND MOISTURE GRADIENTS
Oberbauer, S. F., Tweedie, C. E., Welker, J. M., Fahnestock, J. T., Henry, G. H. R., Webber, P. J., Hollister, R. D., Walker, M. D., Kuchy, A., Elmore, E., et al. (2007) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.1890/06-0649 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
The role of snow cover in the warming of arctic permafrost
Stieglitz, M., Déry, S. J., Romanovsky, V. E., & Osterkamp, T. E. (2003) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2003gl017337 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Mobilization pathways of organic carbon from permafrost to arctic rivers in a changing climate
Guo, L., Ping, C., & Macdonald, R. W. (2007) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2007gl030689 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Progress in permafrost hydrology in the new millennium
Woo, M., Kane, D. L., Carey, S. K., & Yang, D. (2008) · Permafrost and Periglacial Processes · doi:10.1002/ppp.613 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Tall shrub and tree expansion in Siberian tundra ecotones since the 1960s
Frost, G. V., & Epstein, H. E. (2013) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.12406 · Cited by 295 · see citing works
Climate Change and Hazard Zonation in the Circum-Arctic Permafrost Regions
Nelson, F. E., Anisimov, O. A., & Shiklomanov, N. I. (2002) · Natural Hazards · doi:10.1023/a:1015612918401 · Cited by 289 · see citing works
Dynamics of aboveground phytomass of the circumpolar Arctic tundra during the past three decades
Epstein, H. E., Raynolds, M. K., Walker, D. A., Bhatt, U. S., Tucker, C. J., & Pinzón, J. E. D. (2012) · Environmental Research Letters · doi:10.1088/1748-9326/7/1/015506 · Cited by 282 · see citing works
Transitions in Arctic ecosystems: Ecological implications of a changing hydrological regime
Wrona, F. J., Johansson, M., Culp, J. M., Jenkins, A., Mård, J., Myers‐Smith, I. H., Prowse, T. D., Vincent, W. F., & Wookey, P. A. (2016) · Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences · doi:10.1002/2015jg003133 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Global Trends in Seasonality of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), 1982–2011
Eastman, J. R., Sangermano, F., Machado, E., Rogan, J. S., & Anyamba, A. (2013) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs5104799 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
Climate change impacts on wildlife in a High Arctic archipelago – Svalbard, Norway
Descamps, S., Aars, J., Fuglei, E., Kovacs, K. M., Lydersen, C., Pavlova, O., Pedersen, Å. Ø., Ravolainen, V. T., & Strøm, H. (2016) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.13381 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Mysterud, A., Stenseth, N. C., Yoccoz, N. G., Ottersen, G., & Langvatn, R. (2003) · Geophysical monograph · doi:10.1029/134gm11 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Effects of nutrient addition on vegetation and carbon cycling in an ombrotrophic bog
Bubier, J. L., Moore, T. R., & Błędzki, L. A. (2007) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2007.01346.x · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Zhang, K., Kimball, J. S., Mu, Q., Jones, L. A., Goetz, S. J., & Running, S. W. (2009) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2009.09.047 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
How alpine plant growth is linked to snow cover and climate variability
Jonas, T., Rixen, C., Sturm, M., & Stoeckli, V. (2008) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2007jg000680 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Self-citationSchuur, E. A. G., Crummer, K. G., Vogel, J. G., & Mack, M. C. (2007) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-007-9024-0 · Cited by 261 · see citing works
Vegetation of Eurasia from the last glacial maximum to present: Key biogeographic patterns
Binney, H. A., Edwards, M. E., Macias‐Fauria, M., Lozhkin, A., Anderson, P. M., Kaplan, J. O., ANDREEV, A. A., Вячеславовна, Б. Е., Blyakharchuk, T., Jankovská, V., et al. (2016) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.11.022 · Cited by 260 · see citing works
Bacterial and fungal community structure in Arctic tundra tussock and shrub soils
Wallenstein, M. D., McMahon, S. K., & Schimel, J. P. (2007) · FEMS Microbiology Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2006.00260.x · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Eurasian Arctic greening reveals teleconnections and the potential for structurally novel ecosystems
Macias-Fauria, M., Forbes, B. C., Zetterberg, P., & Kumpula, T. (2012) · Nature Climate Change · doi:10.1038/nclimate1558 · Cited by 253 · see citing works
Integrated Regional Changes in Arctic Climate Feedbacks: Implications for the Global Climate System
McGUIRE, A. D., Chapin, F. S., Walsh, J. E., & Wirth, C. (2006) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.31.020105.100253 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Improved fisheries management could offset many negative effects of climate change
Gaines, S. D., Costello, C., Owashi, B., Mangin, T., Bone, J., Molinos, J. G., Burden, M., Dennis, H., Halpern, B. S., Kappel, C. V., et al. (2018) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.aao1378 · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Increased plant biomass in a High Arctic heath community from 1981 to 2008
Hudson, J. M., & Henry, G. H. R. (2009) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/09-0102.1 · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Kullman, L. (2006) · Journal of Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2745.2006.01190.x · Cited by 248 · see citing works
O’Connor, F. M., Boucher, O., Gedney, N., JONES, C. D., Folberth, G., Coppell, R., Friedlingstein, P., Collins, W. J., Chappellaz, J., Ridley, J., et al. (2010) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2010rg000326 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Long-term warming alters the composition of Arctic soil microbial communities
Deslippe, J. R., Hartmann, M., Simard, S. W., & Mohn, W. W. (2012) · FEMS Microbiology Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2012.01350.x · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Landscape Heterogeneity of Shrub Expansion in Arctic Alaska
Tape, K. D., Hallinger, M., Welker, J. M., & Ruess, R. W. (2012) · Ecosystems · doi:10.1007/s10021-012-9540-4 · Cited by 241 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Sturm, M., Racine, C., & Tape, K.
- Affiliations
- Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sturm, Matthew
- ORCID
- Sturm, Matthew
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2001-05
- Volume
- 411
- Issue
- 6837
- Pages
- 546-547
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1488616880
- Cited by
- 1,349
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 57 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 82 · 2019: 47 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 63 · 2016: 71 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 54 · 2013: 81 · 2012: 76
- FWCI
- 22.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Climate change and permafrost
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Polar Research and Ecology
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Indigenous Studies and Ecology
- Keywords
- shrub expansion, Arctic tundra, global warming, vegetation change, aerial photograph comparison, carbon storage, snow trapping, energy allocation, Arctic Alaska
- MeSH terms
- Arctic Regions, Climate, Plants
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
