Cited by 93Complement system in diseasesAcute Kidney Injury ResearchRenal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments

Inflammaging and Complement System: A Link Between Acute Kidney Injury and Chronic Graft Damage

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Franzin, Rossana, Stasi, Alessandra, Fiorentino, Marco, Stallone, Giovanni, Cantaluppi, Vincenzo, Gesualdo, Loreto, Castellano, Giuseppe·2020·Frontiers in Immunology

Abstract

The aberrant activation of complement system in several kidney diseases suggests that this pillar of innate immunity has a critical role in the pathophysiology of renal damage of different etiologies. A growing body of experimental evidence indicates that complement activation contributes to the pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI) such as delayed graft function (DGF) in transplant patients. AKI is characterized by the rapid loss of the kidney’s excretory function and is a complex syndrome currently lacking a specific medical treatment to arrest or attenuate progression in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recent evidence suggests that independently from the initial trigger (i.e., sepsis or ischemia/reperfusions injury), an episode of AKI is strongly associated with an increased risk of subsequent CKD. The AKI-to-CKD transition may involve a wide range of mechanisms including scar-forming myofibroblasts generated from different sources, microvascular rarefaction, mitochondrial dysfunction, or cell cycle arrest by the involvement of epigenetic, gene, and protein alterations leading to common final signaling pathways [i.e., transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), p16ink 4 a, Wnt/β-catenin pathway] involved in renal aging. Research in recent years has revealed that several stressors or complications such as rejection after renal transplantation can lead to accelerated renal aging with detrimental effects with the establishment of chronic proinflammatory cellular phenotypes within the kidney. Despite a greater understanding of these mechanisms, the role of complement system in the context of the AKI-to-CKD transition and renal inflammaging is still poorly explored. The purpose of this review is to summarize recent findings describing the role of complement in AKI-to-CKD transition. We will also address how and when complement inhibitors might be used to prevent AKI and CKD progression, therefore improving graft function.

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  1. [97]Bobka S Ebert N Koertvely E Jacobi J Wiesener M Buttner-Herold M Is early complement activation in renal transplantation associated with later graft outcome? Kidney Blood Press Res. (2018) 43: 1488– 504. 30286468
  2. [271]Merkel PA Niles J Jimenez R Spiera RF Rovin BH Bomback A A randomized clinical trial of CCX168, an orally administered C5AR inhibitor for treatment of patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis. Arthritis Rheumatol. (2016). 68 (suppl 10): 1297. 10.1002/art.39977 27768695 PMC5074546 · DOI

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Authors
Franzin, R., Stasi, A., Fiorentino, M., Stallone, G., Cantaluppi, V., Gesualdo, L., & Castellano, G.
Affiliations
  • Università degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro” (IT)
  • University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
  • University of Foggia (IT)
Corresponding author
  • Franzin, Rossana
  • Castellano, Giuseppe
Venue
Frontiers in Immunology
Published
2020-05-07
Volume
11
Pages
734-734
ISSN
1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3023741319
Cited by
93
References
270
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 9
FWCI
1.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Immunology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Archivio Istituzionale della Ricerca (Universita Degli Studi Di Milano) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Universita degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Complement system in diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Acute Kidney Injury Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Transplantation › Renal Transplantation Outcomes and Treatments
Keywords
inflammaging, complement system, acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, AKI-to-CKD transition, delayed graft function, kidney transplantation, kidney aging, complement inhibitors, TGF-beta signaling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, p16INK4a, graft rejection
MeSH terms
Aging, Animals, Complement System Proteins, Complement Activation, Humans, Kidney, Reperfusion Injury, Kidney Transplantation, Disease Progression, Epigenesis, Genetic, Complement Inactivating Agents, Mice, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic, Delayed Graft Function, Acute Kidney Injury

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