The DOI matches its Crossref record; 156 of the 156 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Biosynthesis, Structure, Function, and Antigenicity: Implications for the Design of Spike-Based Vaccine Immunogens
Open accessAbstract
The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), poses a grave threat to global public health and imposes a severe burden on the entire human society. Like other coronaviruses, the SARS-CoV-2 genome encodes spike (S) glycoproteins, which protrude from the surface of mature virions. The S glycoprotein plays essential roles in virus attachment, fusion and entry into the host cell. Surface location of the S glycoprotein renders it a direct target for host immune responses, making it the main target of neutralizing antibodies. In the light of its crucial roles in viral infection and adaptive immunity, the S protein is the focus of most vaccine strategies as well as therapeutic interventions. In this review, we highlight and describe the recent progress that has been made in the biosynthesis, structure, function, and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 S glycoprotein, aiming to provide valuable insights into the design and development of the S protein-based vaccines as well as therapeutics.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Zhou, P., Yang, X.-L., Wang, X.-G., Hu, B., Zhang, L., Zhang, W., Si, H.-R., Zhu, Y., Li, B., Huang, C.-L., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2012-7 · Cited by 21,969
Hoffmann, M., Kleine-Weber, H., Schroeder, S., Krüger, N., Herrler, T., Erichsen, S., Schiergens, T. S., Herrler, G., Wu, N.-H., Nitsche, A., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052 · Cited by 20,286
A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in China
Wu, F., Zhao, S., Yu, B., Chen, Y.-M., Wang, W., Song, Z.-G., Hu, Y., Tao, Z.-W., Tian, J.-H., Pei, Y.-Y., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2008-3 · Cited by 11,688
An interactive web-based dashboard to track COVID-19 in real time
Dong, E., Du, H., & Gardner, L. (2020) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(20)30120-1 · Cited by 10,048
Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation
Wrapp, D., Wang, N., Corbett, K. S., Goldsmith, J. A., Hsieh, C.-L., Abiona, O., Graham, B. S., & McLellan, J. S. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb2507 · Cited by 8,897
Structure, function and antigenicity of the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein
Walls, A. C., Park, Y.-J., Tortorici, M. A., Wall, A., McGuire, A. T., & Veesler, D. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.02.19.956581 · Cited by 8,586
Coronaviridae Study Group of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, Gorbalenya, A. E., Baker, S. C., Baric, R. S., de Groot, R. J., Drosten, C., Gulyaeva, A. A., Haagmans, B. L., Lauber, C., Leontovich, A. M., et al. (2020) · Nature Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41564-020-0695-z · Cited by 8,403
Structure of the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain bound to the ACE2 receptor
Lan, J., Ge, J., Yu, J., Shan, S., Zhou, H., Fan, S., Zhang, Q., Shi, X., Wang, Q., Zhang, L., et al. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2180-5 · Cited by 5,983
Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronaviruses
Cui, J., Li, F., & Shi, Z.-L. (2019) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-018-0118-9 · Cited by 5,515
The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2
Andersen, K. G., Rambaut, A., Lipkin, W. I., Holmes, E. C., & Garry, R. F. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0820-9 · Cited by 5,081
Cited by
Severe covid-19 pneumonia: pathogenesis and clinical management
Attaway, A. H., Scheraga, R. G., Bhimraj, A., Biehl, M., & Hatipoğlu, U. (2021) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.n436 · Cited by 437
Heinz, F. X., & Stiasny, K. (2021) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-021-00369-6 · Cited by 363
SARS-CoV-2 spreads through cell-to-cell transmission
Zeng, C., Evans, J. P., King, T., Zheng, Y.-M., Oltz, E. M., Whelan, S. P. J., Saif, L. J., Peeples, M. E., & Liu, S.-L. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2111400119 · Cited by 246
Dynamic expedition of leading mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoproteins
Hasan, M., He, Z., Jia, M., Leung, A. C. F., Natarajan, K., Xu, W., Yap, S., Zhou, F., Chen, S., Su, H., et al. (2024) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2024.05.037 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Duan, L., Zheng, Q., Zhang, H., Niu, Y., Lou, Y., & Wang, H.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2020-10-07
- Volume
- 11
- Pages
- 576622-576622
- ISSN
- 1664-3224 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3092192687
- Cited by
- 408
- References
- 156
- FWCI
- 9.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Biosynthesis, Structure, Function, and Antigenicity: Implications for the Design of Spike-Based Vaccine Immunogens. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.3389/fimmu.2020.576622
- The paper
- Duan, L., Zheng, Q., Zhang, H., Niu, Y., Lou, Y., & Wang, H. (2020). The SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein Biosynthesis, Structure, Function, and Antigenicity: Implications for the Design of Spike-Based Vaccine Immunogens. Frontiers in Immunology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.576622
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
