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Unmet Medical Needs in Chronic, Non-communicable Inflammatory Skin Diseases
Open accessAbstract
An estimated 20-25% of the population is affected by chronic, non-communicable inflammatory skin diseases. Chronic skin inflammation has many causes. Among the most frequent chronic inflammatory skin diseases are atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, urticaria, lichen planus, and hidradenitis suppurativa, driven by a complex interplay of genetics and environmental factors. Autoimmunity is another important cause of chronic skin inflammation. The autoimmune response may be mainly T cell driven, such as in alopecia areata or vitiligo, or B cell driven in chronic spontaneous urticaria, pemphigus and pemphigoid diseases. Rare causes of chronic skin inflammation are autoinflammatory diseases, or rheumatic diseases, such as cutaneous lupus erythematosus or dermatomyositis. Whilst we have seen a significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment, several challenges remain. Especially for rarer causes of chronic skin inflammation, early diagnosis is often missed because of low awareness and lack of diagnostics. Systemic immunosuppression is the treatment of choice for almost all of these diseases. Adverse events due to immunosuppression, insufficient therapeutic responses and relapses remain a challenge. For atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, a broad spectrum of innovative treatments has been developed. However, treatment responses cannot be predicted so far. Hence, development of (bio)markers allowing selection of specific medications for individual patients is needed. Given the encouraging developments during the past years, we envision that many of these challenges in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic inflammatory skin diseases will be thoroughly addressed in the future.
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Maurer, M., Giménez‐Arnau, A. M., Sussman, G., Metz, M., Baker, D. R., Bauer, A., Bernstein, J. A., Brehler, R., Chu, C., Chung, W., et al. (2019) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1900408 · Cited by 255
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Increased Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Acne Inversa
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Autoantibody Profile Differentiates between Inflammatory and Noninflammatory Bullous Pemphigoid
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The Interleukin-23/Interleukin-17 Axis Links Adaptive and Innate Immunity in Psoriasis
Schön, M. P., & Erpenbeck, L. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01323 · Cited by 243 · cited 1×
“Communication between these immune cells is mediated by various cytokines including TNFα, IL-17, and IL-23 which have become targets of multiple biologic therapies (64, 65).”
BackgroundJoly, P., Roujeau, J., Bénichou, J., Delaporte, E., D'Incan, M., Dréno, B., Bédane, C., Sparsa, A., Gorin, I., Picard‐Dahan, C., et al. (2009) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2008.412 · Cited by 240
Liu, L., Strassner, J. P., Refat, M. A., Harris, J. E., & King, B. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.05.043 · Cited by 239
Neutrophilic Urticarial Dermatosis
Kieffer, C., Cribier, B. J., & Lipsker, D. M. (2009) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0b013e3181943f5e · Cited by 238
Guidelines for the management of alopecia areata
Hull, S. P. M., Wood, M. L., Hutchinson, P. E., Sladden, M. J., & Messenger, A. G. (2003) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2003.05535.x · Cited by 224
Williams, H. C., Wojnarowska, F., Kirtschig, G., Mason, J. M., Godec, T. R., Schmidt, E., Chalmers, J. R., Childs, M., Walton, S., Harman, K. E., et al. (2017) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(17)30560-3 · Cited by 224
Delayed Diagnosis of Hidradenitis Suppurativa and Its Effect on Patients and Healthcare System
Kokolakis, G., Wolk, K., Schneider‐Burrus, S., Kalus, S., Barbus, S., Gomis-Kleindienst, S., & Sabat, R. (2019) · Dermatology · doi:10.1159/000508787 · Cited by 220 · cited 4×
“the diagnostic criteria are very clear (120).”
BackgroundInfluentialAnti-epiligrin cicatricial pemphigoid and relative risk for cancer
Egan, C. A., Lazarova, Z., Darling, T. N., Yee, C., Coté, T. R., & Yancey, K. B. (2001) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)04971-0 · Cited by 219
Amber, K. T., Murrell, D. F., Schmidt, E., Joly, P., & Borradori, L. (2017) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-017-8633-4 · Cited by 218
Dupilumab as a novel therapy for bullous pemphigoid: A multicenter case series
Abdat, R., Waldman, R. A., Bedout, V. D., Czernik, A., McLeod, M. P., King, B., Gordon, S. C., Ahmed, R., Nichols, A. J., Rothe, M. J., et al. (2020) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.01.089 · Cited by 209
Silverberg, J. I. (2015) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.12685 · Cited by 207
Early Mortality in a Multinational Systemic Sclerosis Inception Cohort
Hao, Y., Hudson, M., Baron, M. G., Carreira, P. E., Stevens, W., Rabusa, C., Tatibouet, S., Carmona, L., Joven, B. E., Huq, M. M., et al. (2016) · Arthritis & Rheumatology · doi:10.1002/art.40027 · Cited by 207
New treatments in atopic dermatitis
Puar, N. K., Chovatiya, R., & Paller, A. S. (2020) · Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.anai.2020.08.016 · Cited by 207
Aetiology and pathogenesis of hidradenitis suppurativa
Wolk, K., Join‐Lambert, O., & Sabat, R. (2020) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/bjd.19556 · Cited by 206 · cited 1×
“This limitation is basically due to our limited understanding of the molecular and immunological processes underling the formation and persistence of skin alterations in HS (138).”
BackgroundIncreased Suicide Risk in Patients with Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Thorlacius, L., Cohen, A. D., Gislason, G., Jemec, G. B. E., & Egeberg, A. (2017) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2017.09.008 · Cited by 204
Hasni, S., Gupta, S., Davis, M., Poncio, E., Temesgen‐Oyelakin, Y., Carlucci, P. M., Wang, X., Naqi, M., Playford, M. P., Goel, R. R., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-23361-z · Cited by 204
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Treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus with acitretin and hydroxychloroquine
Ruzicka, T., Sommerburg, C., Goerz, G., Kind, P., & Mensing, H. (1992) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.1992.tb14851.x · Cited by 201
Understanding human mast cells: lesson from therapies for allergic and non-allergic diseases
Kolkhir, P., Komi, D. E. A., Metz, M., Siebenhaar, F., & Maurer, M. (2021) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00622-y · Cited by 201
Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation for Advanced Systemic Mastocytosis
Üstün, C., Reiter, A., Scott, B. L., Nakamura, R., Damaj, G. L., Kreil, S., Shanley, R., Hogan, W. J., Perales, M., Shore, T. B., et al. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Oncology · doi:10.1200/jco.2014.55.2018 · Cited by 200
Adaptive and Innate Immunity in Psoriasis and Other Inflammatory Disorders
Schön, M. P. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01764 · Cited by 197
Psychiatric comorbidities in 3207 patients with hidradenitis suppurativa
Shavit, E., Dreiher, J., Freud, T., Halevy, S., Vinker, S., & Cohen, A. D. (2014) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.12567 · Cited by 195
Ioannides, D., Vakirlis, E., Kemény, L. V., Marinović, B., Massone, C., Murphy, R., Nast, A., Rønnevig, J., Ruzicka, T., Cooper, S. M., et al. (2020) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.16464 · Cited by 195
Treatment of vitiligo with the topical Janus kinase inhibitor ruxolitinib
Rothstein, B. E., Joshipura, D., Saraiya, A. R., Abdat, R., Ashkar, H., Turkowski, Y., Sheth, V. M., Huang, V., Au, S. C., Kachuk, C., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.02.049 · Cited by 188
Jabbari, A., Sansaricq, F., Cerise, J. E., Chen, J. C., Bitterman, A., Ulerio, G., Borbon, J., Clynes, R., Christiano, A. M., & Mackay-Wiggan, J. M. (2018) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2018.01.032 · Cited by 188 · cited 1×
“Blockade of JAK1/3 and JAK 1/2 by the oral selective inhibitors, tofacitinib, and ruxolitinib, respectively, was shown to be effective in inducing regrowth of hair in AAP and AT/AU patients with active and chronic disease (159, 160).”
BackgroundEthnic differences and comorbidities of 909 prurigo nodularis patients
Boozalis, E., Tang, O., Patel, S. P., Semenov, Y. R., Pereira, M. P., Ständer, S., Kang, S., & Kwatra, S. G. (2018) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2018.04.047 · Cited by 188 · cited 2×
“Among the comorbidities, for example atopic predisposition, atopic dermatitis, bullous pemphigoid, lichen planus, chronic kidney disease, hepatobiliary diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic iron deficiency, HIV, and solid tumors have been reported to be causally related to PN (90).”
BackgroundPrevalence and Age Distribution of Pemphigus and Pemphigoid Diseases in Germany
Hübner, F., Recke, A., Zillikens, D., Linder, R., & Schmidt, E. (2016) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jid.2016.07.013 · Cited by 186 · cited 2×
“pemphigoid Orphan Higher among females None NA (23)”
BackgroundSchmidt, E., Rashid, H., Marzano, A. V., Lamberts, A., Zenzo, G. D., Diercks, G. F. H., Alberti‐Violetti, S., Barry, R. J., Borradori, L., Caproni, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.17395 · Cited by 185
Béné, J., Moulis, G., Bennani, I., Auffret, M., Coupe, P., Babai, S., Hillaire‐Buys, D., Micallef, J., & Gautier, S. (2016) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/bjd.14601 · Cited by 184
Zamanian, R. T., Badesch, D. B., Chung, L. S., Domsic, R. T., Medsger, T. A., Pinckney, A., Keyes-Elstein, L., D’Aveta, C., Spychala, M. E., White, R. J., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.202009-3481oc · Cited by 184
Immune response patterns in non‐communicable inflammatory skin diseases
Eyerich, K., & Eyerich, S. (2017) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.14673 · Cited by 182 · cited 1×
“With the emerge of multidimensional datasets, it has been proposed to classify inflammatory skin diseases based on molecular patterns (5).”
BackgroundQuality of life in cutaneous lupus erythematosus
Klein, R. S., Moghadam‐Kia, S., Taylor, L., Coley, C., Okawa, J., LoMonico, J., Chren, M., & Werth, V. P. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.02.008 · Cited by 181
Iskandar, I. Y. K., Parisi, R., Griffiths, C. E. M., Ashcroft, D. M., & Atlas, T. G. P. (2020) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/bjd.19169 · Cited by 181
Fairley, J. A., Burnett, C. T., Fu, C.-L., Larson, D. L., Fleming, M. G., & Giudice, G. J. (2007) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700958 · Cited by 177
Cuisset, L., Jéru, I., Dumont, B., Fabre, A., Cochet, E., Bozec, J. L., Delpech, M., Amselem, S., & Touitou, I. (2010) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2010.138420 · Cited by 177
Rashid, H., Lamberts, A., Borradori, L., Alberti‐Violetti, S., Barry, R. J., Caproni, M., Carey, B., Carrozzo, M., Caux, F. A., Cianchini, G., et al. (2021) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1111/jdv.17397 · Cited by 174
Passive transfer of anti-laminin 5 antibodies induces subepidermal blisters in neonatal mice.
Lazarova, Z., Yee, C. S. K., Darling, T. N., Briggaman, R. A., & Yancey, K. B. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci118942 · Cited by 172
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Systemic pharmacological treatments for chronic plaque psoriasis: a network meta-analysis
Sbidian, É., Chaimani, A., García-Doval, I., Doney, L., Dressler, C., Hua, C., Hughes, C., Naldi, L., Afach, S., & Cleach, L. L. (2021) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd011535.pub4 · Cited by 172
Association of Bullous Pemphigoid With Dipeptidyl-Peptidase 4 Inhibitors in Patients With Diabetes
Kridin, K., & Bergman, R. (2018) · JAMA Dermatology · doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.2352 · Cited by 170
Kill, A., Tabeling, C., Undeutsch, R., Kühl, A. A., Günther, J., Radić, M., Becker, M. O., Heidecke, H., Worm, M., Witzenrath, M., et al. (2014) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/ar4457 · Cited by 166
Antigen-specific B cell depletion for precision therapy of mucosal pemphigus vulgaris
Lee, J., Lundgren, D. K., Mao, X., Vieira, S. M., Nuñez-Cruz, S., Williams, E. F., Assenmacher, C., Radaelli, E., Oh, S., Wang, B., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci138416 · Cited by 166 · cited 2×
“Alopecia Areata Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune skin disease that affects ∼2% of the worldwide population (19).”
BackgroundInterstitial lung disease in polymyositis and dermatomyositis
Fathi, M., & Lundberg, I. E. (2005) · Current Opinion in Rheumatology · doi:10.1097/01.bor.0000179949.65895.53 · Cited by 158
New and Emerging Systemic Treatments for Atopic Dermatitis
Newsom, M. R., Bashyam, A. M., Balogh, E. A., Feldman, S. R., & Strowd, L. C. (2020) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-020-01335-7 · Cited by 154 · cited 1×
“There are many exciting new mechanisms of action in development (or very recently approved) to treat atopic dermatitis including aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists, commensal bacteria, JAK inhibitors (JAKi), and new biologics that target IL-13, IL-31, IL-33, and OX-40 (59, 60).”
BackgroundSitaru, C., Dähnrich, C., Probst, C., Komorowski, L., Blöcker, I.-M., Schmidt, E., Schlumberger, W., Rosé, C., STÖCKER, W., & Zillikens, D. (2007) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2007.00592.x · Cited by 153
Oldroyd, A. G. S., Allard, A., Callen, J. P., Chinoy, H., Chung, L. S., Fiorentino, D. F., George, M., Gordon, P., Kolstad, K., Kurtzman, D. J. B., et al. (2021) · Lara D. Veeken · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/keab166 · Cited by 153
van der Zee, H. H., van der Woude, C. J., Florencia, E. F., & Prens, E. P. (2009) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09430.x · Cited by 151
Placebo-controlled oral pulse prednisolone therapy in alopecia areata
Kar, B. R., Handa, S., Dogra, S., & Kumar, B. (2005) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2004.10.873 · Cited by 148
Comorbidities in vitiligo: comprehensive review
Dahir, A. M., & Thomsen, S. F. (2018) · International Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/ijd.14055 · Cited by 148
Cutaneous Manifestations of Dermatomyositis: a Comprehensive Review
Mainetti, C., Beretta‐Piccoli, B. T., & Selmi, C. F. (2017) · Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology · doi:10.1007/s12016-017-8652-1 · Cited by 143
Efficacy of topical sensitizers in the treatment of alopecia areata
Rokhsar, C. K., Shupack, J. L., Vafai, J. J., & Washenik, K. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(98)70048-9 · Cited by 142 · cited 1×
“In this line of therapy, potent contact allergens such as 1chloro, 2, 4, dinitrobenzene (DNCB), diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP), or squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) are applied weekly onto the lesion to induce mild contact dermatitis, which via yet incompletely understood molecular mechanism, results in regrowth of ha…”
BackgroundEpidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita: The 2019 Update
Koga, H., Prost‐Squarcioni, C., Iwata, H., Jonkman, M. F., Ludwig, R. J., & Bieber, K. (2019) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00362 · Cited by 141
Boch, K., Langan, E. A., Kridin, K., Zillikens, D., Ludwig, R. J., & Bieber, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.737813 · Cited by 141
Papa, R., & Lachmann, H. (2018) · Rheumatic Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.rdc.2018.06.004 · Cited by 139
Sánchez‐Borges, M., Ansotegui, I. J., Baiardini, I., Bernstein, J., Canonica, G. W., Ebisawa, M., Gómez, M. R., Díaz, S. N. G., Martin, B. L., Morais‐Almeida, M., et al. (2021) · World Allergy Organization Journal · doi:10.1016/j.waojou.2021.100533 · Cited by 138
Diagnosis of Autoimmune Blistering Diseases
Witte, M., Zillikens, D., & Schmidt, E. (2018) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00296 · Cited by 137
Kridin, K., & Schmidt, E. (2021) · JID Innovations · doi:10.1016/j.xjidi.2021.100004 · Cited by 135 · cited 1×
“Overall, pemphigus is associated with significant morbidity and mortality (22, 189).”
BackgroundTofacitinib Citrate for Refractory Cutaneous Dermatomyositis
Kurtzman, D. J. B., Wright, N. A., Lin, J., Femia, A. N., Merola, J. F., Patel, M., & Vleugels, R. A. (2016) · JAMA Dermatology · doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2016.0866 · Cited by 133
Lichen Planus Pemphigoides: From Lichenoid Inflammation to Autoantibody-Mediated Blistering
Hübner, F., Langan, E. A., & Recke, A. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01389 · Cited by 132
Pelle, M. T., & Callen, J. P. (2002) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.138.9.1231 · Cited by 131
A CASE OF COLD URTICARIA WITH AN UNUSUAL FAMILY HISTORY
Kile, R. L., & Rusk, H. A. (1940) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.1940.62810120003010b · Cited by 130
Therapeutic Targeting of Th17/Tc17 Cells Leads to Clinical Improvement of Lichen Planus
Solimani, F., Pollmann, R., Schmidt, T., Schmidt, A., Zheng, X., Savai, R., Mühlenbein, S., Pickert, J., Eubel, V., Möbs, C., et al. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01808 · Cited by 125 · cited 4×
“Indeed, some clinical variants are characterized by a refractory course, especially LPP, ulcerative oral LP and genital LP (14, 109).”
BackgroundInfluentialIFSI-guideline on chronic prurigo including prurigo nodularis
Ständer, S., Pereira, M. P., Berger, T. G., Zeidler, C., Augustin, M., Bobko, S., Brenaut, E., Chen, S. C., Chisolm, S., Dalgard, F. J., et al. (2020) · Itch · doi:10.1097/itx.0000000000000042 · Cited by 122 · cited 2×
“The first international guideline on diagnostic and therapy of PN recommends a laddered approach to treat PN (98).”
BackgroundPULSED ADMINISTRATION OF CORTICOSTEROIDS IN THE TREATMENT OF ALOPECIA AREATA
Sharma, V. (1996) · International Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-4362.1996.tb03281.x · Cited by 121
Humoral Epitope Spreading in Autoimmune Bullous Diseases
Didona, D., & Zenzo, G. D. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00779 · Cited by 121
Karnell, J. L., Wu, Y., Mittereder, N., Smith, M. A., Gunsior, M., Yan, L., Casey, K. A., Hénault, J., Riggs, J. M., Nicholson, S. M., et al. (2021) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.abf8442 · Cited by 121
Callen, J. P. (1991) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.127.4.515 · Cited by 120
King, B., Ko, J., Forman, S. B., Ohyama, M., Mesinkovska, N. A., Yu, G., McCollam, J. S., Gamalo, M., Janes, J., Edson‐Heredia, E., et al. (2021) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2021.05.050 · Cited by 119
Du, G., Patzelt, S., van Beek, N., & Schmidt, E. (2022) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103036 · Cited by 118
Kimball, A. B., Leonardi, C., Stahle, M., Gulliver, W., Chevrier, M., Fakharzadeh, S., Goyal, K., Calabro, S., Langholff, W., Menter, A., et al. (2014) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/bjd.13013 · Cited by 117
Sensitive and specific assays for routine serological diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Komorowski, L., Müller, R., Vorobyev, A., Probst, C., Recke, A., Jonkman, M. F., Hashimoto, T., Kim, S., Groves, R. W., Ludwig, R. J., et al. (2012) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2011.12.032 · Cited by 116
Quality of life in dermatomyositis
Goreshi, R., Chock, M., Foering, K., Feng, R., Okawa, J., Rose, M., Fiorentino, D. F., & Werth, V. P. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.10.016 · Cited by 116
Periostin Activation of Integrin Receptors on Sensory Neurons Induces Allergic Itch
Mishra, S. K., Wheeler, J. J., Pitake, S., Ding, H., Jiang, C., Fukuyama, T., Paps, J. S., Ralph, P., Coyne, J., Parkington, M. K., et al. (2020) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.036 · Cited by 116 · cited 1×
“In addition to IL-31, also upregulated periostin might promote fibrosis formation by releasing IL31 from various immune cells (94, 95) from various immune cells.”
BackgroundZone, J. J., Taylor, T. B., Hull, C. M., Schmidt, L. A., & Meyer, L. (2007) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/sj.jid.5700681 · Cited by 115
Halvorsen, J. A., Lien, L., Dalgard, F. J., Bjertness, E., & Stern, R. S. (2014) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2014.70 · Cited by 114
Atopic dermatitis in Chinese patients shows TH2/TH17 skewing with psoriasiform features
Chan, T. C., Sanyal, R. D., Pavel, A. B., Glickman, J., Zheng, X., Xu, H., Cho, Y.-T., Tsai, T.-F., Wen, H.-C., Peng, X., et al. (2018) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2018.06.016 · Cited by 114 · cited 1×
“Asians may manifest with well-demarcated lesions and skin of color patients may have increased xerosis, follicular eczema, and post-inflammatory pigmentation changes (51).”
BackgroundAutoimmune Diseases Are Linked to Type IIb Autoimmune Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria
Kolkhir, P., Altrichter, S., Asero, R., Daschner, Á., Ferrer, M., Giménez‐Arnau, A. M., Hawro, T., Jakob, T., Kinaciyan, T., Kromminga, A., et al. (2021) · Allergy Asthma and Immunology Research · doi:10.4168/aair.2021.13.4.545 · Cited by 113
Epidermolysis Bullosa Acquisita: A Retrospective Clinical Analysis of 30 Cases
Kim, S., Kim, J.-H., & Kim, Y. H. (2011) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-1065 · Cited by 108
Treatment of alopecia areata with diphenylcyclopropenone
van der Steen, P. H. M., van Baar, H. M. J., Perret, C. M., & Happle, R. (1991) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/0190-9622(91)70037-3 · Cited by 106 · cited 1×
“In this line of therapy, potent contact allergens such as 1chloro, 2, 4, dinitrobenzene (DNCB), diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP), or squaric acid dibutyl ester (SADBE) are applied weekly onto the lesion to induce mild contact dermatitis, which via yet incompletely understood molecular mechanism, results in regrowth of ha…”
BackgroundNon-Desmoglein Antibodies in Patients With Pemphigus Vulgaris
Amber, K. T., Valdebran, M., & Grando, S. A. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01190 · Cited by 106
Atopic dermatitis epidemiology and unmet need in the United Kingdom
Cork, M. J., Danby, S. G., & Ogg, G. S. (2019) · Journal of Dermatological Treatment · doi:10.1080/09546634.2019.1655137 · Cited by 106 · cited 1×
“While a type 2 immune response with elevated levels of IL-4 and IL-13 predominate in the acute phase, chronically, a mixed response of Th1, Th17, and Th22 immune cells is observed (47).”
BackgroundDupilumab for the Treatment of Recalcitrant Bullous Pemphigoid
Kaye, A. J., Gordon, S. C., Deverapalli, S. C., Her, M. J., & Rosmarin, D. M. (2018) · JAMA Dermatology · doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2018.2526 · Cited by 105
Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: A comprehensive review
Kridin, K., Kneiber, D., Kowalski, E. H., Valdebran, M., & Amber, K. T. (2019) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2019.06.007 · Cited by 105
Arana, A., Wentworth, C. E., Vidaurre, C. F., Schlienger, R. G., Condé, E., & Arellano, F. M. (2010) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.09887.x · Cited by 104
Bernard, P., Antonicelli, F. D., Bédane, C., Joly, P., Roux‐Villet, C. L., Duvert‐Lehembre, S., Rousselle, P., & Prost‐Squarcioni, C. (2013) · JAMA Dermatology · doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.1434 · Cited by 102
Lichen planus of the esophagus: What dermatologists need to know
Fox, L. P., Lightdale, C. J., & Grossman, M. E. (2011) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2010.03.029 · Cited by 101
Dermatomyositis: A dermatology-based case series
Dawkins, M. A., Jorizzo, J. L., Walker, F. O., Albertson, D. A., Sinal, S. H., & Hinds, A. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/s0190-9622(98)70496-7 · Cited by 100
Callen, J. P. (1991) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.1991.04510010083008 · Cited by 100
Granzyme B inhibition reduces disease severity in autoimmune blistering diseases
Hiroyasu, S., Zeglinski, M. R., Zhao, H., Pawluk, M. A., Turner, C. T., Kasprick, A., Tateishi, C., Nishie, W., Burleigh, A., Lennox, P. A., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-020-20604-3 · Cited by 99
How not to miss autoinflammatory diseases masquerading as urticaria
Krause, K., Grattan, C., Bindslev‐Jensen, C., Gattorno, M., Kallinich, T., de Koning, H. D., Lachmann, H. J., Lipsker, D. M., Navarini, A. A., Simon, A., et al. (2012) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.12030 · Cited by 98
Chasset, F., Bouaziz, J., Costedoat-Chalumeau, N., Francès, C., & Arnaud, L. (2017) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/bjd.15312 · Cited by 96
Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Dermatomyositis: A Population‐Based Cohort Study
Kronzer, V. L., Kimbrough, B. A., Crowson, C. S., Davis, J. M., Holmqvist, M. E., & Ernste, F. C. (2021) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/acr.24786 · Cited by 96
Spindler, V., Rötzer, V., Dehner, C. A., Kempf, B., Gliem, M., Radeva, M. Y., Hartlieb, E., Harms, G. S., Schmidt, E., & Waschke, J. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci60139 · Cited by 95
Zumelzu, C., Roux‐Villet, C. L., Loiseau, P., Busson, M., Heller, M., Aucouturier, F., Pendaries, V., Lievre, N., Pascal, F., Brette, M.-D., et al. (2011) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1038/jid.2011.231 · Cited by 95
Diagnosis of autoimmune bullous diseases
van Beek, N., Zillikens, D., & Schmidt, E. (2018) · JDDG Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft · doi:10.1111/ddg.13637 · Cited by 95
Lichen planus – a clinical guide
Solimani, F., Forchhammer, S., Schloegl, A., Ghoreschi, K., & Meier, K. (2021) · JDDG Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft · doi:10.1111/ddg.14565 · Cited by 95 · cited 8×
“Patients affected by LPP may experience itching, burning of the scalp, and hair fragility.”
BackgroundInfluentialWolk, K., Wenzel, J., Tsaousi, A., Witte‐Händel, E., Babel, N., Zelenak, C., Volk, H., Sterry, W., Schneider‐Burrus, S., & Sabat, R. (2017) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/bjd.15424 · Cited by 94
Rodriguez, T. A., Fernandes, K. E., Dresser, K. L., & Duvic, M. A. (2010) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2009.02.006 · Cited by 92 · cited 1×
“Despite the significant improvements in our understanding of the pathophysiology of AA, future research is warranted to understand the contribution of environmental triggers to AA pathogenesis, since only a 55% concordance rate was observed in monozygotic twins, suggesting other factors contribute to disease onset (16…”
BackgroundMuramatsu, K., Ujiie, H., Kobayashi, I., Nishie, W., Izumi, K., Ito, T., Yoshimoto, N., Natsuga, K., Iwata, H., & Shimizu, H. (2018) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2018.03.014 · Cited by 92
Iwata, H., Vorobyev, A., Koga, H., Recke, A., Zillikens, D., Prost‐Squarcioni, C., Ishii, N., Hashimoto, T., & Ludwig, R. J. (2018) · Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases · doi:10.1186/s13023-018-0896-1 · Cited by 92
Depression is a frequent co‐morbidity in patients with acne inversa
Kurek, A., Peters, E. M. J., Sabat, R., Sterry, W., & Schneider‐Burrus, S. (2013) · JDDG Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft · doi:10.1111/ddg.12067 · Cited by 91
Blöcker, I.-M., Dähnrich, C., Probst, C., Komorowski, L., Saschenbrecker, S., Schlumberger, W., STÖCKER, W., Zillikens, D., & Schmidt, E. (2012) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2012.10820.x · Cited by 91
Topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment for refractory skin disease in dermatomyositis: a pilot study
Hollar, C. B., & Jorizzo, J. (2004) · Journal of Dermatological Treatment · doi:10.1080/09546630310018509 · Cited by 91
Alopecia areata: Part 1: pathogenesis, diagnosis, and prognosis.
Spano, F., & Donovan, J. (2015) · PubMed · Cited by 91
Schnitzler syndrome: validation and applicability of diagnostic criteria in real-life patients
Gusdorf, L., Asli, B., Barbarot, S., Néel, A., MASSEAU, A., Puéchal, X., Gottenberg, J., Grateau, G., Blanchard‐Delaunay, C., Rizzi, R., et al. (2016) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.13035 · Cited by 91
Clinical features and diagnosis of epidermolysis bullosa acquisita
Vorobyev, A., Ludwig, R. J., & Schmidt, E. (2016) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2016.1221343 · Cited by 91
Italian Guidelines in diagnosis and treatment of alopecia areata
Rossi, A., Muscianese, M., Piraccini, B. M., Starace, M. V. R., Carlesimo, M., Mandel, V. D., Alessandrini, A. M., Calvieri, S., Caro, G., D’Arino, A., et al. (2019) · Giornale Italiano di Dermatologia e Venereologia · doi:10.23736/s0392-0488.19.06458-7 · Cited by 91 · cited 2×
“Dermatoscopic findings in AA may vary depending on the specific disease phase (146).”
BackgroundZink, A., Arents, B. W. M., Fink‐Wagner, A., Seitz, I., Mensing, U., Wettemann, N., Carlo, G., & Ring, J. (2018) · Acta Dermato Venereologica · doi:10.2340/00015555-3102 · Cited by 90
Subepidermal autoimmune bullous diseases: overview, epidemiology, and associations
Kridin, K. (2017) · Immunologic Research · doi:10.1007/s12026-017-8975-2 · Cited by 89
Dermatomyositis: Current concepts
Bogdanov, I., Kazandjieva, J., Darlenski, R., & Tsankov, N. (2018) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.04.003 · Cited by 89
Nonbullous pemphigoid: A systematic review
Lamberts, A., Meijer, J. M., & Jonkman, M. F. (2017) · Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2017.10.035 · Cited by 87
Aróstegui, J. I., Saldaña, M. D. L., Pascal, M., Clemente, D., Aymerich, M., Balaguer, F., Goel, A., del Castillo, C. F., Rius, J., Plaza, S., et al. (2010) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.27342 · Cited by 86
Antiepiligrin Cicatricial Pemphigoid
Leverkus, M., Schmidt, E., Lazarova, Z., Bröcker, E.-B., Yancey, K. B., & Zillikens, D. (1999) · Archives of Dermatology · doi:10.1001/archderm.135.9.1091 · Cited by 86
Fichel, F., Barbe, C., Joly, P., Bédane, C., Vabres, P., Truchetet, F., Aubin, F., Michel, C., Jegou, J., Grange, F., et al. (2013) · JAMA Dermatology · doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2013.5757 · Cited by 86
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 389 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bieber, K., Hundt, J. E., Yu, X., Ehlers, M., Petersen, F., Karsten, C. M., Köhl, J., Kridin, K., Kalies, K., Kasprick, A., et al. (2022) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103236 · Cited by 135
Comprehensive Insight into Lichen Planus Immunopathogenesis
Vičić, M., Hlača, N., Kaštelan, M., Brajac, I., Tokmadžić, V. S., & Massari, L. P. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24033038 · Cited by 123
“Skin LP is generally followed by severe pruritus, whose intensity corresponds to the affected surface but lacks visible scratches or secondary infections [5].”
BackgroundInfluentialHidradenitis suppurativa: new insights into disease mechanisms and an evolving treatment landscape
Krueger, J. G., Frew, J. W., Jemec, G. B. E., Kimball, A. B., Kirby, B., Bechara, F. G., Navrazhina, K., Prens, E. P., Reich, K., Cullen, E., et al. (2023) · British Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1093/bjd/ljad345 · Cited by 115
Systematic Review of Deep Learning Image Analyses for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Skin Disease
Choy, S. P., Kim, B. J., Paolino, A., Tan, W. R., Lim, S. M. L., Seo, J., Tan, S. P., Francis, L., Tsakok, T., Simpson, M., et al. (2023) · npj Digital Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41746-023-00914-8 · Cited by 105
Therapeutic strategies for oral lichen planus: State of the art and new insights
Didona, D., Caro, R. D. C., Santos, A. M. S., Solimani, F., & Hertl, M. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.997190 · Cited by 101
“89% and it is more commonly diagnosed in the female population (1, 2).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Ujiie, H., Rosmarin, D., Schön, M. P., Ständer, S., Boch, K., Metz, M., Maurer, M., Thaci, D., Schmidt, E., Cole, C., Amber, K. T., Didona, D., Hertl, M., Recke, A., Graßhoff, H., Hackel, A., Schumann, A., Riemekasten, G., Bieber, K., Sprow, G., Dan, J., Zillikens, D., Sezin, T., Christiano, A. M., Wolk, K., Sabat, R., Kridin, K., Werth, V. P., & Ludwig, R. J.
- Affiliations
- Hokkaido University (JP)
- Tufts Medical Center (US)
- Universitätsmedizin Göttingen (DE)
- University Hospital Münster (DE)
- University of Lübeck (DE)
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin (DE)
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Philipps University of Marburg (DE)
- Philadelphia VA Medical Center (US)
- Columbia University Irving Medical Center (US)
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Ludwig, Ralf J.
- ORCID
- Ujiie, Hideyuki
- Rosmarin, David
- Schön, Michael P.
- Ständer, Sonja
- Boch, Katharina
- Metz, Martin
- Maurer, Marcus
- Schmidt, Enno
- Cole, Connor
- Amber, Kyle T.
- Didona, Dario
- Hertl, Michael
- Recke, Andreas
- Graßhoff, Hanna
- Hackel, Alexander
- Riemekasten, Gabriela
- Bieber, Katja
- Dan, Joshua
- Zillikens, Detlef
- Sezin, Tanya
- Christiano, Angela M.
- Wolk, Kerstin
- Sabat, Robert
- Kridin, Khalaf
- Werth, Victoria P.
- Ludwig, Ralf J.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Medicine
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2022-06-09
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 875492-875492
- ISSN
- 2296-858X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9218547
- OpenAlex
- W4285740668
- Cited by
- 158
- References
- 389
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 12
- FWCI
- 6.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- GoeScholar The Publication Server of the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (EXC 2167, FOR 2497, FOR 2690, RI/1056-11,, SFB 1526)
- National Institutes of Health (R01AR071653, R01AR076766)
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (CRSII5_202301/1)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases
- Keywords
- chronic inflammatory skin disease, unmet medical needs, atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, urticaria, lichen planus, hidradenitis suppurativa, alopecia areata, vitiligo, pemphigus, pemphigoid diseases, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, autoinflammatory disease, systemic immunosuppression, biomarkers, treatment response prediction, early diagnosis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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