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Cited by 12T-cell and Retrovirus StudiesHIV/AIDS Research and InterventionsHIV Research and Treatment

HTLV-1 Transmission and HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis: A Scoping Review

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Bradshaw, Daniel, Taylor, Graham Philip·2022·Frontiers in Medicine
DOI 10.3389/fmed.2022.881547PMC PMC9103472
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Abstract

HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (HIV-PrEP) is effective in reducing the likelihood of HIV acquisition in HIV-negative people at high risk of exposure. Guidelines recommend testing for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) before starting, and periodically on PrEP, including bacterial infections, HIV, hepatitis C virus, and, for those who are non-immune, hepatitis B virus. Diagnosed infections can be promptly treated to reduce onward transmission. HTLV-1 is not mentioned; however, it is predominantly sexually transmitted, causes adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATL) or myelopathy in 10% of those infected, and is associated with an increased risk of death in those without any classically HTLV-associated condition. The 2021 WHO Technical Report on HTLV-1 called for the strengthening of global public health measures against its spread. In this scoping review, we, therefore, (1) discuss the epidemiological context of HIV-PrEP and HTLV-1 transmission; (2) present current knowledge of antiretrovirals in relation to HTLV-1 transmission prevention, including nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs); and (3) identify knowledge gaps where data are urgently required to inform global public health measures to protect HIV-PrEP users from HTLV-1 acquisition. We suggest that systematic seroprevalence studies among PrEP-using groups, including men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWIDs), and female sex workers (FSWs), are needed. Further data are required to evaluate antiretroviral efficacy in preventing HTLV-1 transmission from in vitro studies, animal models, and clinical cohorts. PrEP delivery programmes should consider prioritizing the long-acting injectable INSTI, cabotegravir, in HTLV-1 endemic settings.

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  • There are currently no studies that have evaluated the plausibility of HTLV-PrEP.

    “Despite this, there are currently no studies that have evaluated the plausibility of HTLV-PrEP [270].”

    From Current State of Therapeutics for HTLV-1 (2024) · cites this paper as [270]

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Sorted by citations

  • Current State of Therapeutics for HTLV-1

    Wang, T. T., Hirons, A., Doerflinger, M., Morris, K. V., Ledger, S., Purcell, D. F. J., Kelleher, A. D., & Ahlenstiel, C. L. (2024) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v16101616 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

    “This follows precedent set by the success of the mRNA COVID-19 vaccines and the five FDA-approved siRNA therapeutics and further highlights the potential for antiviral RNA-based therapeutics.”
    Background

Authors
Bradshaw, D., & Taylor, G. P.
Affiliations
Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust (GB)
Corresponding author
Bradshaw, Daniel
ORCID
Venue
Frontiers in Medicine
Publisher
Frontiers Media SA
Published
2022-04-29
Volume
9
Pages
881547-881547
ISSN
2296-858X (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3389/fmed.2022.881547
PMC
PMC9103472
OpenAlex
W4225087529
Cited by
12
References
4
Citations by year
2025: 1 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 1
FWCI
0.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Frontiers in Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and Retrovirus Studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › HIV Research and Treatment
Keywords
HTLV-1, HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis, adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, sexually transmitted infections, antiretroviral drugs, integrase strand transfer inhibitors, cabotegravir, long-acting injectable PrEP, seroprevalence, men who have sex with men, people who inject drugs, female sex workers

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