Gut Microbiota in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Correlation With Diet and Clinical Manifestations
Open accessAbstract
Despite the existing studies relating systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) to changes in gut microbiota, the latter is affected by external factors such as diet and living environment. Herein, we compared the diversity and composition of gut microbiota in SLE patients and in their healthy family members who share the same household, to link gut microbiota, diet and SLE clinical manifestations. The study cohort included 19 patients with SLE and 19 of their healthy family members. Daily nutrition was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Microbiota was analyzed using amplicons from the V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene, to obtain microbiota diversity, taxa relative abundances and network analysis. The gut microbiota in the SLE group had lower alpha diversity and higher heterogeneity than the control group. SLE patients had decreased Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Nitrospirae and Planctomycetes at the phylum level, and increased Streptococcus, Veillonella, Clostridium_XI, and Rothia at the genus level. Streptococcus was extremely enriched among patients with lupus nephritis. Lactobacillus, Clostridium_XlVa, Lachnospiracea_incertae_sedis and Parasutterella OTUs were associated with diet and clinical features of SLE. Finally, the gut microbiota of SLE patients remained different from that in healthy controls even after accounting for living conditions and diet.
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Through the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and dopamine, psychobiotics contribute to mood regulation and stress response, potentially alleviating depressive and anxious feelings.
“Through the synthesis of neurotransmitters like serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid, and dopamine, psychobiotics contribute to mood regulation and stress response, potentially alleviating depressive and anxious feelings.”
From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
The Discussion (page unavailable) addresses gut microbes, diet, and lupus symptoms, including a possible probiotic effect on lupus, but not mood or stress. Searches for psychobiotics, serotonin, and neurotransmitter production found no passage linking these microbes to relief of depressive or anxious feelings. (LLM, conf=0.77)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPsychobiotics impact the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, reducing stress hormone levels and promoting mental well-being.
“Psychobiotics impact the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, reducing stress hormone levels and promoting mental well-being.”
From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
The Discussion passage addresses gut microbiota, diet, and lupus symptoms, but not psychobiotics or mental well-being. Searches of the indexed copy for the HPA axis, stress hormones, cortisol, and related terms found no passage addressing the attributed claim; the returned matches were references on other topics. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPsychobiotics, encompassing probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics, have been shown to modulate the gut microbiota, stimulate the development of beneficial bacteria, and alleviate conditions linked to gut dysbiosis, such as depression and anxiety.
“Supported by a body of studies (19, 32, 41–43), psychobiotics have been shown to modulate the gut microbiota, stimulate the development of beneficial bacteria, and alleviate conditions linked to gut dysbiosis, such as depression and anxiety.”
From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
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Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPsychobiotics may enhance synaptic plasticity, neurotrophic factor production, and maintain the blood-brain barrier's integrity, positively impacting learning, memory retention, and brain health.
“Psychobiotics may enhance synaptic plasticity, neurotrophic factor production, and maintain the blood–brain barrier’s integrity, positively impacting learning, memory retention, and brain health.”
From Unveiling the therapeutic symphony of probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in gut-immune harmony (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
The Discussion and Conclusion (pages not available in our copy) address gut microbiota, diet, and clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Searches for psychobiotics, synaptic plasticity, neurotrophic factors, blood–brain barrier integrity, learning, and memory found no passage addressing the attributed effects. (LLM, conf=0.74)
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Hu, J., Ke, S., Mo, L., Zhu, G., Wu, Z., & Chen, Y. (2026) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom16101525
- Authors
- Wang, X., Shu, Q., Song, L., Liu, Q., Qu, X., & Li, M.
- Affiliations
- Shandong University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Li, Ming
- Venue
- Frontiers in Medicine
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2022-06-30
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 915179-915179
- ISSN
- 2296-858X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9279557
- OpenAlex
- W4283717202
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 10
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- systemic lupus erythematosus, gut microbiota, diet, lupus nephritis, Streptococcus, Parasutterella, Veillonella, microbiome diversity, clinical features
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