The DOI matches its Crossref record; 173 of the 173 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Butyrate producers, “The Sentinel of Gut”: Their intestinal significance with and beyond butyrate, and prospective use as microbial therapeutics
Open accessAbstract
Gut-microbial butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) of significant physiological importance than the other major SCFAs (acetate and propionate). Most butyrate producers belong to the Clostridium cluster of the phylum Firmicutes, such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Eubacterium, Anaerostipes, Coprococcus, Subdoligranulum, and Anaerobutyricum. They metabolize carbohydrates via the butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase pathway and butyrate kinase terminal enzymes to produce most of butyrate. Although, in minor fractions, amino acids can also be utilized to generate butyrate via glutamate and lysine pathways. Butyrogenic microbes play a vital role in various gut-associated metabolisms. Butyrate is used by colonocytes to generate energy, stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor to maintain the anaerobic environment in the gut, maintains gut barrier integrity by regulating Claudin-1 and synaptopodin expression, limits pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12), and inhibits oncogenic pathways (Akt/ERK, Wnt, and TGF-β signaling). Colonic butyrate producers shape the gut microbial community by secreting various anti-microbial substances, such as cathelicidins, reuterin, and β-defensin-1, and maintain gut homeostasis by releasing anti-inflammatory molecules, such as IgA, vitamin B, and microbial anti-inflammatory molecules. Additionally, butyrate producers, such as Roseburia, produce anti-carcinogenic metabolites, such as shikimic acid and a precursor of conjugated linoleic acid. In this review, we summarized the significance of butyrate, critically examined the role and relevance of butyrate producers, and contextualized their importance as microbial therapeutics.
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Cites
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Short-chain fatty acids: Linking diet, the microbiome and immunity
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Short-Chain Fatty-Acid-Producing Bacteria: Key Components of the Human Gut Microbiota
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Gut microbial metabolites in cancer therapy
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Metadata
- Authors
- Singh, V., Lee, G., Son, H., Koh, H., Kim, E. S., Unno, T., & Shin, J.-H.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Microbiology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2023-01-12
- Volume
- 13
- Pages
- 1103836-1103836
- ISSN
- 1664-302X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4315796652
- Cited by
- 705
- References
- 173
- FWCI
- 52.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
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- Singh, V., Lee, G., Son, H., Koh, H., Kim, E. S., Unno, T., & Shin, J.-H. (2023). Butyrate producers, “The Sentinel of Gut”: Their intestinal significance with and beyond butyrate, and prospective use as microbial therapeutics. Frontiers in Microbiology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1103836
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