The DOI matches its Crossref record; 84 of the 84 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Inputs to the Dorsal Striatum of the Mouse Reflect the Parallel Circuit Architecture of the Forebrain
Open accessAbstract
The basal ganglia play a critical role in the regulation of voluntary action in vertebrates. Our understanding of the function of the basal ganglia relies heavily upon anatomical information, but continued progress will require an understanding of the specific functional roles played by diverse cell types and their connectivity. An increasing number of mouse lines allow extensive identification, characterization, and manipulation of specified cell types in the basal ganglia. Despite the promise of genetically modified mice for elucidating the functional roles of diverse cell types, there is relatively little anatomical data obtained directly in the mouse. Here we have characterized the retrograde labeling obtained from a series of tracer injections throughout the dorsal striatum of adult mice. We found systematic variations in input along both the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior neuraxes in close agreement with canonical features of basal ganglia anatomy in the rat. In addition to the canonical features we have provided experimental support for the importance of non-canonical inputs to the striatum from the raphe nuclei and the amygdala. To look for organization at a finer scale we have analyzed the correlation structure of labeling intensity across our entire dataset. Using this analysis we found substantial local heterogeneity within the large-scale order. From this analysis we conclude that individual striatal sites receive varied combinations of cortical and thalamic input from multiple functional areas, consistent with some earlier studies in the rat that have suggested the presence of a combinatorial map.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“It sends a direct excitatory projection to the DMS30,31.”
From A dual-pathway architecture for stress to disrupt agency and promote habit (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“It sends a direct, likely inhibitory33, projection to the striatum30,34,35 and is, thus, poised to oppose striatal activity.”
From A dual-pathway architecture for stress to disrupt agency and promote habit (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“rabies-labeled, DMS D1-projecting cell bodies in the BLA and CeA (right), consistent with prior reports30,34.”
From A dual-pathway architecture for stress to disrupt agency and promote habit (2025) · cites this paper as [30]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G. (2001) · Cited by 12,859
The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders
Albin, R. L., Young, A. B., & Penney, J. B. (1989) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/0166-2236(89)90074-x · Cited by 5,353 · cited 1×
“The profound effects of pathological disruptions have indicated a critical role for the processing of excitatory input within the striatum (Albin et al., 1989).”
BackgroundPaxinos, G. (1985) · Cited by 3,715
THE BASAL GANGLIA: FOCUSED SELECTION AND INHIBITION OF COMPETING MOTOR PROGRAMS
Mink, J. W. (1996) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/s0301-0082(96)00042-1 · Cited by 2,478 · cited 1×
“The topographical organization of inputs to and outputs from the striatum has long played a central role in both theory and the interpretation of functional data in the basal ganglia (Ragsdale and Graybiel, 1990; Mink, 1996).”
BackgroundEmotion and motivation: the role of the amygdala, ventral striatum, and prefrontal cortex
Cardinal, R. N., Parkinson, J. A., Hall, J., & Everitt, B. J. (2002) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(02)00007-6 · Cited by 2,129 · cited 1×
“However, while projections from the amygdala to the ventral striatum have indeed received quite a lot of attention (Gray, 1999; Cardinal et al., 2002; Floresco et al., 2008; Belin et al., 2009; Humphries and Prescott, 2010), the projections to the dorsal striatum that were observed with anterograde…”
BackgroundLearning and Memory Functions of the Basal Ganglia
Packard, M. G., & Knowlton, B. J. (2002) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142937 · Cited by 1,717 · cited 3×
“These recent behavioral results have shed light on the critical and specific roles of the dorsal striatum in instrumental conditioning and motor control that complement and extend earlier ideas about roles of striatal subregions in modality specific learning (Graybiel et al., 1994; Packard and Knowlton, 2002).”
BackgroundResultBehavioral Theories and the Neurophysiology of Reward
Schultz, W. (2006) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070229 · Cited by 1,637 · cited 2×
“Given the critical requirement of the dorsal striatum in the acquisition and expression of goal-directed instrumental conditioning and the central role that error prediction signals are thought to play in such learning (Schultz, 2006), the amygdalostriatal projection may be an important component of an extended learni…”
BackgroundHaber, S. N., Fudge, J. L., & McFarland, N. R. (2000) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-06-02369.2000 · Cited by 1,610 · cited 1×
“Based upon retrograde and anterograde labeling in the primate it has been previously suggested that dopaminergic neurons may play a critical role in transferring information between the medial and lateral striatum (Haber et al., 2000; Haber, 2003).”
BackgroundThe primate basal ganglia: Parallel and integrative networks
Haber, S. N. (2003) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2003.10.003 · Cited by 1,479
The Basal Ganglia and Adaptive Motor Control
Graybiel, A. M., Aosaki, T., Flaherty, A. W., & Kimura, M. (1994) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.8091209 · Cited by 1,324 · cited 3×
“…an apparent minority of the labeling, the zones of overlap may be disproportionately important to the function of the dorsolateral striatum in the rat (Brown and Sharp, 1995), as has been proposed in the primate (Graybiel et al., 1994; Haber, 2003; Cohen and Frank, 2009; Haber and Calzavara, 2009).”
BackgroundResult
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–149 of 149
Distinct cortico-striatal compartments drive competition between adaptive and automatized behavior
Barnett, W. H., Kuznetsov, A. S., & Lapish, C. C. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0279841 · Cited by 6
“…DS exhibit a clear topographic bias where the medial portion of the striatum is more likely to receive input from the prefrontal cortex (PFC), and the lateral portion more likely to receive input from somatosensory and motor regions (Hunnicutt et al., 2016; Pan et al., 2010; Peters et al., 2021).”
BackgroundDifferences in Tau Seeding in Newborn and Adult Wild-Type Mice
Ferrer, I., Andrés‐Benito, P., Garcia‐Esparcia, P., López‐González, I., Valiente, D., Jordán, M., Carmona, M., Sala‐Jarque, J., Gil, V., & del Rı́o, J. A. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23094789 · Cited by 5
“Tau-immunoreactive neurons are also observed in the habenula and caudate/putamen, together with positive fibers and glial cells in the internal capsule and fimbria, thus suggesting local spreading to the striatum and habenula [82,83].”
BackgroundAffective Neuroscience: Food ‘Wanting’ Hotspot in Dorsal Striatum
Lawrence, A. D. (2012) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.031 · Cited by 5
Role of posterior medial thalamus in the modulation of striatal circuitry and choice behaviorPreprint
Yonk, A. J., Linares-García, I., Pasternak, L., Juliani, S. E., Gradwell, M. A., George, A. J., & Margolis, D. J. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.98563 · Cited by 5
“…striatum integrates widespread convergent cortical and thalamic inputs that constitute part of the force driving normal striatal functioning ( Pan et al., 2010 ; Wall et al., 2013 ; Huerta-Ocampo et al., 2014 ; Oh et al., 2014 ; Guo et al., 2015 ; Hunnicutt et al., 2016 ; Hintiryan et al.,…”
Gowrishankar, R., Hjort, M., Elerding, A. J., Shirley, S. E., Van Tilburg, J., Marcus, D. J., Senthilkumar, P., Abrera, K. A., Sumarli, D., Motovilov, K., et al. (2024) · doi:10.1101/2024.05.20.595035 · Cited by 3
“Importantly, studies in rodents (Pan et al. 2010, Corbitetal.2013, Walletal.2013) and non‐human primates(Cho et al. 2013) have established anatomically the existence of direct, ex‐ citatory projection from the BLA to the DMS.”
BackgroundLocalization and connections of the tail of caudate and caudal putamen in mouse brain
Ma, R.-Z., Chen, S., Zhu, G., Cai, H.-R., Zhang, J.-Y., Peng, Y., Lian, D., & Ding, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Neural Circuits · doi:10.3389/fncir.2025.1611199 · Cited by 3
Varul, J., Eskla, K., Piirsalu, M., Innos, J., Philips, M., Visnapuu, T., Plaas, M., & Vasar, E. (2021) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci11060725 · Cited by 3
Basal Ganglia Circuits: What's Now and Next?
Lanciego, J. L. (2012) · Frontiers in Neuroanatomy · doi:10.3389/fnana.2012.00004 · Cited by 3
“Two manuscripts deal with subcortical striatal afferents from different sources (Day-Brown et al., 2010; Pan et al., 2010), whereas another extensively reviews the degree of segregation of striatal output pathways (Bertran-Gonzalez et al., 2010).”
BackgroundThe Delta-Opioid System in the Brain: A Neglected Element in Parkinson’s Disease?
Chao, D., & Xia, Y. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-25495-1_14 · Cited by 3
Utilizing the Cortico-Striatal Projectome to Advance the Study of Timing and Time Perception
Lusk, N. A., & Buonomano, D. V. (2016) · Timing & Time Perception · doi:10.1163/22134468-00002076 · Cited by 3
A mathematical model of reward and executive circuitry in obsessive compulsive disordePreprint
Rǎdulescu, A., & Marra, R. (2015) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1512.05007 · Cited by 3
Striatum-projecting prefrontal cortex neurons support working memory maintenancePreprint
Chernysheva, M., Sych, Y., Fomins, A., Warren, J. L. A., Lewis, C., Capdevila, L. S., Boehringer, R., Amadei, E. A., Grewe, B. F., O’Connor, E. C., et al. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.12.03.471159 · Cited by 3
System-wide dissociation of reward and aversive dopaminergic signalsPreprint
Bouchard, S.-J., Boutin, J., Lévesque, M., & Breton‐Provencher, V. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.05.27.656467 · Cited by 3
Asymmetric cortical projections to striatal direct and indirect pathways distinctly control actions
Klug, J. R., Yan, X., Hoffman, H. A., Engelhardt, M. D., Osakada, F., Callaway, E. M., & Jin, X. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.1101/2023.10.02.560589 · Cited by 2
“Both the striatal direct and indirect pathways are driven by the excitatory inputs from the cerebral cortex and thalamus (Bolam et al. , 2000; C.R. Gerfen, 2016; Pan et al. , 2010; Wall et al. , 2013).”
InfluentialPayet, J. M., Baratta, M. V., Christianson, J. P., Lowry, C. A., & Hale, M. W. (2025) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2025.110406 · Cited by 2
“The dose, volume and route of administration of the retrobeads are based on previous research using mice and rats (Pan et al., 2010; Dolzani et al., 2018; Chang and Gean, 2019).”
Striatal circuit development and synapse maturation
Peixoto, R. T., & Kozorovitskiy, Y. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823672-7.00021-1 · Cited by 2
Krimmel, S. R., White, M. G., Panicker, M. H., Barrett, F. S., Mathur, B. N., & Seminowicz, D. A. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/461319 · Cited by 2
Asymmetric cortical projections to striatal direct and indirect pathways distinctly control actionsPreprint
Klug, J. R., Yan, X., Hoffman, H. A., Engelhardt, M. D., Osakada, F., Callaway, E. M., & Jin, X. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.92992 · Cited by 2
“It is well known that D1-and D2-SPNs are spatially intermixed in the striatum, and they both receive major excitatory inputs from the cerebral cortex ( Bolam et al., 2000 ; Pan et al., 2010 ).”
Smith, J. B., Hong, S. S., Murphy, D. J., Chandrasekar, S., Dangcil, E., Nacipucha, J., Tucker, A., Carayannopoulos, N. L., Carayannopoulos, S., Peci, E., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnsys.2025.1642595 · Cited by 1
“…as, regions of cross modal convergence throughout the striatum (Aoki et al., 2019; Hooks et al., 2018; Hintiryan et al., 2016; Voorn et al., 2004; Pan et al., 2010; Smith et al., 2019, 2022, 2025; Mowery et al., 2011, 2017; Alloway et al., 2006, 2009; Foster et al., 2021; Hoffer et al., 2005;…”
Grossouw, L. M., Heijmink, N., Garritsen, O., van de Mheen, T., Naert, W., D’Angelo, R., Rybiczka-Tešulov, M., Adolfs, Y., van Kronenburg, N. C. H., Broekhoven, M. H., et al. (2026) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2026.07.009 · Cited by 1
Schröder, H., Moser, N., & Huggenberger, S. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-19898-5_8 · Cited by 1
Patton, M. S., & Mathur, B. N. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-823453-2.00010-2 · Cited by 1
Coizet, V., Tannir, R. A., Pautrat, A., & Overton, P. G. (2023) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x21666230818154903 · Cited by 2
“These findings echo those reported by Pan et al. [55] and Schwab et al. [56].”
BackgroundResultCell type-specific variation of somatotopic precision across corticostriatal projectionsPreprint
Hooks, B. M., Papale, A. E., Paletzki, R. F., Feroze, M. W., Eastwood, B. S., Couey, J. J., Winnubst, J., Chandrashekar, J. V., & Gerfen, C. R. (2018) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/261446 · Cited by 1
Expression profiling of the learning striatumPreprint
Lousada, E. L. R. D. S., Kliesmete, Z., Janjic, A., Richter, D., Wange, L., Briem, E., Hellmann, I., Burguière, E., Enard, W., & Schreiweis, C. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.01.03.522560 · Cited by 1
Asymmetric cortical projections to striatal direct and indirect pathways distinctly control actionsPreprint
Klug, J. R., Yan, X., Hoffman, H. A., Engelhardt, M. D., Osakada, F., Callaway, E. M., & Jin, X. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.92992.1 · Cited by 1
Dorsal Striatum Parvalbumin interneurons translatome unveiledPreprint
Naon, C., Castell, L., Thirard, S., Moreno, M. P., Rialle, S., Goetz, E., Casals, E., Rogliardo, A., Gut, M. O., Esteve‐Codina, A., et al. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.06.16.659856 · Cited by 1
“It receives converging excitatory inputs from both the cortex and the thalamus (Graybiel and Grafton, 2015; Hintiryan et al., 2016; Hunnicutt et al., 2016; Pan et al., 2010; Smith and Bolam, 1990; Tisch et al., 2004).”
George, A. J., Linares-García, I., Yonk, A. J., Zhang, X. C., Burdge, J., Danish, A., Gradwell, M. A., Abraira, V. E., & Margolis, D. J. (2025) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2025.10.07.680927 · Cited by 1
“The striatum has multiple inputs that could bear weight on the functionality of the D1-SPN population including the motor cortex, auditory cortex, thalamus, and amygdala (Hunnicutt et al., 2016; Pan et al., 2010).”
Temporal Loss of Tsc1: Neural Development and Brain Disease in Tuberous Sclerosis
Zervas, M. (2013) · Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC) · doi:10.21236/ada584730
van Heusden, F., Macey-Dare, A. D. B., Krajeski, R. N., Sharott, A., & Ellender, T. J. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/770057
Kitchenham, L. (2021) · The Atrium (University of Guelph)
Grimm, C., Frässle, S., Steger, C., von Ziegler, L., Sturman, O., Shemesh, N., Bohacek, J., Stephan, K. E., Razansky, D., Wenderoth, N., et al. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3807497
Distinct cortico-striatal compartments drive competition between adaptive and automatized behaviorPreprint
Barnett, W. H., Kuznetsov, A. S., & Lapish, C. C. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.05.21.445068
Galasko, D. R. (2013) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.717963993.793468739
Floresco, S. (2019) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.735386554.793566197
You, J., Song, C., & Liang, F. (2022) · PubMed Central · doi:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2022.12.19
Role of posterior medial thalamus in the modulation of striatal circuitry and choice behavior
Yonk, A. J., Linares-García, I., Pasternak, L., Juliani, S. E., Gradwell, M. A., George, A. J., & Margolis, D. J. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.98563.3 · Cited by 1
Svendsen, O. B., Hasegawa, R., Yang, R. R., Uzuncayir, M. A., Conoan, N. H., Hasselholt, S., Midtgaard, J., Xu, N.-L., Lee, F. S. Y., & Nyengaard, J. R. (2024) · Brain Mechanisms · doi:10.1016/j.bramec.2024.202483
Role of Posterior Medial Thalamus in the Modulation of Striatal Circuitry and Choice BehaviorPreprint
Yonk, A. J., Linares-García, I., Pasternak, L., Juliani, S. E., Gradwell, M. A., George, A. J., & Margolis, D. J. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.98563.2
Asymmetric cortical projections to striatal direct and indirect pathways distinctly control actionsPreprint
Klug, J. R., Yan, X., Hoffman, H. A., Engelhardt, M. D., Osakada, F., Callaway, E. M., & Jin, X. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.92992.2
Asymmetric cortical projections to striatal direct and indirect pathways distinctly control actionsPreprint
Klug, J. R., Yan, X., Hoffman, H. A., Engelhardt, M. D., Osakada, F., Callaway, E. M., & Jin, X. (2025) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.92992.3
Naon, C., Castell, L., Thirard, S., Moreno, M. P., Rialle, S., Goetz, E., Casals, E., Rogliardo, A., Gut, M. O., Esteve‐Codina, A., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2025.1648461 · Cited by 1
Dopamine et contrôle de l’action : implication et maturation de la voie mésocorticale chez le rat
Naneix, F. (2011) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/001d4221ze950z4b8dz8178z8e2211b1bc4c
Lousada, E. L. R. D. S. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/23797e5dz9c89z49a2zafdaz58cbefdf74fa
Wang, Q., Bhandiwad, A. A., Gouwens, N. W., Yao, S., Wang, Y., Kuang, X., Li, A., Li, X., Dalley, R. A., Kuo, H.-C., et al. (2026) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-026-02253-9 · Cited by 3
“Anatomical tracing studies proposed between 3 and 29 CP subdivisions 5,6,16–19 , whereas genoarchitectual approaches, including single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) combined with in situ hybridization (ISH), revealed both continuous and discrete MSN transcriptomic cell types (t-types) 20–22 and…”
Amantadine Modulates Action‐Specific Neural Ensembles in Hypokinetic and Hyperkinetic Conditions
Chattree, G., Chrapkiewicz, R., Zhang, Y., Li, J., Dinç, F., & Schnitzer, M. J. (2026) · Movement Disorders · doi:10.1002/mds.70415 · Cited by 1
Projection-dependent VGluT1 and VGluT2 expression and terminal morphology in mouse visual circuitsPreprint
Laliberté, G., Tremblay‐Laliberté, R., & Boire, D. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.08.31.748331
A basolateral amygdala to dorsolateral striatum projection modulates stimulus-evoked motor behavior
Hobel, Z. B., Brechbill, T. R., Cruz, A. M., Yang, L.-T., Jimenez, K., Wu, B., Liu, Q., Kirsch, S. B., Fernandes, N. J., Bock, R., et al. (2026) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2026.08.025
Metadata
- Authors
- Pan, W. X., Mao, T., & Dudman, J. T.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dudman, Joshua T.
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroanatomy
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2010
- Volume
- 4
- Pages
- 147-147
- ISSN
- 1662-5129 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3014656
- OpenAlex
- W2128290890
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 84
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 3.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroanatomy (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Deep Brain Stimulation and Movement Disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- dorsal striatum, basal ganglia, retrograde tracing, parallel circuits, raphe nuclei, amygdala, cortical input, thalamic input, mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
