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Brain temperature and its fundamental properties: a review for clinical neuroscientists
Open accessAbstract
Brain temperature, as an independent therapeutic target variable, has received increasingly intense clinical attention. To date, brain hypothermia represents the most potent neuroprotectant in laboratory studies. Although the impact of brain temperature is prevalent in a number of common human diseases including: head trauma, stroke, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, mood disorders, headaches, and neurodegenerative disorders, it is evident and well recognized that the therapeutic application of induced hypothermia is limited to a few highly selected clinical conditions such as cardiac arrest and hypoxic ischemic neonatal encephalopathy. Efforts to understand the fundamental aspects of brain temperature regulation are therefore critical for the development of safe, effective, and pragmatic clinical treatments for patients with brain injuries. Although centrally-mediated mechanisms to maintain a stable body temperature are relatively well established, very little is clinically known about brain temperature's spatial and temporal distribution, its physiological and pathological fluctuations, and the mechanism underlying brain thermal homeostasis. The human brain, a metabolically "expensive" organ with intense heat production, is sensitive to fluctuations in temperature with regards to its functional activity and energy efficiency. In this review, we discuss several critical aspects concerning the fundamental properties of brain temperature from a clinical perspective.
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“The brain’s core temperature can be up to 2°C higher than body temperature, and variances of 0.5–1°C exist between the brain’s center and surface (Wang et al., 2014; Gowda et al., 2018).”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2014
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“This is especially crucial given the brain’s intrinsic thermoregulatory mechanisms, including the cerebrospinal fluid, intracranial blood flow, and capillary networks that act as thermal buffers (Wang et al., 2014).”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2014
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The brain’s core temperature can be up to 2°C higher than body temperature, and variances of 0.5–1°C exist between the brain’s center and surface (Wang et al., 2014; Gowda et al., 2018).”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2014
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“As a review by Wang et al. (2014) summarizes, most of the processes within the brain show sensitivity to temperature changes.”
From Comparative analysis of energy transfer mechanisms for neural implants (2024) · cites this paper as Wang et al., 2014
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Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, H., Wang, B., Normoyle, K. P., Jackson, K., Spitler, K., Sharrock, M. F., Miller, C. M., Best, C., Llano, D., & Du, R.
- Affiliations
- Carle Foundation Hospital (US)
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Wang, Huan
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2014-10-08
- Volume
- 8
- Pages
- 307-307
- ISSN
- 1662-453X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4189373
- OpenAlex
- W2166795165
- Cited by
- 356
- References
- 237
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 32 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7
- FWCI
- 2.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Thermal Regulation in Medicine
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Keywords
- brain temperature, therapeutic hypothermia, neuroprotection, brain temperature regulation, brain injury, cardiac arrest, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, head trauma, stroke, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, neurodegenerative diseases, brain energy metabolism
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