Cited by 83Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular DisturbancesAutophagy in Disease and TherapyTraumatic Brain Injury Research

Autophagy in traumatic brain injury: a new target for therapeutic intervention

Open access
Zhang, Li, Wang, Handong·2018·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most devastating forms of brain injury. Many pathological mechanisms such as oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation all contribute to the secondary brain damage and poor outcomes of TBI. Current therapies are often ineffective and poorly tolerated, which drive the explore of new therapeutic targets for TBI. Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular mechanism during evolution. It plays an important role in elimination abnormal intracellular proteins or organelles to maintain cell stability. Besides, autophagy has been researched in various models including TBI. Previous studies have deciphered that regulation of autophagy by different molecules and pathways could exhibit anti-oxidative stress, anti-apoptosis and anti-inflammation effects in TBI. Hence, autophagy is a promising target for further therapeutic development in TBI. The present review provides an overview of current knowledge about the mechanism of autophagy, the frequently used methods to monitor autophagy, the functions of autophagy in TBI as well as its potential molecular mechanisms based on the pharmacological regulation of autophagy.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00190

Cites

165 of 165 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Exopher formation and extracellular proteostasis have been discovered in recent years.

    “Newer mechanisms to manage proteostasis, such as exopher formation and extracellular proteostasis, have been discovered in recent years.165,166”

    From The lysosome and proteostatic stress at the intersection of pediatric neurological disorders and adult neurodegenerative diseases (2025) · cites this paper as [166]

    The Methods for Monitoring Autophagy and FoxO3a passages discuss intracellular autophagy, not exopher formation or extracellular proteostasis. Searches of our full-text copy for both terms found no passage addressing their discovery; the supplied passages have no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.76)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

3 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

2 of the 167 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Zhang, L., & Wang, H.
Affiliations
Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command (CN)
Corresponding author
Wang, Handong
Venue
Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience
Published
2018-06-05
Volume
11
Pages
190-190
ISSN
1662-5099 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2807583409
Cited by
82
References
167
Citations by year
2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 1
FWCI
1.26
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
National Natural Science Foundation of China (81672503, 81702484)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
Keywords
autophagy, traumatic brain injury, secondary brain injury, oxidative stress, apoptosis, neuroinflammation, autophagy regulation, autophagy monitoring, therapeutic target

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review