Coffee with High but Not Low Caffeine Content Augments Fluid and Electrolyte Excretion at Rest
Open accessAbstract
Background: Low levels of caffeine ingestion do not induce dehydration at rest, while it is not clear if larger doses do have an acute diuretic effect. The aim of the present investigation was to examine the acute effect of low and high levels of caffeine, via coffee, on fluid balance in habitual coffee drinkers (at least one per day) at rest. Methods: Ten healthy adults (8 males and 2 females; age: 27±5 y, weight: 89.5±14.8 kg, height: 1.75±0.08 m, and body mass index: 29.1±4.4 kg∙m-2) ingested 200 mL of water (W), coffee with low caffeine (3 mg∙kg-1, LCAF), or coffee with high caffeine (6 mg∙kg-1, HCAF) on three respective separate occasions. All sessions were performed at 09:00 in the morning in a counterbalanced, crossover manner, at least 5 days apart. Subjects remained in the laboratory while urine samples were collected every 60 min for three hours post-ingestion. Results: Absolute caffeine consumption was 269±45 and 537±89 mg for the LCAF and HCAF, respectively. Coffee ingestion at the HCAF trial induced greater diuresis during the 3-h period (613±101 mL, P < 0.05), when compared to W (356±53 mL) and LCAF (316±38 mL). Additionally, cumulative urinary osmotic excretion was significantly greater in the HCAF (42592 mmol, P < 0.05), as compared to the W (24936 mmol) and LCAF (17716 mmol) trials. Conclusion: The data indicate that caffeine intake of 6 mg∙kg-1 in the form of coffee can induce an acute diuretic effect, while 3 mg∙kg-1 do not disturb fluid balance in healthy casual coffee drinking adults at rest.
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Individuals with obesity frequently have biochemical evidence of deficiencies of micronutrients including vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate, thiamine, iron, and zinc.
“For example, individuals with obesity are frequently found to have biochemical evidence of deficiencies of micronutrients, including vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate, thiamine, iron, and zinc [80][81][82][83].”
From Nutritional considerations with antiobesity medications (2024) · cites this paper as [81]
The Introduction discusses coffee, hydration, and an association between coffee consumption and obesity; the Participants section describes the study group. Neither addresses biochemical micronutrient deficiencies in people with obesity. Searches for the listed vitamins and minerals and for obesity-related micronutrient deficiencies found no supporting passage in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Seal, A. D., Bardis, C. N., Gavrieli, A., Grigorakis, P., Adams, J. D., Arnaoutis, G., Yannakoulia, M., & Kavouras, S. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Arkansas at Fayetteville (US)
- Harokopio University of Athens (GR)
- Corresponding author
- Kavouras, Stavros A.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Nutrition
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2017-08-18
- Volume
- 4
- Pages
- 40-40
- ISSN
- 2296-861X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5563313
- OpenAlex
- W2745453275
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 2.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Frontiers in Nutrition (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Informationszentrum Lebenswissenschaften (ZB MED) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Coffee research and impacts
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Keywords
- caffeine, coffee, diuresis, fluid balance, electrolyte excretion, dehydration
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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