The DOI matches its Crossref record; 83 of the 86 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 3 are not checked yet.
Intrinsic Rewards and Employee's Performance With the Mediating Mechanism of Employee's Motivation
Open accessAbstract
The prime goal of this study is to analyze the impact of intrinsic rewards on the performance of an employee. It also focuses on the role of motivation of the employee as an intervening factor. To achieve this objective, data have been collected through the questionnaire method from small and medium enterprises of Pakistan. A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed to the target population, and 300 were received. To test the hypotheses, the confirmatory factor analysis and the structural equation modeling have been used. The main results of the study have shown a positive and significant impact of intrinsic rewards on the performance of the employee. Specifically, the study reveals that the motivation of an employee significantly mediates the association between intrinsic rewards and the performance of the employee. In the light of the findings, implications are outlined.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Others are more highly influenced by extrinsic rewards, and others are more influenced by intrinsic rewards like appreciation and recognition (Katabalo & Mwita, 2024;Manzoor et al., 2021).”
From Rewards and Employee Performance in Government Agencies: Evidence from Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA), Uganda (2026) · cites this paper as Manzoor et al., 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Employees are likely to show greater commitment, effort, and performance when they feel that the rewards are fair and meaningful (Manzoor et al., 2021).”
From Rewards and Employee Performance in Government Agencies: Evidence from Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA), Uganda (2026) · cites this paper as Manzoor et al., 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Employees in East Africa vary with their responses to reward structure in three contexts; institutional, depending on the individual preference, and performance of the quality of implementation.”
From Rewards and Employee Performance in Government Agencies: Evidence from Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA), Uganda (2026) · cites this paper as Manzoor et al., 2021
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“This elicits a positive emotional reaction and works to motivate them to continue to improve as well as make lasting behavioral changes when needed (Ryan and Deci, 2020; Manzoor et al, 2021).”
From Evaluation and Enhancement of Existing Intervention Programs for Juvenile Delinquency (2023) · cites this paper as Manzoor et al, 2021
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.51.6.1173 · Cited by 91,532
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/brm.40.3.879 · Cited by 34,117
On the Evaluation of Structural Equation Models
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988) · Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science · doi:10.1007/bf02723327 · Cited by 26,163
Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures.
Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588 · Cited by 20,015
Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224378101800313 · Cited by 13,287
Self‐determination theory and work motivation
Gagné, M., & Deci, E. L. (2005) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.322 · Cited by 7,757
Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E. (1991) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920639101700305 · Cited by 6,380
Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2020) · Contemporary Educational Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.cedpsych.2020.101860 · Cited by 6,037
Harrison, A. J., Robinson, C., Ashenfelter, O., & Layard, R. (1989) · Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d économique · doi:10.2307/135687 · Cited by 3,321
Haslwanter, T. (2016) · Statisctics and computing/Statistics and computing · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28316-6_12 · Cited by 3,094
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Herzberg, 1959, The Motivation to Work., 195
- Kushnir, 2010, A universal definition of small enterprise: a procrustean bed for SMEs, The World Bank
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–191 of 191
FACTORS AFFECTING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE IN THE MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: A STUDY ON MALAYSIAN SMES
Sudhashini Nair, L. W. N., & Sudhashini Nair, L. W. N. (2023) · Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University · doi:10.35741/issn.0258-2724.58.1.62 · Cited by 1
Okelloa, O. K., Alochere, D. B. J., & Norman, N. (2026) · International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science · doi:10.51584/ijrias.2026.110400073
Tchouchu, E. (2022) · International Journal of Human Resource Studies · doi:10.5296/ijhrs.v12i1.19504
Job Satisfaction and OrganisationalCommitment of Academic Staff inKyambogo University, Uganda
Kato, J. K., Mugizi, W., & Kasule, G. W. (2023) · doi:10.58653/nche.v10i2.03
Bernardo, C., Pentury, G. M., & Leuhery, F. (2023) · ECOBISMA (JURNAL EKONOMI BISNIS DAN MANAJEMEN) · doi:10.36987/ecobi.v10i2.4532
Tadesse, S., Haddera, T. A., & Taddese, A. (2023) · Indonesian Journal of Sport Management · doi:10.31949/ijsm.v3i1.4507
The Impact of Motivational Processes on Individual Performance
Provitera, M. J., & Sayyadi, M. (2023) · Journal of Business Technology and Leadership · doi:10.54845/btljournal.v5i1.33
Jam-Jam, S., & Mbukanma, I. (2023) · Journal of Educational and Social Research · doi:10.36941/jesr-2023-0124
OPIYO, M. O., KISING’U, T. M., & Gichinga, L. (2023) · Strategic Journal of Business & Change Management · doi:10.61426/sjbcm.v10i1.2583 · Cited by 1
Yastıoğlu, S. (2023) · İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi · doi:10.25204/iktisad.1347647 · Cited by 1
Rabie, R. G. (2023) · المجلة العلمية للدراسات التجارية والبيئية · doi:10.21608/jces.2023.321491 · Cited by 1
Achievement And Reward on Employees’ Discipline and Performance
Cendriyani, Y. (2023) · Acman Accounting and Management Journal · doi:10.55208/aj.v3i2.67 · Cited by 1
Ivory, M. R., Towse, J. N., Sturdee, M., Levine, M. N., & Nuseibeh, B. (2023) · Technology Mind and Behavior · doi:10.1037/tmb0000122.supp · Cited by 1
Zeinolabedini, M., Heidarnia, A., Motlagh, M. E., Shakerinejad, G., & Zeidi, I. M. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3511117/v1
Limos-Galay, J. A., & Pelogna, N. L. R. (2023) · International Journal of Research Studies in Management · doi:10.5861/ijrsm.2023.1151
EXPLORING THE ATTRIBUTES OF HIGH-PERFORMANCE OF A TEAM LEADER IN BUSINESS PROCESS OUTSOURCING
Villarba, L., & Moyon, C. P. (2024) · European Journal of Human Resource Management Studies · doi:10.46827/ejhrms.v7i2.1641
"Investigating the Cultural Motives of Sri Lankans Towards Propensity of International Outshopping"
Mello, G., & Weerasekera, S. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.22
Pawar, V. S., Narkhede, S. P., & Patil, K. T. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.21
Lalwani, G., & Arora, P. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.20
Revealing the Digital Shopper: A Comprehensive Review of Consumer Behaviour in Online Shopping
Vyas, D. M., & Vyas, H. D. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.15
Neve, S. S., & Warke, N. P. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.01
"The Relationship Between A Reward System & Employee Performance, Motivation as A Mediating Factor"
Kaur, R., & Kaur, R. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.13 · Cited by 1
ESG Practices at Global Level and its Impact on Investment and Behavioral Finance
Bhatt, K., & Patel, J. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.05
The Impact of Work Environment on Employee’s Productivity: An Empirical Study of GACL Limited
Sanghavi, H. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.08
Parikh, M. S., & Jani, J. M. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.18
Impact of Capital Structure on Profitability of GSFC Ltd.
Patel, H., Virparia, V., & Goswami, V. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.17
Tallore, T. P., & Rao, M. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.07
Pant, M., Nigade, V., Gattani, A., Tiwari, S., & Dangi, J. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.04 · Cited by 1
A Study on Trends in Advanced Marketing Strategies
Iliyas, M. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.12 · Cited by 1
Ravichandran, R., & Laxman Rao, G. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.03
Totla, N., & Rathaur, S. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.16
"Anthology: Smart Factory 4.O "
Lᴏᴋsʜᴀɴᴀ, M. E., & Rᴀʜᴜʟ, R. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.19
Sustainable Initiatives During Economic Crisis: Insights from Multinational Enterprises in Sri Lanka
Weerasekera, S. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.06 · Cited by 1
Title: E-Wallet Adoption Trends: Unraveling Consumer Preferences in Financial Transactions
Upadhyay, D., & Pandit, R. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.23
A Study on Green Initiatives by Automobile Companies in India
Karthika, J. (2023) · SKIPS Anveshan · doi:10.53031/skips.4.2.2023.14
The Impact of Achievement Orientation on Goal Clarity
Taridi, M., Noviriani, N., & Asyari, S. (2024) · International Journal of Management Knowledge and Learning · doi:10.53615/2232-5697.13.43-53
Employee performance: The role of competence, organizational culture, and motivation
Ridwan, S. A., Yusuf, M. R. I., & Marhumi, S. (2023) · Journal of Management and Business Insight · doi:10.12928/jombi.v1i2.619
Ogunmola, O. S., Eguabor, R. O., OGBECHI, A. D., Ogbechi, C. D., Halim, H. C., & Adow, A. H. (2024) · Asian Journal of Economics Business and Accounting · doi:10.9734/ajeba/2024/v24i61349
Analysing Research Patterns In Employee Motivation and Performance A Bibliometric Perspective
Zani, R. M., Anuar, A., Ali, S., Akbar, Y. A. A., & Abdullah, F. N. (2024) · Insight Journal · doi:10.24191/ij.v0i0.24311
Effect of Career Opportunities on Employee Engagement in Fairtrade Horticultural Firms in Kenya
Mwingirwa, M. K., Okello, D. J., Otinga, H. N., & Kitonga, D. M. (2024) · International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences · doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v14-i6/21824
Qulsum, L. N., & Kadir, K. (2024) · Electronic Business Management and Technology Journal · doi:10.55208/ebmtj.v2i1.146
Sakka, A. A. B., Singh, H., Iwuchukwu, E., Kampoowale, I., & Al-Balushi, H. A. A. (2024) · International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences · doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v14-i7/22009
The Influence of Education and Training and Compensation on Teacher Performance Mediated by Loyalty
Suwarga, G., Rahman, T., & Bintarti, S. (2024) · Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA · doi:10.29303/jppipa.v10ispecialissue.8520
Yoeung, S., Rom, M., Sorn, S., Rapich, S., Mom, R., & Khun, K. (2024) · ទស្សនាវដ្ដីស្រាវជ្រាវសាកលវិទ្យាល័យសៅស៍អ៊ីសថ៍អេយសៀ. · doi:10.70319/usearj/202412256
Cañas, R. M., Bañón-Gomis, A. J., Silva, G. M., & Opute, J. E. (2024) · Springer studies on populism, identity politics and social justice · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-69610-7_7
Winning as a Small University in the Increasingly Competitive Higher Education Market
Vatter, Z. (2025) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-6437-6.ch022
Motivating Community College Teachers in Nepal: Exploring Experiences and Expectations
Gaihre, G. P., & Khanal, J. (2025) · Community College Review · doi:10.1177/00915521251320968
Pomen varnostne kulture za varno in kakovostno obravnavo
Lorber, M., & Dobnik, M. (2025) · doi:10.18690/um.fov.2.2025.39
Thao, N. T. (2025) · Journal of Economics Finance and Management Studies · doi:10.47191/jefms/v8-i5-77
Ethical Integrity and Performance in Isolation: An Intrinsic Motivation Mediated Focus
Winstington, S., Chully, A. A., Balasundaram, S., & Pandikattu, K. (2025) · Studies in applied philosophy, epistemology and rational ethics · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-92139-1_24
Public Schools Personnels’ Motivation and Competence and their Performance
Sumondong, J. L., & Marcia, A. (2025) · Psychology and Education A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.70838/pemj.440807
Abrahim, H. L., Rodelo, A., & Warlan, H. (2025) · Journal for Nurses in Professional Development · doi:10.1097/nnd.0000000000001186
Burnout among kindergarten teachers working long hours: causes and strategies for mitigation
Huang, S., Zhu, Y., Liu, H., Li, X., & Pi, Z. (2025) · European Early Childhood Education Research Journal · doi:10.1080/1350293x.2025.2563848
Kuleh, Y., Darma, D. C., Pujiastuti, Y. A., Nurhikmat, M., Sampeliling, A., Purwaningsih, F., & Ashari, I. (2025) · Indonesian Journal of Social Science Research · doi:10.11594/ijssr.06.02.07 · Cited by 1
Wang, Y., & Ge, Y. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105712 · Cited by 1
Jesse, V. O., & Kithandi, C. K. (2024) · East African Finance Journal · doi:10.59413/eafj/v3.i2.15
Rewards system and employee motivation in the South African Military Health Service
Mabunda, P., & Matjie, M. A. (2025) · Acta Commercii · doi:10.4102/ac.v25i1.1455 · Cited by 3
Kyambade, M., Namatovu, A., & Sewante, L. (2025) · Journal of Public Affairs · doi:10.1002/pa.70095
Ahmad, F., Wei, C., Alam, A., & Ahmed, I. (2026) · International Journal of Public Administration · doi:10.1080/01900692.2025.2586698
Zeinolabedini, M., Motlagh, M. E., Heidarnia, A., & Shakerinejad, G. (2026) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0340575 · Cited by 1
AGBEYINKA, Y. I. (2025) · Sustainable Business and Society in Emerging Economies · doi:10.26710/sbsee.v7i4.3616
Incentivizing Integrity: A Perspective on Ethical Compensation for CEOs
Hosain, M. S. (2026) · Compensation & Benefits Review · doi:10.1177/08863687261426404
Calixto, R., Barbosa, A., Jarin, J., Rebote, J. M., & Villaflores, T. (2026) · Psychology and Education A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.70838/pemj.530802
Oo, T., & Khurana, P. (2026) · Joint International Conference on Digital Arts, Media and Technology with ECTI Northern Section Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Computer and Telecommunications Engineering (ECTI DAMT & NCON) · doi:10.1109/ectidamtncon67592.2026.11460063
Job Performance and the Influencing factors Among University Lecturers in Inner Mongolia, ChinaPreprint
Gou, W. J., Lim, K. Y., Hu, M., Tan, O. K., Goh, C. K., Hee, O. C., Babar, S. F., & Gou, W. J. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-9242438/v1
Cobrado, A., & Prado, N. I. (2026) · Psychology and Education A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.70838/pemj.540605
Caare, J., & Puertos, J. D. (2026) · Psychology and Education A Multidisciplinary Journal · doi:10.70838/pemj.540904
Enhancing Productivity through Total Reward Systems
Mabaso, C. (2026) · African Journal of Employee Relations · doi:10.25159/2664-3731/10731
Sugiyono, Machdar, N. M., & Rony, Z. T. (2026) · JURNAL IQRA · doi:10.25217/ji.v11i1.7434
The Role and Relevance of Marketing in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) in Africa
Asiedu, E., Malcalm, E., Tenkorang, E. Y. A. –., Ampong, G. O. A., Amoakohene, G., & Amoako, G. K. (2025) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-14174-3_8
The Role of Recognition and Rewards Systems in Promoting Loyalty
Alkan, A. D. (2026) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/979-8-3373-2287-2.ch011
Carrasco, M., Pincheira, F. J. D., & Valle, O. S. F. (2026) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2026.106978
Aras, Y., & Işık, O. (2026) · Journal of Health Organization and Management · doi:10.1108/jhom-10-2025-0658
Digital transformation and journalist performance: The mediating role of adaptive techno agility
Hidayat, Z., Saleh, M., Setyanti, S. W. L. H., & Komariyah, S. (2026) · Multidisciplinary Science Journal · doi:10.31893/multiscience.2026844
Makinde, B. O., Makinde, O. B., Haliso, Y., & Alegbeleye, G. O. (2026) · Journal of Library Administration · doi:10.1080/01930826.2026.2685095
Alqahtani, T. H., Bajenied, N. A., & Alqahtani, N. H. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1835472 · Cited by 1
Qerimi, A., Trunk, A., Shabani, G., Shabani, B., & Qerimi, F. (2026) · Human Systems Management · doi:10.1177/01672533261465234 · Cited by 1
Almazrouei, M., Qur’an, M. N. A., Kumar, A., & Abualigah, A. S. (2026) · Journal of Islamic accounting and business research · doi:10.1108/jiabr-04-2025-0242
Figueiredo, E., Margaça, C., Sánchez-García, J. C., & Pereira, P. A. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16071183
Pleyto, E. A. A., Kurata, Y. B., Quiñano, J. G. D., Santos, D. Z. D., & Romulo, J. N. M. (2026) · Procedia Computer Science · doi:10.1016/j.procs.2026.07.074
Novitasari, D., & Maulida, H. (2026) · Indonesian Journal of Innovation Multidisipliner Research · doi:10.69693/ijim.v4i3.2152
Gao, P., Yan, Y., & Liu, J. (2026) · The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology · doi:10.1007/s00170-026-18982-x
Jimenez, P. A., Millones-Liza, D. Y., García-Salirrosas, E. E., & Villar-Guevara, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1884038
O’Connor, G. D., Colgan, R., Murray, L., & Ó’Laoire, F. (2026) · Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -) · doi:10.1007/s11845-026-04579-6
Gonçalves, T., Jerónimo, H. M., Gonçalves, G., & Curado, C. (2026) · Business Strategy and the Environment · doi:10.1002/bse.71522
Tadesse, T., Feleke, A. K., Nigatu, D. T., & Weldeyohhans, G. (2026) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-108391
Hospitableness and eudaimonic virtues: An interpretive single-case study in the hospitality industry
Fontein, L., & Kuipers, Y. (2026) · Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management · doi:10.1016/j.jhtm.2026.101571
Makwela, C., & Klinck, K. (2026) · Cogent Social Sciences · doi:10.1080/23311886.2026.2732327
Agu, B. C., Eneh, S. I., & Obo, E. B. (2026) · British Journal of Management and Marketing Studies · doi:10.52589/bjmms-cntlxv
Metadata
- Authors
- Manzoor, F., Wei, L., & Asif, M.
- Affiliations
- Zhejiang University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wei, Longbao
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-07-15
- Volume
- 12
- Pages
- 563070-563070
- ISSN
- 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8319625
- OpenAlex
- W3187017376
- Cited by
- 191
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 31 · 2025: 34 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 72 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 58.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Zhejiang University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Management
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Employee Performance and Motivation
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Keywords
- intrinsic rewards, employee performance, employee motivation, mediating effect, small and medium-sized enterprises, human resource management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
