Association between socio-affective symptoms and glutathione and CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes in college students
Open accessAbstract
Background: The prevalence of anxiety and depression in young students is associated with biosocial factors and scholastic stress. However, few studies have evaluated emotional-affective symptoms that are related to the immune system and antioxidant parameters in young individuals without diagnoses of affective disorders. Aim: This study aims to assess the relationship between emotional-affective symptoms and glutathione concentrations and CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte counts in college students. Methods: College students (n = 177) completed standardized psychometric instruments, including the Perceived Stress Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Familiar Social and Friends Support Scale, and Rosenberg Scale. Blood samples were biochemically analyzed. Analyses of variance were conducted between four groups according to symptom severity. Results: A considerable prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression symptoms was observed and negatively correlated with self-esteem and socio-familiar support. Perceived stress was sexually dimorphic. Although biochemical parameters were within reference ranges, glutathione, CD4, and CD8 tended to be lower in participants with anxiety and depression symptoms, which may be of predictive value. Conclusion: The relationship between antioxidant/immune parameters and socio-affective scores is latent in undiagnosed college students who might develop affective disorders. The findings suggest that during the initial development of affective disorders, stress management strategies should be implemented to help college students cope with the academic load and monitor negative changes in their physiological state.
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Decreased CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte counts are tightly related to depressive and anxiety severity.
“Moreover, the decreased CD4 and CD8 lymphocyte counts have been recognized to be tightly related to depressive and anxiety severity (10).”
From Association between depression or anxiety symptoms and immune-inflammatory characteristics in in-patients with tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study (2022) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Balderas-Vazquez, C. L., Bernal-Morales, B., Garcia-Montalvo, E. A., Vega, L., Herrera-Huerta, E. V., Rodríguez-Landa, J. F., Velázquez-Hernández, J. F., Xotlanihua-Gervacio, M. D. C., & Valenzuela, O. L.
- Affiliations
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional (MX)
- Universidad Veracruzana (MX)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychology
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2022-01-05
- Volume
- 12
- Pages
- 666347-666347
- ISSN
- 1664-1078 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8766728
- OpenAlex
- W4206328897
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2
- FWCI
- 0.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (2019-2020)
- Universidad Veracruzana
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, perceived stress, glutathione, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, immune function, antioxidant status, self-esteem, social support, university students, sex differences, stress management
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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