Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder During the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Systematic Review
Open accessAbstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic and its associated restrictions may contribute to a deterioration in mental health; individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) may be particularly affected. This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects of the current pandemic on people diagnosed with OCD, and whether pandemics may affect the development of OCD symptoms. Methods: We conducted a systematic search using NCBI PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar on February 9, 2021. Research articles related to OCD and COVID-19 or other pandemics were attempted to be identified using pre-defined search terms. Case reports, clinical guidelines, letters, and clinical research articles including ≥100 participants were included; reviews were excluded. The systematic review adheres to PRISMA guidelines and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the quality of the included clinical research articles. Results: A total of 79 articles were included in the full-text assessment. Of these, 59 were clinical research articles, two were clinical guidelines, six were case reports, and 12 were letters. The research articles examined OCD symptoms in adult patients with diagnosed OCD, the general population, pregnant women, healthcare workers, students, and young adults, children, and adolescents. Only one study on OCD in previous pandemics was identified. Conclusion: This systematic review found that people both with and without diagnosed OCD prior to the pandemic generally experienced a worsened landscape of symptoms of OCD during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the responses are heterogeneous and many factors other than the pandemic seemed to affect the development of OCD symptoms. To prevent the impairment of symptoms and the development of new cases, close monitoring of patients with OCD and education of the general public is essential. Literature is still limited; thus, multinational and cross-cultural, longitudinal studies are warranted to gain further insights on this topic.
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The COVID-19 pandemic appears to have led to a worsening of OCD symptoms.
“the COVID-19 pandemic appears to have exacerbated OCD symptoms.”
From ØCD: protocol for the development and evaluation of a cognitive-behavioral prevention program for obsessive-compulsive disorder (2024) · cites this paper as [22]
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Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on University Students' Mental Health: A Literature Review
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Prevalence of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in a Sample of Medical Students in Iraq
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Browning, M. E., Nota, J. A., & Kirk, N. P. V. (2026) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jbtep.2026.102141
- Authors
- Linde, E. S., Varga, T. V., & Clotworthy, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Corresponding author
- Varga, Tibor V.
- Clotworthy, Amy
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2022-03-25
- Volume
- 13
- Pages
- 806872-806872
- ISSN
- 1664-0640 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8989845
- OpenAlex
- W4225727830
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 96
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 9
- FWCI
- 2.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- obsessive-compulsive disorder, COVID-19 pandemic, mental health deterioration, pandemic restrictions, healthcare workers, pregnant women, adolescents, young adults, symptom development
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