Psychosocial health of school-aged children during the initial COVID-19 safer-at-home school mandates in Florida: a cross-sectional study
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Abstract
Background: Given the emerging literature regarding the impacts of lockdown measures on mental health, this study aims to describe the psychosocial health of school-aged children and adolescents during the COVID-19 Safer-at-Home School mandates. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in April 2020 ( n = 280) among K-12 students at a research school in North Central Florida. Bivariate analysis and logistic and multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine socio-demographic and knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) predictors of indicators of anxiety-related, depressive, and obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)-related symptoms. Outcomes (anxiety, OCD, and depressive related symptoms) were measured by indices generated based on reported symptoms associated with each psychosocial outcome. Results: Loss of household income was associated with increased risk for all three index-based outcomes: depressive symptoms [aOR = 3.130, 95% CI = (1.41–6.97)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 2.531, 95%CI = (1.154–5.551)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 2.90, 95%CI = (1.32–6.36)]. Being female was associated with being at higher risk for depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.72, 95% CI = (1.02–2.93)], anxiety-related symptoms [aOR = 1.75, 95% CI = (1.04–2.97)], and OCD-related symptoms [aOR = 1.764, 95%CI = (1.027–3.028)]. Parental practices protective against COVID-19 were associated with children being at higher risk of depressive symptoms [aOR = 1.55, 95% CI = (1.04–2.31)]. Lower school level was associated with children being at higher risk of anxiety-related and OCD-related symptoms. Conclusions: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, schools should prioritize mental health interventions that target younger, female students, and children of families with income loss. Limiting the spread of COVID-19 through school closure may exacerbate negative psychosocial health outcomes in children, thus school administrators should move quickly to target those at greatest risk.
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The pandemic has interrupted education and adversely affected children's social and emotional development and mental health.
“The pandemic has also interrupted education and has adversely affected children’s social and emotional development and mental health.16-19”
From Evaluation of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age (2022) · cites this paper as [16]
Covid-19-associated school closures and quarantines have social and economic costs for families and caregivers.
“Covid-19–associated school closures and quarantines also have social and economic costs for families and caregivers.16-19”
From Evaluation of the BNT162b2 Covid-19 Vaccine in Children 5 to 11 Years of Age (2022) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- McKune, S. L., Acosta, D., Diaz, N., Brittain, K., Beaulieu, D. J., Maurelli, A. T., & Nelson, E. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Florida Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- McKune, Sarah L.
- Venue
- BMC Public Health
- Published
- 2021-03-29
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 603-603
- ISSN
- 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8006116
- OpenAlex
- W3142593723
- Cited by
- 73
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 6
- FWCI
- 10.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- medRxiv (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, University of Florida
- College of Medicine, University of Florida
- College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, school closures, child mental health, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, household income loss, gender differences, school level, K-12 students
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Anxiety, Child, Communicable Disease Control, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Florida, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Schools, Vulnerable Populations, Pandemics
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