Unraveling the spectrum: overlap, distinctions, and nuances of ADHD and ASD in children
Open accessAbstract
This review explores the clinical presentation of similarities and differences in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). This paper investigates the deficits in executive function, social function, and emotional intelligence that are seen in both conditions and how the presence of both conditions can exacerbate these deficiencies. Understanding the clinical presentations in these domains is critical to refine diagnostic methods and treatments and improve outcomes for those affected by these neurodevelopmental disorders. The similarities in clinical presentation between ADHD and ASD present a significant diagnostic challenge, with individuals often exhibiting similar behaviors and difficulty navigating the complexities that encompass reacting to their environment. Further research is paramount in gaining more knowledge of the disorders and challenges faced by these individuals, especially those with the presence of both conditions.
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ADHD and ASD exist along a shared neurodevelopmental spectrum, characterized by convergent deficits in executive control, attention regulation, and social cognition.
“This substantial overlap supports the view that ADHD and ASD exist along a shared neurodevelopmental spectrum, characterized by convergent deficits in executive control, attention regulation, and social cognition”
From ADHD in Adulthood: Clinical Presentation, Comorbidities, and Treatment Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [44]
The Introduction and Conclusions (pages not provided) describe ADHD and ASD as neurodevelopmental disorders with overlapping deficits in executive and social functioning. The Executive function section, however, distinguishes ADHD’s inhibition and sustained-attention deficits from ASD’s cognitive-flexibility deficits. The paper does not establish that the two conditions exist along a single shared spectrum or that attention-regulation deficits converge in both. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Martinez, S., Stoyanov, K., & Carcache, L.
- Affiliations
- Florida International University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stoyanov, Kalin
- Venue
- Frontiers in Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2024-09-13
- Volume
- 15
- Pages
- 1387179-1387179
- ISSN
- 1664-0640 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11427400
- OpenAlex
- W4402529264
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 2.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, comorbidities, executive dysfunction, social function, emotional intelligence, neurodevelopmental disorders, diagnostic challenges, children
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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