Overlap Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Searching for Distinctive/Common Clinical Features
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Recent studies support several overlapping traits between autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), assuming the existence of a combined phenotype. The aim of our study was to evaluate the common or distinctive clinical features between ASD and ADHD in order to identify possible different phenotypes that could have a clinical value. We enrolled 181 subjects divided into four diagnostic groups: ADHD group, ASD group, ASD+ADHD group (that met diagnostic criteria for both ASD and ADHD), and control group. Intelligent quotient (IQ), emotional and behavior problems, ADHD symptoms, ASD symptoms, and adaptive behaviors were investigated through the following test: Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence or Leiter International Performances Scale Revised, Child Behavior Checklist, Conners' Rating Scales-Revised, SNAP-IV Rating Scale, the Social Communication Questionnaire, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales. The ASD+ADHD group differs from ADHD or ASD in some domains such as lower IQ mean level and a higher autistic symptoms severity. However, the ASD+ADHD group shares inattention and hyperactivity deficit and some emotional and behavior problems with the ADHD group, while it shares adaptive behavior impairment with ASD group. These findings provide a new understanding of clinical manifestation of ASD+ADHD phenotype, they may also inform a novel treatment target.
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The ASD+ADHD group shares emotional and behavioral problems with the ADHD group, but impairment in adaptive functioning of the ASD group also contributes.
“More specifically, the ASD+ADHD group shares emotional and behavioral problems with the ADHD group, but the impairment in adaptive functioning of the ASD group also participates (Craig et al., 2015).”
From Children with autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Relationships between symptoms and executive function, theory of mind, and behavioral problems (2018) · cites this paper as Craig et al., 2015
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- Authors
- Craig, F., Lamanna, A. L., Margari, F., Matera, E., Simone, M., & Margari, L.
- Affiliations
- University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Margari, Lucia
- Venue
- Autism Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-01-20
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 328-337
- ISSN
- 1939-3792 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-3806
- PMC
- PMC4654237
- OpenAlex
- W1486726446
- Cited by
- 194
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Autism Research (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Archive of Doctoral Theses and Digital Collections (University of Calabria) (submittedVersion)
- CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (University of Bari Aldo Moro) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, comorbidities, clinical features, inattention, hyperactivity, adaptive behavior, intellectual functioning, treatment goals
- MeSH terms
- Autism Spectrum Disorder, Adaptation, Psychological, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child Behavior, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Trauma Severity Indices
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