Parents' Experiences of Receiving Professional Support Through Extended Home Visits During Pregnancy and Early Childhood—A Phenomenographic Study
Open accessAbstract
Background: While becoming a parent can be challenging for all, it can particularly be challenging for those parents and children who are in a vulnerable situation—e.g., in families whose members have problems related to health, relationships, or socioeconomic status. It is essential for health care professionals to identify the more vulnerable families at an early stage. Home visits are one cost-effective way of identifying and supporting such families. This study describes the parental experiences of an intervention that involves professional support in the form of extended home visits. The aim of the study is to describe the parents' understanding of their experiences of receiving professional support through extended home visits both during pregnancy and the first 15 months of their child's life. Methods/Design: A phenomenographic approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 parents who had received the intervention. The interviews were analyzed using the seven-step phenomenography model described by Sjöström and Dahlgren. Results: The following three descriptive categories emerged from the analysis: (1) conceptions concerning the meaning of the physical environment , (2) conceptions concerning extended home visits promoting feelings of self-confidence in the parental role , and (3) conceptions concerning extended home visits promoting parental participation and relations . Conclusion and Clinical Implications: Extended home visits as a form of professional support appear to promote parental self-confidence in parenting ability, giving parents a feeling of security that facilitates conversation with professionals. Children and their entire families had natural roles during home visits, which allowed the children to behave more characteristically. Furthermore, the home visits were understood to facilitate social support through social activities at the child health center as well as integration into Swedish society for migrant parents. Professional support should be adjusted to the unique individual needs of parents, which demands a variety of supportive interventions—for example, reorganizing one or two of the regular clinical visits currently being scheduled as home visits instead.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
From parents' perspective, extended home visits are experienced as reassuring and as promoting parental self-confidence in parenting ability, as well as giving parents a feeling of security that facilitates conversations with professionals, especially when mutual trust is created.
“From the parents’ perspective, these extended home visits are experienced as reassuring and as promoting parental self-confidence in parenting ability, as well as giving parents a feeling of security that facilitates conversations with professionals, especially when a sense of mutual trust is created (Bäckström et al., 2021).”
From Extended home visits can provide multidimensional adapted professional support for parents – an intervention study (2023) · cites this paper as Bäckström et al., 2021
From parents' perspective, home visits provide opportunities for professionals to investigate the child's home environment and detect any potential danger.
“From the parents’ perspective, home visits provide opportunities for professionals to investigate the child’s home environment and detect any potential danger (Bäckström et al., 2021).”
From Extended home visits can provide multidimensional adapted professional support for parents – an intervention study (2023) · cites this paper as Bäckström et al., 2021
Professional support can strengthen parents' parenting ability.
“New parents can be surprised by changes in their parental–couple relationships (Deave and Johnson, 2008), and professional support can strengthen parents’ parenting ability (Bäckström et al., 2021; Larsson et al., 2020).”
From Extended home visits can provide multidimensional adapted professional support for parents – an intervention study (2023) · cites this paper as Bäckström et al., 2021
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Nursing Research Generating and Assessing Evidence for Nursing Practice
Timmins, F. (2013) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2013.04.001 · Cited by 5,505 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The number of participants was deemed to be satisfactory because our informants had diverse characteristics in terms of age, gender, education level, country of origin, and number of children, which is a strength of our study (47).”
BackgroundWhat Is This Thing Called Science
Chalmers, A. (1976) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.37-0274 · Cited by 1,759 · cited 1× · see citing works
“For the current study, an inductive approach was employed to allow the facts to be acquired from the participants’ narratives (33).”
MethodResilience in Children: Developmental Perspectives
Masten, A. S., & Barnes, A. J. (2018) · Children · doi:10.3390/children5070098 · Cited by 705 · see citing works
Applying phenomenography in nursing research.
Sjöström, B., & Dahlgren, L. (2002) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02375.x · Cited by 660 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Data analysis was performed by three of the authors in accordance with the phenomenographic approach (34) and the seven-step model described by Sjöström and Dahlgren (36).”
MethodPrograms for parents of infants and toddlers: recent evidence from randomized trials
Olds, D. L., Sadler, L., & Kitzman, H. (2007) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2006.01702.x · Cited by 548 · see citing works
“Don’t sweat the small stuff:” Understanding teacher resilience at the chalkface
Mansfield, C. F., Beltman, S., Price, A., & McConney, A. A. (2011) · Teaching and Teacher Education · doi:10.1016/j.tate.2011.11.001 · Cited by 442 · cited 2× · see citing works
“(45) conveyed that resilience refers to being able to seek and accept support and to having the ability to create and promote relations.”
BackgroundTransition to parenthood: the needs of parents in pregnancy and early parenthood
Deave, T., Johnson, D., & Ingram, J. (2008) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/1471-2393-8-30 · Cited by 418 · see citing works
Fritz, J., de Graaff, A. M., Caisley, H., van Harmelen, A., & Wilkinson, P. O. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00230 · Cited by 355 · cited 2× · see citing works
“(46) showed that interventions that enhance the life situations of individuals and families—in combination with social support and resilience factors—can contribute to preventing difficulties during childhood.”
BackgroundMen's psychological transition to fatherhood: an analysis of the literature, 1989-2008.
Genesoni, L., & Tallandini, M. (2009) · Birth · doi:10.1111/j.1523-536x.2009.00358.x · Cited by 333 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Men struggle to reconcile their personal and work-related needs with those of their new families (15).”
BackgroundBryers, H., & van Teijlingen, E. (2010) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2010.07.003 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Making existential meaning in transition to motherhood—A scoping review
Prinds, C., Hvidt, N. C., Mogensen, O. E., & Buus, N. (2013) · Midwifery · doi:10.1016/j.midw.2013.06.021 · Cited by 144 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The transition to motherhood is considered to be a pivotal and paradoxical life experience for women, which entails the processing of existential questions such as what the meaning of life is and what makes life worth living (14).”
BackgroundHildingsson, I., Waldenström, U., & Rådestad, I. (2002) · Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0412.2002.810206.x · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Barimani, M., Vikström, A., Rosander, M., Forslund Frykedal, K., & Berlin, A. (2017) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.12367 · Cited by 135 · cited 1× · see citing works
“(38), who stated that the relaxed attitude of professionals in meetings promotes the parents’ ability to receive the support provided.”
BackgroundParent education interventions designed to support the transition to parenthood: A realist review
Gilmer, C., Buchan, J. L., Letourneau, N., Bennett, C. T., Shanker, S. G., Fenwick, A., & Smith-Chant, B. (2016) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.03.015 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Hunter, R. L., Gorely, T., Beattie, M., & Harris, K. (2022) · International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1080/1750984x.2021.1969674 · Cited by 123 · cited 1× · see citing works
“(25) showed that multiple approaches are of value when they allow expectant and new parents’ access to information or education at a time and in a format that suits them.”
BackgroundSeay, A. N., Freysteinson, W. M., & McFARLANE, J. M. (2014) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12093 · Cited by 103 · cited 2× · see citing works
“(13), positive parenthood facilitates the parents’ ability to unconditionally meet the needs of their child.”
BackgroundThe transition from expectancy to parenthood: Impact of the firstborn child on men and women
Feldman, S. S., & Nash, S. C. (1984) · Sex Roles · doi:10.1007/bf00287441 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Hahn, R., Bilukha, O., Crosby, A., Fullilove, M., Liberman, A., Mościcki, E., Snyder, S., Tuma, F., Schofield, A., Corso, P., et al. (2003) · MMWR Recommendations and Reports · doi:10.1037/e545902006-001 · Cited by 90
Home Visiting: A Service Strategy to Reduce Poverty and Mitigate Its Consequences
Minkovitz, C. S., O'Neill, K. M. G., & Duggan, A. K. (2016) · Academic Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/j.acap.2016.01.005 · Cited by 83 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Previous research has reported that home visits provide early, individual, and family-centered support (8), which strengthens both the self-confidence and social networks of parents (9).”
BackgroundBäckström, C., Thorstensson, S., Mårtensson, L. B., Grimming, R., Nyblin, Y., & Golsäter, M. (2017) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1411-8 · Cited by 78 · cited 1× · see citing works
“(24) reported that professional support contributes to expectant parents’ mental preparedness for both childbirth and parenting.”
BackgroundSelf-citationWiklund, I. E., Wiklund, J., Pettersson, V., & Boström, A. (2018) · Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare · doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2018.06.001 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Burström, B., Marttila, A., Kulane, A., Lindberg, L., & Burström, K. (2017) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-017-2038-1 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Can a professional relationship be considered social support?
Hupcey, J. E., & Morse, J. M. (1997) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/s0029-6554(97)90006-3 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Indices of need and social deprivation for primary health care
Malmström, M., Sundquist, J., Bajekal, M., & Johansson, S. (1998) · Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine · doi:10.1177/14034948980260021301 · Cited by 52 · cited 1×
“The two regions were chosen for the intervention because they generally included parents from a lower socioeconomic status and with higher professional support needs that were determined according to the Care Need Index (35), which is a social deprivation index.”
MethodBarboza, M., Kulane, A., Burström, B., & Marttila, A. (2018) · International Journal for Equity in Health · doi:10.1186/s12939-018-0756-6 · Cited by 43 · cited 4× · see citing works
“(4) also described home visits as a way to strengthen relationships within a new family.”
BackgroundResultInfluentialBäckström, C., Kåreholt, I., Thorstensson, S., Golsäter, M., & Mårtensson, L. B. (2018) · Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare · doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2018.07.001 · Cited by 37 · cited 2× · see citing works
“(18), who described how a sense of coherence can strengthen the quality of couple relations, which can affect the parents’ ability to handle stressful situations and challenges in life.”
BackgroundSelf-citationParents' experiences of early support.
Rautio, S. (2013) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.12006 · Cited by 37 · cited 3× · see citing works
“This is in line with Rautio (8), who described home visits as providing a basis for safe and trustworthy relationships with professionals.”
BackgroundPromoting equity in the mental wellbeing of children and young people: a scoping review
Welsh, J., Strazdins, L., Ford, L., Friel, S., O'Rourke, K., Carbone, S., & Carlon, L. (2015) · Health Promotion International · doi:10.1093/heapro/dav053 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Polomeno, V. (2000) · The Journal of Perinatal Education · doi:10.1624/105812400x87482 · Cited by 34 · cited 1× · see citing works
“During the first 15 months of a child’s life, the parental transition to parenthood is shaped (30).”
BackgroundReticena, K. D. O., Yabuchi, V. D. N. T., Gomes, M. F. P., Siqueira, L. D., Abreu, F. C. P. D., & Fracolli, L. A. (2019) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.3031.3213 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Connolly, F., Byrne, D., Lydon, S., Walsh, C., & O'Connor, P. E. (2017) · International Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzx148 · Cited by 33 · cited 1× · see citing works
“(42) described the importance of professional support adapted to the needs of parents and children and their unique situations.”
BackgroundAronen, E. T., & Arajärvi, T. (2000) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1002/9780470755778.ch8 · Cited by 28 · cited 3×
“Furthermore, extended home visits can strengthen parental knowledge, skills, and motivation related to parenting and are favorable for the family’s health and function— supporting children during both childhood and adolescence (3).”
BackgroundInfluentialChinn, S. (2020) · The Trouble with Maths · doi:10.4324/9781003017714-5 · Cited by 27 · cited 2×
“According to Masten and Barnes (17), resilience is a long-term ability that aids people in handling changes and continuing to develop.”
BackgroundLeirbakk, M. J., Torper, J. L., Engebretsen, E., Opsahl, J. N., Zeanah, P. D., & Magnus, J. H. (2018) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-018-3544-5 · Cited by 27 · cited 4× · see citing works
“(7) pointed out that home visits increase the professionals’ understanding of how families handle the challenge of parenthood.”
BackgroundInfluentialMekhail, K. T., Lindberg, L., Burström, B., & Marttila, A. (2019) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6440-y · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Pålsson, P., Kvist, L. J., Persson, E. K., Hallström, I., & Ekelin, M. (2019) · Sexual & Reproductive Healthcare · doi:10.1016/j.srhc.2019.01.003 · Cited by 22 · cited 1× · see citing works
“(31) argued that cross-sectional collaboration between professionals possessing complementary knowledge may be one way to resolve issues lacking topical skills.”
BackgroundSustained health home visiting can improve families’ social support and community connectedness
Stubbs, J. M., & Achat, H. M. (2016) · Contemporary Nurse · doi:10.1080/10376178.2016.1224124 · Cited by 20 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Home visits can help strengthen relationships between parents and children, children and child healthcare (CHC) nurses, and parents and CHC nurses (6).”
BackgroundExperiences of housing insecurity among participants of an early childhood intervention programme
Turnbull, H. R. H., Loptson, K., & Muhajarine, N. (2013) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.12091 · Cited by 9 · cited 2× · see citing works
“(37) described home visits as a tool that can be used to gain a deeper understanding of a family’s social situation and to secure it.”
BackgroundIndividual parental conversations with non-birthing parents
Larsson, M., Eriksson, I., Johansson, K., Stigsson, A.-K., Svahn, R., Wetterström, J., & Wilhsson, M. (2020) · Primary Health Care Research & Development · doi:10.1017/s1463423620000286 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citationTell, J., Olander, E., Anderberg, P., & Berglund, J. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1177/1403494817744119 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
10 of the 50 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [32]Creswell JW. Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications (2017).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ekström, A., Thorstensson, S., & Bäckström, C. (2021) · Nursing Open · doi:10.1002/nop2.1108 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationLarsson, M., Bäckström, C., Larsson, R., Gahm, S., & Wilhsson, M. (2023) · Primary Health Care Research & Development · doi:10.1017/s1463423623000336 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
“Furthermore, the intervention sought to promote equality and participation among parents and to identify families with additional professional support needs at an early stage (Bäckström et al., 2021).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationSchwind, B., Zemp, E., Jafflin, K. G., Späth, A., Barth, M., Maigetter, K., Merten, S., & Kurth, E. (2023) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-023-09352-4 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
“In Sweden, parents in vulnerable situations who received extended home visits reported improved parenting skills and confidence in discussing problems with professionals [25], especially fathers with migration histories who benefited equally through home visiting programs [26].”
BackgroundResultSæther, K. M., Fagerlund, B. H., Glavin, K., & Jøranson, N. (2023) · Qualitative Health Research · doi:10.1177/10497323231208972 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
“Home visits are found to facilitate a trusting relationship between the parents and the public health nurse (PHN; Aston et al., 2015), to promote parental con fi dence (B¨ackstr¨om et al., 2021; Glavin et al., 2023) and to enhance the involvement of fathers (Solberg et al., 2022).”
BackgroundExtended prenatal and postnatal home visits in a vulnerable area in Sweden—a pilot study
Zhe, C. K., Marklund, B. R. G., Kylén, S. P., & Dalemo, S. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care · doi:10.1080/02813432.2023.2277756 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Perinatal Anxiety among Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Cross-Sectional Study
Iwanowicz-Palus, G., Mróz, M., Korda, A., Marcewicz, A., & Palus, A. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19052603 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
In the need of a digital cicerone in healthcare? – Guidance for parents
Bäckström, C., Knez, R., Fahlgren, M., Synnergren, M., & Larsson, V. (2022) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-022-05120-0 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationParents' Perceptions About Future Digital Parental Support—A Phenomenographic Interview Study
Bäckström, C., Chamoun, S., Tejani, S., & Larsson, V. (2021) · Frontiers in Digital Health · doi:10.3389/fdgth.2021.729697 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
“The recruited participants were also part of another research project, Reinforced Parenting—Extended Home Visits (38).”
BackgroundSelf-citationGolsäter, M., & Andersson, A.-C. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-12039-z · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Brekke, M., Småstuen, M. C., Glavin, K., Amro, A., Solberg, B., Øygarden, A. U., Sæther, K. M., & Haugland, T. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-17285-0 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
“Thus, our results may imply that appraisal support provided by formal and informal sources facilitates first-time mothers in navigating the challenges and changes that come with becoming a mother, in line with previous studies [20, 21, 25].”
BackgroundResultAl-Adhami, M., Kornaros, K. G., & Lönnberg, G. (2025) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-025-02983-y · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“This finding is well established in research on home visiting programs [22, 34].”
Hjortsjö, M., & Mangrio, E. (2025) · BMC Research Notes · doi:10.1186/s13104-025-07623-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“…Swedish study with the perspectives of parents participating in these programs, lifted that the parents they felt free to ask for extended professional support, such as extra appointments with parental sup-porters working within social services [17], which could be understood as trust was built.”
Solberg, B., Hagen, M., Berg, R. C., Glavin, K., Brekke, M., Sæther, K. M., Øygarden, A. U., & Olsvold, N. (2024) · American Journal of Men s Health · doi:10.1177/15579883241255188 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
“This may have influenced the program’s lack of impact on PPD. Universal approaches supporting fathers have a clear value in general (Ba¨ckstro¨m et al., 2021), but regarding paternal perinatal mental health challenges, there seems to be a need for more targeted interventions (Raminov et al., 2016).”
BackgroundMethodFranck, L. S., Johnson, I., Mehra, R., Remy, L. L., & Rienks, J. (2023) · Journal of Public Health Management and Practice · doi:10.1097/phh.0000000000001820 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Fernandez, C. (2025) · Journal of Contemporary Philosophical and Anthropological Studies · doi:10.59652/maztrp77 · Cited by 1
Andersson, A., & Golsäter, M. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24114-z · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Some Swedish regions have since then started to carry out extended home-visit programmes where CHS nurses and social workers together visit first-time parents to expand tailored parental support based on the individual family’s situation [20, 22, 31].”
InfluentialExploring the Spectrum of Home Visiting Programmes for Infant Care: A Systematic Review
Auglytė, V., Kirka, V., & Toros, K. (2026) · Developmental Child Welfare · doi:10.1177/25161032261499274
Qu, J., Min, M., Wu, F., Xing, C., & Liu, L. (2026) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-026-09202-1
“Fathers often report uncertainty about how to provide effective support during the perinatal period [19, 20], and in East Asian contexts, masculine norms emphasizing emotional restraint may further reduce men’s engagement in perinatal education and emotional disclosure [21, 22].”
Beyond the clinic: Understanding parents' views on extended home visits by public health nurses
Leirbakk, M. J., Dolvik, S., Torper, J. L., & Magnus, J. H. (2026) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/imhj.70100
Helsesykepleieres tilnærminger for å anerkjenne foreldre ved bekymring for barns oppvekstmiljø
Foss, A. S., & Kristoffersen, M. (2026) · Nordisk Tidsskrift for Helseforskning · doi:10.7557/14.8008
“Slik støtte kan bidra til å styrke foreldres tillit til seg selv (Backstrom et al., 2021; Boelsma et al., 2021; Fostenes & Bondas, 2024; Høgmo et al, 2023; Jack et al., 2021; Walls, 2019).”
Persson, K., Brogårdh‐Roth, S., & Mangrio, E. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1609363
Lönnberg, G., Leissner, J., Warner, G., & Sarkadi, A. (2025) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-025-13578-9
“[27].”
Taupinard, E., Guetta, M., Noleau, C., Legrée, I. H., Beaulieu, A., Marchina, B., Bion, A., Wendland, J., van der Waerden, J. E. B., Cohen, D., et al. (2025) · Neuropsychiatrie de l Enfance et de l Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.neurenf.2025.07.003
- Authors
- Bäckström, C., Thorstensson, S., Pihlblad, J., Forsman, A.-C., & Larsson, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Skövde (SE)
- Region Västra Götaland (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Bäckström, Caroline
- Venue
- Frontiers in Public Health
- Publisher
- Frontiers Media SA
- Published
- 2021-02-22
- Volume
- 9
- Pages
- 578917-578917
- ISSN
- 2296-2565 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7937614
- OpenAlex
- W3133137918
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 4.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Frontiers in Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Högskolan i Skövde
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Child and Adolescent Health
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Infant Development and Preterm Care
- Keywords
- parental experiences, professional support, pregnancy, early childhood, vulnerable families, parental confidence, parental involvement, social support, migrant parents, child health centres, physical environment, phenomenography
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child, Preschool, Female, House Calls, Humans, Learning, Parents, Pregnancy, Sweden, Parenting
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
