Enhancing Digestibility of Chlorella vulgaris Biomass in Monogastric Diets: Strategies and Insights
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Microalgae, such as Chlorella vulgaris (CV), have been identified as promising animal feed sources due to their high content of essential nutrients, including proteins, total lipids, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and pigments. This study aimed to review the digestibility, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability of nutrients from CV biomass, and to analyse strategies to enhance their digestibility in monogastric animal diets. The study conducted a systematic review of the literature from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Science, up until the end of January 2023. The results of adding CV to poultry and swine diets were diverse and depended on a number of variables. However, pre-treatments applied to CV biomass improved nutrient digestibility and accessibility. CV biomass, produced in a cost-effective manner, has the potential to serve as a supplement or substitute for expensive feed ingredients and improve animal health, physiology, and immune status. Variations in results may be due to differences in microalgal strain, cultivation conditions, and dietary inclusion levels, among other factors. This study provides new insights and perspectives into the utilization of CV biomass in animal diets, highlighting its potential as a valuable ingredient to improve nutrient utilization.
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Cell disruption techniques such as high-pressure homogenisation, ultrasonication, bead milling, and enzymatic hydrolysis are effective in breaking down microalgal cell walls and facilitating release of intracellular nutrients.
“Cell disruption techniques, such as high-pressure homogenisation, ultrasonication, bead milling, and enzymatic hydrolysis, have proven effective in breaking down the resilient cell walls of microalgae, thus facilitating the release of intracellular nutrients like lipids, carotenoids, and proteins [27,93].”
From Microalgae Bioactives for Functional Food Innovation and Health Promotion (2025) · cites this paper as [93]
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Angular 6/6/5/6-Annelated Pyrrolidine-2,3-Diones: Growth-Regulating Activity in Chlorella vulgaris
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- Authors
- Spínola, M. P., Costa, M. M., & Prates, J. A. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Lisbon (PT)
- Corresponding author
- Prates, José A. M.
- Venue
- Animals
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-03-10
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1017
- ISSN
- 2076-2615 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10044532
- OpenAlex
- W4324091388
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 3
- FWCI
- 1.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Animals (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia grants (UI/BD/153071/2022, UIDB/00276/2020, LA/P/0059/2020, P2020/17/SI/70114/2019)
- Portugal2020 project (UI/BD/153071/2022, UIDB/00276/2020, LA/P/0059/2020, P2020/17/SI/70114/2019)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Animal Science and Zoology › Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Aquaculture Nutrition and Growth
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Algal biology and biofuel production
- Keywords
- Chlorella vulgaris, microalgal biomass, nutrient digestibility, bioaccessibility, bioavailability, poultry feed, pig feed, alternative feed ingredients, omega-3 fatty acids, protein and fat content
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