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Cited by 102Antibiotic Use and ResistancePharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental ImpactsAntibiotic Resistance in Bacteria

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Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Agriculture and Food Production Systems in Africa: A Systematic Review

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Mshana, Stephen E., Sindato, Calvin, Matee, Mecky I., Mboera, Leonard E. G.·2021·Antibiotics
DOI 10.3390/antibiotics10080976PMC PMC8389036
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Abstract

In Africa, there is dearth of information on antimicrobial use (AMU) in agriculture and food production systems and its consequential resistance in pathogens that affect animal, human and environmental health. Data published between 1980 and 2021 on the magnitude of AMU and AMR in agriculture and food productions systems in Africa were reviewed. Data from 13–27 countries in Africa indicate that 3558–4279 tonnes of antimicrobials were used in animals from 2015 to 2019. Tetracyclines and polypeptides contributed the largest proportion of antimicrobials used. Cattle and poultry production account for the largest consumption of antimicrobials in Africa. Although limited studies have reported AMR in crops, fish and beekeeping, AMR from a variety of farm animals has been substantially documented in Africa. Some countries in Africa have developed policies/plans to address AMU and AMR in agriculture and food production systems; however, their enforcement is challenged by weak regulations. In conclusion, although there is limited information on the quantities of antimicrobials used in agriculture and food production system, the levels of AMR are high. There is a need to strengthen regulatory authorities with a capacity to monitor AMU in agriculture and food production systems in Africa.

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  • Between 2015 and 2019, 3558-4279 tons of antimicrobials were used in animal production in 13-27 African countries.

    “Study reports have shown that between 2015 and 2019, 3558-4279 tons of antimicrobials were used in animal production in 13-27 African countries.”

    From Antimicrobial Resistance Rates and Surveillance in Sub-Saharan Africa: Where Are We Now? (2022) · cites this paper as [31]

    Section 3.3 reports the 3558–4279-tonne range for antimicrobial use in animal production, but its detailed figures place 4279 tonnes in 2014 or 2017 and 3558 tonnes in 2016 or 2020. It also places the low end of the country-count range, 13 countries, in 2014. Those Results passages do not establish the claimed figures specifically for 2015–2019. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Metadata

Authors
Mshana, S. E., Sindato, C., Matee, M. I., & Mboera, L. E. G.
Affiliations
  • Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (TZ)
  • Southern African Centre for Infectious Disease Surveillance (TZ)
  • Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (TZ)
Corresponding author
Mboera, Leonard E. G.
ORCID
Venue
Antibiotics
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-08-13
Volume
10
Issue
8
Pages
976
ISSN
2079-6382 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/antibiotics10080976
PMC
PMC8389036
OpenAlex
W3188739603
Cited by
102
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 23 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 2
FWCI
1.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Antibiotics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
African Centers for Disease Prevention and Contrl (NA)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antibiotic Use and Resistance
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Pharmaceutical and Antibiotic Environmental Impacts
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Microbiology (medical) › Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
Keywords
antimicrobial use, antimicrobial resistance, agriculture, food production systems, livestock, poultry, cattle, tetracycline, polypeptides, AMR policy, regulatory enforcement, Africa

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