Silymarin as a Natural Antioxidant: An Overview of the Current Evidence and Perspectives

The NOX Family of ROS-Generating NADPH Oxidases: Physiology and Pathophysiology

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Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Role of nrf2 in oxidative stress and toxicity

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The Nrf2 regulatory network provides an interface between redox and intermediary metabolism

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The thioredoxin antioxidant system

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Regulation of NF-κB by TNF family cytokines

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Enhanced healing of burn wounds by multifunctional alginate-chitosan hydrogel enclosing silymarin and zinc oxide nanoparticles

Valadi, M., Doostan, M., Khoshnevisan, K., Doostan, M., & Maleki, H. (2024) · Burns · doi:10.1016/j.burns.2024.07.021 · Cited by 24

Phytochemicals as Epigenetic Modulators in Chronic Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms

Cord, D., Rîmbu, M. C., Iordache, M. P., Albulescu, R., Pop, S., Tănase, C., & Popa, M.-L. (2025) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules30214317 · Cited by 27

Green and chemically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles: effects on in-vitro seedlings and callus cultures of Silybum marianum and evaluation of their antimicrobial and anticancer potential

Saeed, F., Younas, M. U., Fazal, H., Mushtaq, S., Rahman, F. U., Shah, M., Anjum, S., Ahmad, N., Ali, M., Hano, C., et al. (2021) · Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology · doi:10.1080/21691401.2021.1926274 · Cited by 23

Effects of Melatonin and Silymarin on Reactive Oxygen Species, Nitric Oxide Production, and Sperm Viability and Motility during Sperm Freezing in Pigs

Lee, S., & Lee, S. (2023) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani13101705 · Cited by 23

Effect of Silybum marianum fruit constituents on the health status of rabbits in repeated 42‐day fattening experiment

Kosina, P., Dokoupilová, A., Janda, K., Sládková, K., Silberová, P., Pivodová, V., & Jitka Ulrichová, A. (2016) · Animal Feed Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2016.11.013 · Cited by 23

A significant therapeutic effect of silymarin administered alone, or in combination with chemotherapy, in experimental pulmonary tuberculosis caused by drug-sensitive or drug-resistant strains: In vitro and in vivo studies

Rodríguez-Flores, E., Mata‐Espinosa, D., Barrios‐Payán, J., Marquina‐Castillo, B., Castañón-Arreola, M., & Hernández‐Pando, R. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0217457 · Cited by 23

Crosstalk Between Antioxidants and Adipogenesis: Mechanistic Pathways and Their Roles in Metabolic Health

Fu, M., Yoon, K., Ha, J., Kang, I., & Choe, W. (2025) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox14020203 · Cited by 25

In vivo hepatoprotective potential of extracts obtained from floral spikes of Prunella vulgaris L

Ahmad, G., Masoodi, M. H., Tabassum, N., Mir, S. A., & Iqbal, M. J. (2020) · Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2019.08.003 · Cited by 22

Silibinin-modified Hydroxyapatite coating promotes the osseointegration of titanium rods by activation SIRT1/SOD2 signaling pathway in diabetic rats

Tao, Z.-S., Wang, H., Li, T., & Wei, S. (2022) · Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10856-022-06684-1 · Cited by 22

Bioactivation of herbal constituents: mechanisms and toxicological relevance

Wen, B., & Gorycki, P. D. (2019) · Drug Metabolism Reviews · doi:10.1080/03602532.2019.1655570 · Cited by 23

Impact of aluminium toxicity on vital human sperm parameters—Protective effects of silymarin

Aghashahi, M., Momeni, H. R., & Darbandi, N. (2020) · Andrologia · doi:10.1111/and.13742 · Cited by 21

Silymarin Attenuates Hepatic and Pancreatic Redox Imbalance Independent of Glycemic Regulation in the Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rat Model.

Miranda, L. M. O., Agostini, L. D. C., de Lima, W. G., Camini, F. C., & Costa, D. C. (2020) · PubMed · doi:10.3967/bes2020.090 · Cited by 21

Silymarin mitigates bile duct obstruction-induced cholemic nephropathy

Ommati, M. M., Farshad, O., Azarpira, N., Ghazanfari, E., Niknahad, H., & Heidari, R. (2021) · Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00210-020-02040-8 · Cited by 21

Essential Oils as a Dietary Additive for Laying Hens: Performance, Egg Quality, Antioxidant Status, and Intestinal Morphology: A Meta-Analysis

Orzuna‐Orzuna, J. F., & Lara-Bueno, A. (2023) · Agriculture · doi:10.3390/agriculture13071294 · Cited by 21

Vitamin E and Silymarin Reduce Oxidative Tissue Damage during Gentamycin-Induced Nephrotoxicity

Georgiev, T., Nikolova, G., Dyakova, V., Karamalakova, Y. D., Georgieva, E., Ananiev, J. R., Иванов, В., & Hadzhibozheva, P. (2023) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph16101365 · Cited by 21

Silybin interacting with Cu 4 , Ag 4 and Au 4 clusters: Do these constitute antioxidant materials?

Reina, M., & Martı́nez, A. (2017) · Computational and Theoretical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.comptc.2017.03.034 · Cited by 21

Formulation and Evaluation of Silymarin-Loaded Chitosan-Montmorilloite Microbeads for the Potential Treatment of Gastric Ulcers

Sharma, A., Puri, V., Kakkar, V., & Singh, I. (2018) · Journal of Functional Biomaterials · doi:10.3390/jfb9030052 · Cited by 21

Silymarin protects against radiocontrast-induced nephropathy in mice

Santos, V. D. S., Peters, B., Côco, L. Z., Alves, G. M., de Assis, A. L. E. M., Nogueira, B. V., Meyrelles, S. S., Porto, M. L., Vasquez, E. C., Campagnaro, B. P., et al. (2019) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.061 · Cited by 21

Flavonoids, the Family of Plant-Derived Antioxidants Making Inroads into Novel Therapeutic Design Against Ionizing Radiation-Induced Oxidative Stress in Parkinson’s Disease

Behl, T., Kaur, G., Sehgal, A., Zengin, G., Singh, S., Ahmadi, A., & BUNGAU, S. G. (2021) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x19666210524152817 · Cited by 22

Micelle silymarin supplementation to fattening diet augments daily gain, nutrient digestibility, decreases toxic gas emissions, and ameliorates meat quality of fattening pigs

Zhang, Q., & Kim, I. H. (2022) · Czech Journal of Animal Science · doi:10.17221/184/2021-cjas · Cited by 20

The Radioprotective Potentials of Silymarin/Silibinin Against Radiotherapy- Induced Toxicities: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Experimental Studies

Latacela, G. A., Ramaiah, P., Patra, I., Jalil, A. T., Gupta, R., Madaminov, F. A., Shafik, S. S., Al-Gazally, M. E., Ansari, M. J., Kandeel, M. K., et al. (2022) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0929867330666221124155339 · Cited by 20

The interplay of arsenic, silymarin, and NF-ĸB pathway in male reproductive toxicity: A review

Mukherjee, A. G., & Gopalakrishnan, A. V. (2023) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114614 · Cited by 21

Evaluation of Bioactive Effects of Five Plant Extracts with Different Phenolic Compositions against Different Therapeutic Targets

Villegas-Aguilar, M. D. C., Sánchez‐Marzo, N., Fernández‐Ochoa, Á., del Río, C., Montaner, J., Micol, V., Herranz‐López, M., Barrajón‐Catalán, E., Arraéz-Román, D., Cádiz‐Gurrea, M. D. L. L., et al. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13020217 · Cited by 20

Providing the plant extract silymarin to lactating sows: effects on litter performance and oxidative stress in sows

Farmer, C., Lapointe, J., & Cormier, I. (2016) · animal · doi:10.1017/s1751731116001919 · Cited by 20

Genistein Binding to Copper(II)—Solvent Dependence and Effects on Radical Scavenging

Yang, J., Xu, Y., Liu, H., Han, R., Zhang, J., & Skibsted, L. H. (2017) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules22101757 · Cited by 20

Discovery of C-3 Tethered 2-oxo-benzo[1,4]oxazines as Potent Antioxidants: Bio-Inspired Based Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, Cytotoxic, and in Silico Molecular Docking Studies

Sharma, V., Jaiswal, P. K., Saran, M., Yadav, D. K., Saloni, S., Mathur, M., Swami, A. K., Misra, S., Kim, M., & Chaudhary, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Chemistry · doi:10.3389/fchem.2018.00056 · Cited by 21

The effect of silymarin supplementation on cognitive impairment induced by diabetes in rats

Yön, B., Belviranlı, M., & Okudan, N. (2019) · Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2018-0109 · Cited by 20

Pre-treatment With PLGA/Silibinin Nanoparticles Mitigates Dacarbazine-Induced Hepatotoxicity

Durymanov, M. O., Permyakova, A., & Reineke, J. (2020) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00495 · Cited by 20

The efficiency of indigenous isolates Bacillus sp. RCS1 and Bacillus cereus RCS3 on growth performance, blood biochemical indices and resistance against Vibrio harveyi in cobia fish (Rachycentron canadum) juveniles

Amenyogbe, E., Zhang, J., Huang, J., & Chen, G. (2022) · Aquaculture Reports · doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101241 · Cited by 19

Intranasal Delivery of a Silymarin Loaded Microemulsion for the Effective Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease in Rats: Formulation, Optimization, Characterization, and In Vivo Evaluation

Imran, M., Almehmadi, M. M., Alsaiari, A. A., Kamal, M., Alshammari, M. K., Alzahrani, M. O., Almaysari, F. K., Alzahrani, A. O., Elkerdasy, A., & Singh, S. K. (2023) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics15020618 · Cited by 19

A First Metabolite Analysis of Norfolk Island Pine Resin and Its Hepatoprotective Potential to Alleviate Methotrexate (MTX)-Induced Hepatic Injury

Sweilam, S. H., Ali, D. E., Atwa, A. M., Elgindy, A. M., Mustafa, A. M., Esmail, M. M., Alkabbani, M. A., Senna, M. M., & El‐Shiekh, R. A. (2024) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph17070970 · Cited by 19

Silymarin as an Antioxidant Therapy in Chronic Liver Diseases: A Comprehensive Review

Dhande, D., Dhok, A., Anjankar, A. P., & Nagpure, S. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.67083 · Cited by 19

Silibinin Improves TNF-α and M30 Expression and Histological Parameters in Rat Kidneys After Hepatic Ischemia/Reperfusion

Kyriakopoulos, G., Tsaroucha, A. K., Valsami, G. N., Lambropoulou, M., Kostomitsopoulos, N. G., Christodoulou, E., Kakazanis, Z., Anagnostopoulos, C., Tsalikidis, C., & Simopoulos, C. E. (2017) · Journal of Investigative Surgery · doi:10.1080/08941939.2017.1308044 · Cited by 19

Water-soluble pristine C60 fullerene attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury

Kuznietsova, H. M., Lynchak, O. V., Dziubenko, N., Herheliuk, T., Prylutskyy, Y. І., Rybalchenko, V. K., & Ritter, U. (2019) · Bioimpacts · doi:10.15171/bi.2019.28 · Cited by 19

Silymarin as a phytopharmaceutical agent: advances in mechanistic insights, formulation strategies, and pre-clinical applications

Sayyad, M., Sutar, A. D., Shivhare, K., Shukla, R., & Flora, S. J. S. (2025) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1711653 · Cited by 21

Silybum marianum (milk thistle) improves vancomycin induced nephrotoxicity by downregulating apoptosis

Malkani, N., Naeem, A., Ijaz, F., Mumtaz, S., Ashraf, S., & Sohail, M. I. (2020) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05635-9 · Cited by 18

Silymarin: A promising cardioprotective agent

Zalat, Z., Kohaf, N. A., El‐Din, M. A. A., Elewa, H., & Abdel-Latif, M. (2021) · Azhar International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences/Azhar International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Medical Sciences · doi:10.21608/aijpms.2021.52962.1014 · Cited by 18

Metabolomic Analysis Reveals Domestication-Driven Reshaping of Polyphenolic Antioxidants in Soybean Seeds

Li, X., Li, S., Wang, J., Chen, G. J., Tao, X., & Xu, S. (2023) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox12040912 · Cited by 18

The nutritional importance of milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ) and its beneficial influence on poultry

Elnesr, S. S., Elwan, H. A. M., Sabry, M. I. E., & Shehata, A. M. (2023) · World s Poultry Science Journal · doi:10.1080/00439339.2023.2234339 · Cited by 18

Synthetic and phytogenic antioxidants improve productive performance, antioxidant activity, gene expression, and offspring quality in breeder hens subjected to heat stress

Pasri, P., Rakngam, S., Gérard, N., Mermillod, P., & Khempaka, S. (2023) · Poultry Science · doi:10.1016/j.psj.2023.103390 · Cited by 18

The Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Potential of Berberine and Silymarin on Acetaminophen Induced Toxicity in Cyprinus carpio L.

Grădinariu, L., Dediu, L., Crețu, M., Grecu, I. R., Docan, A., Istrati, D. I., Dima, F. M., Stroe, M. D., & Vizireanu, C. (2024) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani14030373 · Cited by 19

The effects of silymarin consumption on inflammation and oxidative stress in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Bahari, H., Jazinaki, M. S., Rashidmayvan, M., Taheri, S., Amini, M. R., & Malekahmadi, M. (2024) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-023-01423-6 · Cited by 18

Silybin Alleviated Hepatic Injury by Regulating Redox Balance, Inflammatory Response, and Mitochondrial Function in Weaned Piglets under Paraquat-Induced Oxidative Stress

Cai, L., Ming, D., Chen, W., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Sun, W., Pi, Y., Jiang, X., & Li, X. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13030324 · Cited by 18

BBCEAS-HLPC measurements for synthetic antioxidants (TBHQ, BHA, and BHT) in deep-UV region below 300 nm

Bazina, N., Ahmed, T., Almdaaf, M., He, J., Sarker, M., & Islam, M. (2024) · Food Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.142150 · Cited by 17

Silibinin induces in vitro M2-like phenotype polarization in monocytes from preeclamptic women

Gomes, V. J., Nunes, P. R., Matias, M. L., Ribeiro, V. R., Devides, A. C., Castro, C. F. B., Romagnoli, G. G., Peraçoli, J. C., Peraçoli, M. T. S., & Romão‐Veiga, M. (2020) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107062 · Cited by 17

Significant immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective impacts of Silymarin in MS patients: A double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial

Abbasirad, F., Shaygannejad, V., Hosseininasab, F., Mirmosayyeb, O., Mahaki, B., Moayedi, B., & Esmaeil, N. (2021) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107715 · Cited by 17

Supplementing a Clay Mineral-Based Feed Additive Modulated Fecal Microbiota Composition, Liver Health, and Lipid Serum Metabolome in Dairy Cows Fed Starch-Rich Diets

Pacífico, C., Hartinger, T., Stauder, A., Schwartz, H., Reisinger, N., Faas, J., & Zebeli, Q. (2021) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.714545 · Cited by 17

Silymarin constrains diacetyl-prompted oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in rats: involvements of Dyn/GDNF and MAPK signaling pathway

Tabaa, M. M. E., Abo-Alazm, H. M., Shaalan, M., & Khedr, N. F. (2022) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-022-00961-9 · Cited by 17

Carnitine Enigma: From Antioxidant Action to Vitagene Regulation. Part 1. Absorption, Metabolism, and Antioxidant Activities

Surai, P. F. (2015) · Journal of Veterinary Science & Medicine · doi:10.13188/2325-4645.1000017 · Cited by 17

Role of oxidative stress in impaired type II diabetic bone repair: scope for antioxidant therapy intervention?

Li, P., Alenazi, K. K., Dally, J., Woods, E. L., Waddington, R. J., & Moseley, R. (2024) · Frontiers in Dental Medicine · doi:10.3389/fdmed.2024.1464009 · Cited by 18

How the presence of metal atoms and clusters can modify the properties of Silybin? A computational prediction

Reina, M., & Martı́nez, A. (2016) · Computational and Theoretical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.comptc.2016.11.030 · Cited by 17

Silibinin Upregulates CXCR4 Expression in Cultured Bone Marrow Cells (BMCs) Especially in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Rat Model

Zhang, T., Kawaguchi, N., Tsuji, K., Hayama, E., Furutani, Y., Sugiyama, H., & Nakanishi, T. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9051276 · Cited by 17

Effect of silymarin and metformin on the sperm parameters and histopathological changes of testes in diabetic rats: An experimental study

Pourheydar, B., Azarm, F., Farjah, G. H., Karimipour, M., & Pourheydar, M. (2022) · International Journal of Reproductive BioMedicine (IJRM) · doi:10.18502/ijrm.v19i12.10060 · Cited by 17

Silymarin Modulates Microbiota in the Gut to Improve the Health of Sow from Late Gestation to Lactation

Xu, S., Jiang, X., Jia, X., Jiang, X., Che, L., Lin, Y., Zhuo, Y., Feng, B., Fang, Z., Li, J., et al. (2022) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani12172202 · Cited by 17

An Evaluation of the In Vitro Roles and Mechanisms of Silibinin in Reducing Pyrazinamide- and Isoniazid-Induced Hepatocellular Damage

Goh, Z.-H., Tee, J. K., & Ho, H. K. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21103714 · Cited by 17

The role of antioxidants and their use in animal breeding and poultry farming (review)

Ostapchuk, P., Zubochenko, D., & Kuevda, T. A. (2019) · Agricultural science Euro-North-East · doi:10.30766/2072-9081.2019.20.2.103-117 · Cited by 16

Combined hepatoprotective pharmacotherapy for liver disease

Okovityi, S. V., Raikhelson, K. L., & Александровна, П. В. (2022) · Экспериментальная и клиническая гастроэнтерология · doi:10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-203-7-5-20 · Cited by 16

Effects of a Multi-Component Mycotoxin-Detoxifying Agent on Oxidative Stress, Health and Performance of Sows

Papatsiros, V. G., Eliopoulos, C., Voulgarakis, N., Arapoglou, D., Riahi, I., Sadurní, M., & Papakonstantinou, G. I. (2023) · Toxins · doi:10.3390/toxins15090580 · Cited by 16

Feasible feeding strategies for sustainable management of serve heat stress conditions: Effect of Milk Thistle extract on growth performance and health status of newly weaned rabbits

Hassan, M. A. E., Ragab, M. A., shazly, S. A. N., Ahmed, M. E., El-Kholany, M., & El‐Raghi, A. A. (2024) · Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition · doi:10.1111/jpn.13930 · Cited by 16

Dietary supplementation of micelle silymarin enhances the antioxidant status, innate immunity, growth performance, resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection, and gut morphology in Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

Hasanthi, M., Jo, S., Kim, H.-S., Yun, K.-S., Lee, Y.-J., & Lee, K. (2024) · Animal Feed Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2024.115953 · Cited by 16

In vivo antioxidant activity of mackerel (Scomber japonicus) muscle protein hydrolysate

Bashir, K. M. I., Mohibbullah, M., An, J. H., Choi, J., Hong, Y., Sohn, J. H., Kim, J., & Choi, J. (2018) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.6181 · Cited by 16

Effect of Silymarin Supplementation on Physical Performance, Muscle and Myocardium Histological Changes, Bodyweight, and Food Consumption in Rats Subjected to Regular Exercise Training

Vargas-Mendoza, N., Ángeles-Valencia, M., Madrigal‐Santillán, E., Morales-Martínez, M., Tirado-Lule, J. M., Solano-Urrusquieta, A., Madrigal-Bujaidar, E., Álvarez‐González, I., Fregoso-Aguilar, T. A., Morales‐González, Á., et al. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21207724 · Cited by 16

Herbs and their bioactive ingredients in cardio-protection: Underlying molecular mechanisms and evidences from clinical studies

Kumar, G., Dey, S. K., & Kundu, S. (2021) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153753 · Cited by 16

Polyphenols from Silybum marianum inhibit in vitro the oxidant response of equine neutrophils and myeloperoxidase activity

Zholobenko, A. V., Mouithys-Mickalad, A. A., Modrianský, M., Serteyn, D. A., & Franck, T. J. (2016) · Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/jvp.12319 · Cited by 16

Topical application of silymarin enhances cutaneous wound healing in rats

Alizadeh‐Tabari, S., Carpi, S., Polini, B., Nieri, P., Esfahani, M. L., Moghadamnia, A. A., Ghorbani, H., Ranaei, M., & Kazemi, S. (2019) · South African Journal of Botany · doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2019.06.004 · Cited by 16

Intervention by picroside II on FFAs induced lipid accumulation and lipotoxicity in HepG2 cells

Dhami-Shah, H., Vaidya, R., Talwadekar, M., Shaw, E., Udipi, S., Kolthur-Seetharam, U., & Vaidya, A. D. B. (2021) · Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jaim.2021.04.007 · Cited by 15

Fermented formulation of Silybum marianum seeds: Optimization, heavy metal analysis, and hepatoprotective assessment

Singla, R. K., Singh, D., Verma, R., Kaushik, D. K., Echeverría, J., Garg, V., Gupta, P., Rahman, M. A., Sharma, A., Mittal, V., et al. (2023) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155286 · Cited by 15

Contribution of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases to the antioxidant effects of propolis, artichoke and silymarin

Kalthoff, S., & Strassburg, C. P. (2018) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2018.08.013 · Cited by 15

Assessment of the toxicity effects of nicotine on sperm and IVF and the potential protective role of silymarin—an experimental study in mice

Rahimi‐Madiseh, M., Mohammadi, M., Hassanvand, A., Ahmadi, R., Shahmohammadi, M., & Rostamzadeh, A. (2020) · Middle East Fertility Society Journal · doi:10.1186/s43043-020-00025-4 · Cited by 20

The potential uses of silymarin, a milk thistle (Silybum marianum) derivative in poultry production system

WA., A. E.-G. W. A. E.-G. (2022) · Online Journal of Animal and Feed Research · doi:10.51227/ojafr.2022.7 · Cited by 15

Effects of Curcumin and Silymarin on the Shigella dysenteriae and Campylobacter jejuni In vitro

Kareem, S. M., Mahmood, S. S., & Hindi, N. K. K. (2019) · Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer · doi:10.1007/s12029-019-00301-1 · Cited by 15

Silymarin inhibited DU145 cells by activating SLIT2 protein and suppressing expression of CXCR4

Kaçar, S., Aykanat, N. E. B., & Şahıntürk, V. (2020) · Medical Oncology · doi:10.1007/s12032-020-1343-4 · Cited by 15

Silibinin exhibits anti-tumor effects in a breast cancer stem cell model by targeting stemness and induction of differentiation and apoptosis

Firouzi, J., Sotoodehnejadnematalahi, F., Shokouhifar, A., Rahimi, M., Sodeifi, N., Sahranavardfar, P., Azimi, M., Janzamin, E., Safa, M., & Ebrahimi, M. (2022) · Bioimpacts · doi:10.34172/bi.2022.23336 · Cited by 14

The Impact of Silymarin on Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Vajdi, M., Adeli, S., Karimi, A., Asghariazar, V., Jazani, A. M., & Azgomi, R. N. D. (2025) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1155/ijcp/3985207 · Cited by 14

Protective effects of combined β-caryophyllene and silymarin against ketoprofen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats

Kelany, M. E., & Abdallah, M. A. (2016) · Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1139/cjpp-2015-0607 · Cited by 14

Modulatory Effect of Silymarin on Apoptosis in Testosterone -Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rats

El‐Ashmawy, N. E., Khedr, E. G., El‐Bahrawy, H. A., & Helmy, N. N. (2020) · Pathology & Oncology Research · doi:10.1007/s12253-019-00764-4 · Cited by 14

Scolymus hispanicus (Golden Thistle) Ameliorates Hepatic Steatosis and Metabolic Syndrome by Reducing Lipid Accumulation, Oxidative Stress, and Inflammation in Rats under Hyperfatty Diet

Berdja, S., Boudarene, L., Smail, L., Neggazi, S., Boumaza, S., Sahraoui, A., Haffaf, E. M., Kacimi, G., & Bouguerra, S. A. (2021) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2021/5588382 · Cited by 14

Silybin Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis by Suppressing Dendritic Cell Activation and Th17 Cell Differentiation

Yang, H.-L., & Shi, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Neurology · doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.659678 · Cited by 14

Crosstalk between E2F1 and P53 transcription factors in doxorubicin-induced DNA damage: evidence for preventive/protective effects of silymarin

Shafiei-Roudbari, S.-K., Malekinejad, H., Janbazacyabar, H., & Razi, M. (2017) · Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/jphp.12745 · Cited by 14

Rationale of combination therapy with antioxidants in medical management of Peyronie’s disease: results of clinical application

Paulis, G., Paulis, A., Romano, G., Barletta, D., & Fabiani, A. (2017) · Research and Reports in Urology · doi:10.2147/rru.s141748 · Cited by 15

Silibinin treatment results in reducing OPA1&MFN1 genes expression in a rat model hepatic ischemia–reperfusion

Qajari, N. M., Shafaroudi, M. M., Gholami, M., & Khonakdar-Tarsi, A. (2020) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-020-05383-w · Cited by 14

Silibinin protects rat pancreatic β‐cell through up‐regulation of estrogen receptors' signaling against amylin‐ or Aβ1–42‐induced reactive oxygen species/reactive nitrogen species generation

Yang, J., Sun, Y., Xu, F., Liu, W., Hayashi, T., Hattori, S., Ushiki‐Kaku, Y., Onodera, S., Tashiro, S., & Ikejima, T. (2019) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.6293 · Cited by 14

The Effect of Combined Diet Containing n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Silymarin on Metabolic Syndrome in Rats

Poruba, M., Anzenbacher, P., Rácová, Z., Oliyarnyk, O., Hüttl, M., Malínská, H., Marková, I., Gurská, S., Kazdová, L., & Večeřa, R. (2019) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.934322 · Cited by 13

The Combination of Atorvastatin With Silymarin Enhances Hypolipidemic, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects in a Rat Model of Metabolic Syndrome

Marková, I., Malínská, H., Hüttl, M., Miklánková, D., Oliyarnyk, O., Poruba, M., Rácová, Z., Kazdová, L., & Večeřa, R. (2021) · Physiological Research · doi:10.33549/physiolres.934587 · Cited by 13

EFFECT OF SALICYLLC ACID FOLIAR APPLICATION ON PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SILYBUM MARIANUM

Rad, Z. M., Nourafcan, H., Mohebalipour, N., Assadi, A., & Jamshidi, S. (2021) · IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES · doi:10.36103/ijas.v52i1.1236 · Cited by 13

Ameliorative effect of silymarin on the quality of frozen–thawed boar spermatozoa

Yue, S., Wang, S., Liu, X., Bian, X., Ding, C., Wu, T., Li, D., & Zhou, J. (2022) · Reproduction in Domestic Animals · doi:10.1111/rda.14286 · Cited by 13

Effects of Dietary Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum) Supplementation in Ducks Fed Mycotoxin-Contaminated Diets

Bencze-Nagy, J., Strifler, P., Horváth, B., Such, N., Farkas, V., Dublecz, K., & Pál, L. (2023) · Veterinary Sciences · doi:10.3390/vetsci10020100 · Cited by 13

The beneficial impact of silymarin-loaded chitosan nanoparticles on the quality of frozen-thawed buffalo sperm: Antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects

El‐Raghi, A. A., Elmorsy, E. M., Hassan, M. A. E., Essawi, W. M., Hassab, S. H. M., Embaby, E. M., & Marghani, B. H. (2025) · Theriogenology · doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2025.117425 · Cited by 13

Combating oxidative stress in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: From mechanisms to therapeutic strategies

El‐Sehrawy, A. A. M. A., Mohammed, A. N., Gupta, J., Mohammed, J. S., Roopashree, R., Kashyap, A., Janney, J. B., Sahoo, S., Al-Hasnaawei, S., & Nasr, Y. M. (2025) · Pathology - Research and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.prp.2025.156053 · Cited by 14

Milk Thistle Seeds in Health

Bhattacharya, S. (2020) · Nuts and Seeds in Health and Disease Prevention · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818553-7.00030-9 · Cited by 13

The favorable impacts of silibinin polyphenols as adjunctive therapy in reducing the complications of COVID-19: A review of research evidence and underlying mechanisms

Musazadeh, V., Karimi, A., bagheri, N., Jafarzadeh, J., Sanaie, S., Vajdi, M., Karimi, M., & Niazkar, H. R. (2022) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113593 · Cited by 13

Synergistic effect of trans-zeatin and silymarin on mitigation of cadmium stress in chili pepper through modulating the activity of antioxidant enzymes and gene expressions

Rady, M. M., Alshallash, K. S., Desoky, E. M., Taie, H. A. A., Mohamed, I. A. A., El-Badri, A. M., Howladar, S. M., & Abdelkhalik, A. (2023) · Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants · doi:10.1016/j.jarmap.2023.100498 · Cited by 13

Phytosomes: a modernistic approach to the delivery of herbal drugs

Nsairat, H., Khater, D., Odeh, F., Jaber, A. M., Al-Sulaibi, M., Alshaer, W., Bawab, A. A., & Mubarak, M. S. (2023) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91668-4.00029-0 · Cited by 17

Antigenotoxicity protection of Carapa guianensis oil against mitomycin C and cyclophosphamide in mouse bone marrow

Lemes, S. R., Chaves, D. A., Júnior, N. J. D. S., Carneiro, C. C., Chen-Chen, L., Almeida, L. M., Gonçalves, P. J., & Reis, P. R. D. M. (2017) · Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências · doi:10.1590/0001-3765201720150797 · Cited by 13

Pathogenic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implication in Nickel-Induced Cell Damage

Salimi, A., Jamali, Z., Atashbar, S., Khezri, S., Ghorbanpour, A. M., & Etefaghi, N. (2020) · Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/1871530320666200214123118 · Cited by 14

Effects of Feeding Increasing Levels of Yerba Mate on Lamb Meat Quality and Antioxidant Activity

Pena-Bermudez, Y. A., Lobo, R. R., Moreno, D. A. R., Poleti, M., de Amorim, T. R., Rosa, A. F., Pereira, A. S. C., Pinheiro, R. S. B., & Bueno, I. C. D. S. (2020) · Animals · doi:10.3390/ani10091458 · Cited by 13

Plant extracts with antioxidant and hepatoprotective benefits for liver health: A bibliometric analysis of drug delivery systems

Mittal, G. C., Prashanth, A., Dhali, A., Prasad, R., Subramanian, Y., Nurani, K. M., & Găman, M. (2025) · World Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.3748/wjg.v31.i18.105836 · Cited by 12

Nanocrystals loaded collagen/alginate-based injectable hydrogels: A promising biomaterial for bioavailability improvement of hydrophobic drugs

Jabeen, N., Sohail, M. F., Mahmood, A., Shah, S. A., Qalawlus, A. H. M., & Khaliq, T. (2023) · Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2023.105291 · Cited by 12

Impacts of Supplementation with Silymarin on Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Dose–Response Meta-Analysis

Mohammadi, S., Asbaghi, O., Afrisham, R., Farrokhi, V., Jadidi, Y., Mofidi, F., & Ashtary‐Larky, D. (2024) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox13040390 · Cited by 17

Effects of micelle silymarin in corn-soybean meal-based diet on laying hens' performance, egg quality, and blood profile, with comparative assessment of blood absorption rates between powdered and micelle silymarin

Ahammad, G. S., Jang, S. Y., & Kim, I. H. (2024) · Poultry Science · doi:10.1016/j.psj.2024.104029 · Cited by 12

Silymarin: not just another antioxidant

Camini, F. C., & Costa, D. C. (2020) · Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology · doi:10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0206 · Cited by 71

Flavonoids of Silybum marianum (Milk thistle): Their multifaceted hepatoprotective effects against oxidative stress: A comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical evidence

Saadallah, H. A., AL-krdoshi, M. A., Aljarjary, N. H. S., Gaddawi, F. Y., & Fathi, S. M. (2026) · American Journal of Biopharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.25259/ajbps_5_2026

Milk Thistle ( Silybum marianum ) for the Therapy of Liver Disease

Flora, K. D., Hahn, M., Rosen, H. R., & Benner, K. G. (1998) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.1998.00139.x · Cited by 747

Silymarin

National Cancer Institute (2020) · Definitions · doi:10.32388/zode09

silymarin 的 Hepatoprotective 效果

Nancy, Vargas-Mendoza, Eduardo, E., Madrigal-Santillán, ngel, Morales-González, Jaime, Esquivel-Soto, César, Esquivel-Chirino, et al. (2014)