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RNA-Binding Proteins Hold Key Roles in Function, Dysfunction, and Disease

Kelaini, Sophia, Chan, Celine, Cornelius, Victoria A, Margariti, Andriana·2021·Biology
DOI 10.3390/biology10050366PMC PMC8146904
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Abstract

RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are multi-faceted proteins in the regulation of RNA or its RNA splicing, localisation, stability, and translation. Amassing proof from many recent and dedicated studies reinforces the perception of RBPs exerting control through differing expression levels, cellular localization and post-transcriptional alterations. However, since the regulation of RBPs is reliant on the micro-environment and events like stress response and metabolism, their binding affinities and the resulting RNA-RBP networks may be affected. Therefore, any misregulation and disruption in the features of RNA and its related homeostasis can lead to a number of diseases that include diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other disorders such as cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. As such, correct regulation of RNA and RBPs is crucial to good health as the effect RBPs exert through loss of function can cause pathogenesis. In this review, we will discuss the significance of RBPs and their typical function and how this can be disrupted in disease.

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  • RNA binding proteins are post-transcriptional regulators of protein expression that bind RNA recognition motifs within the 5'UTR, coding region, or 3'UTR of target genes to facilitate alternative splicing, RNA export, translation, and stabilization or degradation of RNA transcripts.

    “RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are post-transcriptional regulators of protein expression that bind RNA recognition motifs within the 5’UTR, coding region (intron or exon), or 3’UTR of target genes to facilitate a variety of functions including alternative splicing, RNA export from the nucleus, translation, and stabilization or degradation of RNA transcripts58,59.”

    From Pathways and Molecular Mechanisms Governing LDL Receptor Regulation (2025) · cites this paper as [59]

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Sorted by citations

Authors
Kelaini, S., Chan, C., Cornelius, V. A., & Margariti, A.
Affiliations
Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
ORCID
Kelaini, Sophia
Venue
Biology
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-04-24
Volume
10
Issue
5
Pages
366
ISSN
2079-7737
DOI
10.3390/biology10050366
PMC
PMC8146904
Cited by
94
References
9
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Funders
British Heart Foundation (BHF PG/18/29/33731)

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