Cited by 174Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyExercise and Physiological ResponsesSports Performance and Training

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 82 of the 82 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Lactate as a Signaling Molecule That Regulates Exercise-Induced Adaptations

Open access

Abstract

Lactate (or its protonated form: lactic acid) has been studied by many exercise scientists. The lactate paradigm has been in constant change since lactate was first discovered in 1780. For many years, it was unfairly seen as primarily responsible for muscular fatigue during exercise and a waste product of glycolysis. The status of lactate has slowly changed to an energy source, and in the last two decades new evidence suggests that lactate may play a much bigger role than was previously believed: many adaptations to exercise may be mediated in some way by lactate. The mechanisms behind these adaptations are yet to be understood. The aim of this review is to present the state of lactate science, focusing on how this molecule may mediate exercise-induced adaptations.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/biology5040038

Cites

82 of 82 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Figures

Figure 1 HIF-1 activates signals which favor lactate production. Additionally, lactate indirectly affects HIF-1. The dotted arrows indicate transport and reactions, solid lines indicate increased (black) or inhibit (red) gene expression. HIF-1: hypoxia inducible factor-1; PDK: pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1; PFK: phosphofructokinase; PDH: pyruvate dehydrogenase; LDHA: lactate dehydrogenase A; ROS: reactive oxygen species; MCT4: monocarboxylate transporter 4.
Figure 1 HIF-1 activates signals which favor lactate production. Additionally, lactate indirectly affects HIF-1. The dotted arrows indicate transport and reactions, solid lines indicate increased (black) or inhibit (red) gene expression. HIF-1: hypoxia inducible factor-1; PDK: pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1; PFK: phosphofructokinase; PDH: pyruvate dehydrogenase; LDHA: lactate dehydrogenase A; ROS: reactive oxygen species; MCT4: monocarboxylate transporter 4.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 PGC1-alpha controls lactate transport and homeostasis. Lactate also affects PGC1-alpha. The dotted arrows indicate transport and reactions; solid lines indicate increased (black) or inhibit (red) gene expression. ROS: reactive oxygen species; PGC1-alpha: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha; LDHA/B: lactate dehydrogenase A/B; MCT1: monocarboxylate transporter 1.
Figure 2 PGC1-alpha controls lactate transport and homeostasis. Lactate also affects PGC1-alpha. The dotted arrows indicate transport and reactions; solid lines indicate increased (black) or inhibit (red) gene expression. ROS: reactive oxygen species; PGC1-alpha: peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha; LDHA/B: lactate dehydrogenase A/B; MCT1: monocarboxylate transporter 1.CC BY · PubMed Central

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 82 references

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Items 101–173 of 173

Metadata

Authors
Nalbandian, M., & Takeda, M.
Affiliations
Doshisha University (JP)
Corresponding author
Nalbandian, Minas
Venue
Biology
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2016-10-08
Volume
5
Issue
4
Pages
38
ISSN
2079-7737 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2528335443
Cited by
174
References
82
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 24 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4
FWCI
2.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Exercise and Physiological Responses
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
Keywords
lactate, lactic acid, exercise-induced adaptations, signaling molecules, muscle fatigue, glycolysis, energy metabolism, exercise physiology

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review