Lithium-Sulfur Battery Technology Readiness and Applications—A Review
Open accessAbstract
Lithium Sulfur (Li-S) battery is generally considered as a promising technology where high energy density is required at different applications. Over the past decade, there has been an ever increasing volume of Li-S academic research spanning materials development, fundamental understanding and modelling, and application-based control algorithm development. In this study, the Li-S battery technology, its advantages and limitations from the fundamental perspective are firstly discussed. In the second part of this study, state-of-the-art Li-S cell modelling and state estimation techniques are reviewed with a focus on practical applications. The existing studies on Li-S cell equivalent-circuit-network modelling and state estimation techniques are then discussed. A number of challenges in control of Li-S battery are also explained such as the flat open-circuit-voltage curve and high sensitivity of Li-S cell’s behavior to temperature variation. In the last part of this study, current and future applications of Li-S battery are mentioned.
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In most cases, the lifespan of a Li-S cell is limited to few hundred cycles, especially at high discharge currents.
“In most cases, the lifespan of a Li-S cell is limited to few hundred cycles, especially at high discharge currents [45,50].”
From Parametric Study of a Lunar Base Power Systems (2021) · cites this paper as [45]
Today Li-S batteries exhibit limited instantaneous power capabilities, high self-discharge and relatively high-capacity decay.
“Today Li-S batteries exhibit limited instantaneous power capabilities, high self-discharge and relatively high-capacity decay [45,46].”
From Parametric Study of a Lunar Base Power Systems (2021) · cites this paper as [45]
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- Authors
- Fotouhi, A., Auger, D., O’Neill, L., Cleaver, T., & Walus, S.
- Affiliations
- Cranfield University (GB)
- Culham Science Centre (GB)
- OXIS Energy, Culham Science Centre, Abingdon, Oxfordshire OX14 3DB, UK
- Corresponding author
- Fotouhi, Abbas
- Venue
- Energies
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017-11-23
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1937
- ISSN
- 1996-1073 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2768588210
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 9
- FWCI
- 9.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Energies (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- CERES (Cranfield University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Cranfield University
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/L505286/1, EP/L505286/)
- Innovate UK
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Advanced Battery Technologies Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Advancements in Battery Materials
- Keywords
- lithium-sulfur batteries, battery modeling, state estimation, open-circuit voltage, temperature sensitivity, high energy density, battery applications
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