Cited by 151Child Nutrition and Water AccessSchool Health and Nursing EducationBehavioral Health and Interventions

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Behavior Change without Behavior Change Communication: Nudging Handwashing among Primary School Students in Bangladesh

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Dreibelbis, Robert, Kroeger, Anne, Hossain, Kamal, Venkatesh, Mohini, Ram, Pavani·2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

DOI 10.3390/ijerph13010129PMC PMC4730520

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Abstract

Behavior change communication for improving handwashing with soap can be labor and resource intensive, yet quality results are difficult to achieve. Nudges are environmental cues engaging unconscious decision-making processes to prompt behavior change. In this proof-of-concept study, we developed an inexpensive set of nudges to encourage handwashing with soap after toilet use in two primary schools in rural Bangladesh. We completed direct observation of behaviors at baseline, after providing traditional handwashing infrastructure, and at multiple time periods following targeted handwashing nudges (1 day, 2 weeks, and 6 weeks). No additional handwashing education or motivational messages were completed. Handwashing with soap among school children was low at baseline (4%), increasing to 68% the day after nudges were completed and 74% at both 2 weeks and 6 weeks post intervention. Results indicate that nudge-based interventions have the potential to improve handwashing with soap among school-aged children in Bangladesh and specific areas of further inquiry are discussed.

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Authors: Dreibelbis, R., Kroeger, A., Hossain, K., Venkatesh, M., & Ram, P.
Affiliations: University of Oklahoma (US)
Save the Children (BD)
Save the Children (US)
University at Buffalo, State University of New York (US)
Corresponding author: Dreibelbis, Robert
ORCID: Dreibelbis, Robert
Hossain, Kamal
Ram, Pavani
Venue: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2016-01-14
Volume: 13
Issue: 1
Pages: 129
ISSN: 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13010129
PMC: PMC4730520
OpenAlex: W2234246835
Cited by: 151
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6
FWCI: 11.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders: University of Oklahoma
Topics: Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
Keywords: handwashing with soap, nudging, behavior change, behavior change communication, elementary school students, toilet use, environmental cues, hygiene practices, low-cost interventions, rural Bangladesh
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Audiovisual Aids, Bangladesh, Child, Communication, Decision Making, Female, Hand Disinfection, Health Promotion, Humans, Male, Motivation, Pilot Projects, Rural Population, Schools, Students, Health Behavior, Risk Reduction Behavior

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Behavior Change without Behavior Change Communication: Nudging Handwashing among Primary School Students in Bangladesh

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