CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 39

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Frailty and Its Contributory Factors in Older Adults: A Comparison of Two Asian Regions (Hong Kong and Taiwan)

Yu, Ruby, Wu, Wan-Chi, Leung, Jason, Hu, Susan C., Woo, Jean·2017·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph14101096PMC PMC5664597
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the prevalence of frailty across three Chinese populations: Hong Kong, Taiwan-urban and Taiwan-rural. Contributing factors to disparities in frailty were also examined. Data were derived from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOs) and Women (MsOs) (Hong Kong) Study (n = 4000) and the Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (n = 2392). Frailty was defined as an index calculated from 30 multiple deficits. The ratio of the frailty index to life expectancy at birth (FI/LE) was used as an indicator of compression of morbidity. Frailty was more prevalent in Taiwan-urban (33.1%) and Taiwan-rural (38.1%) compared to Hong Kong (16.6%, p < 0.05) and was higher in women (22.6–49.7%) than in men (10.5–27.5%, p < 0.05). The ratios of FI/LE were higher in Taiwan-urban and Taiwan-rural (both 0.27) compared to Hong Kong (0.20, p < 0.05). Multivariate analyses revealed that older age, being a woman and low levels of physical activity were common risk factors for frailty across the three populations. Alcohol use was inversely associated with frailty in both Hong Kong and Taiwan-urban populations, but not in Taiwan-rural. Living alone was associated with frailty in Hong Kong men, but not in Hong Kong women or Taiwanese people. For all study populations, older age and being a woman constituted the highest attributable factor. This comparison provides useful data to inform government policies.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/ijerph14101096

Cites

6 of 6 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 42

  1. Wang, H.H., Wang, J.J., Wong, S.Y., Wong, M.C., Li, F.J., Wang, P.X., Zhou, Z.H., Zhu, C.Y., Griffiths, S.M., and Mercer, S.W. (2014). Epidemiology of multimorbidity in China and implications for the healthcare system: Cross-sectional survey among 162,464 community household residents in southern China. BMC Med., 12. · DOI
  2. Yu, 2009, Basic ADL disability and functional limitation rates among older Americans from 2000 to 2005: The end of the decline?, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 64, 1333
  3. Feng, 2013, Trends in ADL and IADL disability in community-dwelling older adults in Shanghai, China, 1998–2008, J. Gerontol. B Psychol. Sci. Soc. Sci., 68, 476, 10.1093/geronb/gbt012 · DOI
  4. Vita, 1998, Aging, health risks, and cumulative disability, N. Engl. J. Med., 338, 1035, 10.1056/NEJM199804093381506 · DOI
  5. Swartz, 2008, James Fries: Healthy aging pioneer, Am. J. Public Health, 98, 1163, 10.2105/AJPH.2008.135731 · DOI
  6. Fried, 2001, Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 56, M146, 10.1093/gerona/56.3.M146 · DOI · Paper page
  7. Fried, 2004, Untangling the concepts of disability, frailty, and comorbidity: Implications for improved targeting and care, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 59, 255, 10.1093/gerona/59.3.M255 · DOI · Paper page
  8. Ensrud, 2008, Comparison of 2 frailty indexes for prediction of falls, disability, fractures, and death in older women, Arch. Intern. Med., 168, 382, 10.1001/archinternmed.2007.113 · DOI · Paper page
  9. Kenny, 2012, The frailty index in Europeans: Association with age and mortality, Age Ageing, 41, 684, 10.1093/ageing/afs051 · DOI
  10. Chen, 2017, Frailty as a predictor of future fracture in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Worldviews Evid. Based Nurs., 14, 282, 10.1111/wvn.12222 · DOI
  11. Woo, J., Zheng, Z., Leung, J., and Chan, P. (2015). Prevalence of frailty and contributory factors in three Chinese populations with different socioeconomic and healthcare characteristics. BMC Geriatr., 15. · DOI
  12. Rockwood, 2005, A global clinical measure of fitness and frailty in elderly people, Can. Med. Assoc. J., 173, 489, 10.1503/cmaj.050051 · DOI · Paper page
  13. Rockwood, 2007, A comparison of two approaches to measuring frailty in elderly people, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 62, 738, 10.1093/gerona/62.7.738 · DOI · Paper page
  14. Cuenoud, 2009, Prevalence of frailty in middle-aged and older community-dwelling Europeans living in 10 countries, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 64, 675
  15. Collard, 2012, Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: A systematic review, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 60, 1487, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04054.x · DOI · Paper page
  16. Saum, 2014, Frailty prevalence and 10-year survival in community-dwelling older adults: Results from the ESTHER cohort study, Eur. J. Epidemiol., 29, 171, 10.1007/s10654-014-9891-6 · DOI
  17. Woo, 2015, Frailty screening in the community using the FRAIL scale, J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc., 16, 412, 10.1016/j.jamda.2015.01.087 · DOI
  18. Kojima, 2017, Prevalence of frailty in Japan: A systematic review and meta-analysis, J. Epidemiol., 27, 347, 10.1016/j.je.2016.09.008 · DOI
  19. Clegg, 2013, Frailty in elderly people, Lancet, 381, 752, 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62167-9 · DOI · Paper page
  20. Noguchi, 2016, Prevalence of the geriatric syndromes and frailty in older men living in the community: The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project, Australas. J. Ageing, 35, 255, 10.1111/ajag.12310 · DOI
  21. Harttgen, K., Kowal, P., Strulik, H., Chatterji, S., and Vollmer, S. (2013). Patterns of frailty in older adults: Comparing results from higher and lower income countries using the survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe (SHARE) and the study on global ageing and adult health (SAGE). PLoS ONE, 8. · DOI
  22. Wong, 2005, Bone mineral density and the risk of peripheral arterial disease in men and women: Results from Mr. and Ms. Os, Hong Kong, Osteoporos. Int., 16, 1933, 10.1007/s00198-005-1968-3 · DOI
  23. Folstein, 1975, Mini-Mental State—Practical method for grading cognitive state of patients for clinician, J. Psychiatr. Res., 12, 189, 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6 · DOI · Paper page
  24. Yesavage, 1986, Geriatric depression scale (GDS), Clin. Gerontol., 5, 165, 10.1300/J018v05n01_09 · DOI
  25. Pfeiffer, 1975, A short portable mental status questionnaire for the assessment of organic brain deficit in elderly patients, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 23, 433, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1975.tb00927.x · DOI
  26. Hsu, 2015, Reducing the risks of morbidity, disability, and mortality using successful aging strategies, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 63, 2426, 10.1111/jgs.13817 · DOI
  27. Gefeller, 2001, The concept of attributable risk in epidemiology: Yesterday, today and tomorrow, Stat. Methods Med. Res., 10, 157, 10.1177/096228020101000301 · DOI
  28. Shye, 1995, Gender differences in the relationship between social network support and mortality—A longitudinal-study of an elderly cohort, Soc. Sci. Med., 41, 935, 10.1016/0277-9536(94)00404-H · DOI
  29. McLaughlin, 2010, Gender differences in social network size and satisfaction in adults in their 70s, J. Health Psychol., 15, 671, 10.1177/1359105310368177 · DOI
  30. Smith, 1996, Risk of mortality following widowhood: Age and sex differences by mode of death, Soc. Biol., 43, 59
  31. Woods, 2005, Frailty: Emergence and consequences in women aged 65 and older in the Women’s Health Initiative Observational Study, J. Am. Geriatr. Soc., 53, 1321, 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53405.x · DOI · Paper page
  32. Ortola, 2016, Patterns of alcohol consumption and risk of frailty in community-dwelling older adults, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 71, 251, 10.1093/gerona/glv125 · DOI
  33. Shah, 2016, C-reactive protein level partially mediates the relationship between moderate alcohol use and frailty: The health and retirement study, Age Ageing, 45, 874, 10.1093/ageing/afw103 · DOI
  34. Fried, 2009, Nonlinear multisystem physiological dysregulation associated with frailty in older women: Implications for etiology and treatment, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 64, 1049, 10.1093/gerona/glp076 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Hubbard, 2009, Inflammation and frailty measures in older people, J. Cell Mol. Med., 13, 3103, 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2009.00733.x · DOI · Paper page
  36. Peterson, 2009, Physical activity as a preventative factor for frailty: The health, aging, and body composition study, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 64, 61, 10.1093/gerona/gln001 · DOI
  37. Cabo, 2016, A multicomponent exercise intervention that reverses frailty and improves cognition, emotion, and social networking in the community-dwelling frail elderly: A randomized clinical trial, J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc., 17, 426, 10.1016/j.jamda.2016.01.019 · DOI
  38. Puts, 2017, Interventions to prevent or reduce the level of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: A scoping review of the literature and international policies, Age Ageing, 46, 383
  39. Rockwood, 2007, Frailty in relation to the accumulation of deficits, J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 62, 722, 10.1093/gerona/62.7.722 · DOI · Paper page
  40. Searle, S.D., Mitnitski, A., Gahbauer, E.A., Gill, T.M., and Rockwood, K. (2008). A standard procedure for creating a frailty index. BMC Geriatr., 8. · DOI · Paper page
  41. Gu, 2009, Health cumulative deficit index and its validity among the Chinese elderly, Popul. Econ., 5, 52
  42. Yang, F., and Gu, D.N. (2016). Predictability of frailty index and its components on mortality in older adults in China. BMC Geriatr., 16. · DOI

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 39

Metadata

Authors
Yu, R., Wu, W.-C., Leung, J., Hu, S. C., & Woo, J.
Affiliations
  • Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
  • Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
  • The Chinese University of Hong Kong Jockey Club Centre for Osteoporosis Care and Control, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2017-09-21
Volume
14
Issue
10
Pages
1096
ISSN
1660-4601
DOI
10.3390/ijerph14101096
PMC
PMC5664597
Cited by
39
References
6
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review