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Exploring Perceived Stress among Students in Turkey during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Aslan, Imran, Ochnik, Dominika, Çınar, Orhan·2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health

DOI 10.3390/ijerph17238961PMC PMC7729602

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Abstract

Students have been highly vulnerable to mental health issues during the COVID-19 pandemic, and researchers have shown that perceived stress and mental health problems have increased during the pandemic. The aim of this study was to reveal the prevalence of perceived stress and mental health among students during the pandemic and to explore predictors of stress levels. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 358 undergraduates from 14 universities in Turkey, including 200 female students (56%). The measurements used in the study were the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Perception of COVID Impact on Student Well-Being (CI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Physical Activity Scale (PA), and a sociodemographic survey. Students reported high perceived stress, mild generalized anxiety, and low satisfaction with life. More than half of the students met the diagnostic criteria of GAD (52%) and depression (63%). Female and physically inactive students had higher PSS-10 levels. A hierarchical linear regression model showed that after controlling for gender and negative CI, anxiety and physical inactivity significantly predicted high perceived stress. The study shows that students' mental health during the pandemic is at high risk.

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Authors: Aslan, I., Ochnik, D., & Çınar, O.
Affiliations: Faculty of Health Sciences, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Turkey
Akademia Śląska (PL)
Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University (TR)
ORCID: Ochnik, Dominika
Çınar, Orhan
Venue: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2020-12-02
Volume: 17
Issue: 23
Pages: 8961
ISSN: 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238961
PMC: PMC7729602
OpenAlex: W3108657110
Cited by: 255
References: 80
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 62 · 2022: 76 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 1
FWCI: 17.81
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Ağrı İbrahim Çeçen University Institutional Repository (submittedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Keywords: perceived stress, student mental health, COVID-19 pandemic, generalized anxiety disorder, depression, life satisfaction, physical inactivity, gender differences, predictors of stress, university students
MeSH terms: COVID-19, Anxiety, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Female, Humans, Male, Stress, Psychological, Students, Turkey, Universities, Pandemics

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