Mental health during COVID-19 pandemic: the role of optimism and emotional regulation
Open accessAbstract
In light of different challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, university students are considered a particularly vulnerable population to mental health and study engagement issues. The first years at university represent a crucial period for students and are associated with an increase in mental health problems, particularly in healthcare studies. This study aimed (1) to document the current levels of mental health and study engagement among healthcare students in Tunisia, and (2) to investigate the relationships between emotional regulation, optimism, study engagement and common mental health problems (stress, anxiety and depression) among this population. A cross-sectional, electronic survey-based research design was used to draw a sample of 366 health care students from a University in Tunisia. Participants mostly reported mild (34.7%) or moderate (44.3%) levels of depression, moderate (44.7%) or severe (33.6%) levels of anxiety, average (50.8%) or mild (33.8%) levels of stress, and high levels of study engagement (>85%). Through structural equation modelling, the results showed that emotional regulation negatively affected stress, anxiety, and depression. Optimism partially mediated the relationship between emotional regulation, anxiety and depression and fully mediated the relationship between emotional regulation and study engagement. The findings indicated a high prevalence of psychological distress among healthcare university students in Tunisia, and specific protective factors that may be targeted to reduce mental health problems.
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Some studies highlighted utilization of negative coping strategies, including smoking and alcohol consumption, by students (30, 33, 34).
“some studies have highlighted the utilization of negative coping strategies, including smoking and alcohol consumption, by students (30, 33, 34).”
From Mental health status and coping strategies during COVID-19 pandemic among university students in Central Serbia (2023) · cites this paper as [34]
The Introduction (page unavailable) says student stressors may lead to substance abuse, which supports the general link between student stress and harmful substance use. It does not identify smoking or alcohol consumption as coping strategies used by students; its separate mention of alcohol abuse concerns adults generally. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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- Authors
- Krifa, I., van Zyl, L. E., Braham, A., Ben Nasr, S., & Shankland, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Sousse (TN)
- Department of Industrial Engineering & Innovation Sciences, University of Eindhoven, 5612 Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Hôpital Farhat Hached (TN)
- Université de Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Mental illness Epidemiology Research Laboratory LR12ES04, Screening and Early Management, Sousse 4000, Tunisia
- Laboratory DIPHE (Development, Individual, Personality, Handicap, Education), Department of Psychology of Development, Education and Vulnerabilities, University Lumière Lyon 2, 69676 Bron, France
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-01-27
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1413
- ISSN
- 1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8835172
- OpenAlex
- W4210392298
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15
- FWCI
- 12.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (publishedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- University of Twente Research Information (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- University of Twente Research Information (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, mental health, optimism, emotion regulation, study engagement, health professions students, university students, depression, anxiety, stress, psychological distress, mediation, protective factors, Tunisia
- MeSH terms
- Emotional Regulation, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Anxiety, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Humans, Mental Health, Pandemics
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