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Protein Intake and Sarcopenia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Abstract
Background: The present systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between protein intake and sarcopenia in older adults. Methods: Observational studies that investigated the association between protein intake and sarcopenia as the primary or secondary outcome in people aged 60 years and older were included. Studies published in languages other than English, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish were excluded. Studies were retrieved from MEDLINE, SCOPUS, EMBASE, CINAHL, AgeLine, and Food Science Source databases through January 31, 2022. A pooled effect size was calculated based on standard mean differences. Results: Five cross-sectional studies, one longitudinal study, and one case-control study that investigated 3353 community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of approximately 73 years were included. The meta-analysis of four studies indicated that older adults with sarcopenia consumed significantly less protein than their peers with no sarcopenia. Conclusions: Results of the present study suggest that an inadequate protein intake might be associated with sarcopenia in older adults.
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“Several meta-analyses reported a beneficial effect of adequate and high protein intakes in the elderly on physical performance and muscle strength [33], the prevention of sarcopenia [34] and frailty risk [19].”
From Protein Intake, Physical Performance and Body Composition in Master Athletes—A Short Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [34]
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Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis
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Self-citationSarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis
Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Baeyens, J. P., Bauer, J. M., Boirie, Y., Cederholm, T., Landi, F., Martin, F. C., Michel, J.-P., Rolland, Y., Schneider, S. M., et al. (2010) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afq034 · Cited by 11,601
Self-citationAsian Working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 Consensus Update on Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Treatment
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“SDs were calculated from confidence intervals (CIs) and standard errors (SEs), according to the following formulas: SD1 = √ N × (Upper limit − Lower limit)/3.92 (1) SD2 = SE × √ N (2) From the interquartile range, SDs were obtained according to the formulas proposed by Luo [29] and Shi [30].”
MethodInfluentialSarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis
Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Bahat, G., Bauer, J., Boirie, Y., Bruyère, O., Cederholm, T., Cooper, C., Landi, F., Rolland, Y., Sayer, A. A., et al. (2019) · Age and Ageing · doi:10.1093/ageing/afz046 · Cited by 3,803
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Self-citationGlobal prevalence of sarcopenia and severe sarcopenia: a systematic review and meta‐analysis
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Cited by
Li, M.-L., Zhang, F., Luo, H.-Y., Quan, Z.-W., Wang, Y.-F., Huang, L.-T., & Wang, J.-H. (2024) · The Journal of nutrition, health and aging · doi:10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100184 · Cited by 62
Protein Intake, Physical Performance and Body Composition in Master Athletes—A Short Scoping Review
Franzke, B., Maierhofer, R., & Putz, P. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17030498 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Coelho-Junior, H., Calvani, R., Azzolino, D., Picca, A., Tosato, M., Landi, F., Cesari, M., & Marzetti, E.
- Venue
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-07-18
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 14
- Pages
- 8718
- ISSN
- 1660-4601
- Cited by
- 149
- References
- 18
- Language
- en
- Funders
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore
- nonprofit research foundation Centro Studi Achille e Linda Lorenzon
- Ministero della Salute—Ricerca Corrente 2022
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