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Cited by 644Psychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesHealth and Well-being Studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Perceived Stress Scale: Reliability and Validity Study in Greece

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Andreou, Eleni, Alexopoulos, Evangelos C., Lionis, Christos, Varvogli, Liza, Gnardellis, Charalambos, Chrousos, George P., Darviri, Christina·2011·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
DOI 10.3390/ijerph8083287PMC PMC3166743
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Abstract

Objective: To translate the Perceived Stress Scale (versions PSS-4, -10 and -14) and to assess its psychometric properties in a sample of general Greek population. Methods: 941 individuals completed anonymously questionnaires comprising of PSS, the Depression Anxiety and Stress scale (DASS-21 version), and a list of stress-related symptoms. Psychometric properties of PSS were investigated by confirmatory factor analysis (construct validity), Cronbach’s alpha (reliability), and by investigating relations with the DASS-21 scores and the number of symptoms, across individuals’ characteristics. The two-factor structure of PSS-10 and PSS-14 was confirmed in our analysis. We found satisfactory Cronbach’s alpha values (0.82 for the full scale) for PSS-14 and PSS-10 and marginal satisfactory values for PSS-4 (0.69). PSS score exhibited high correlation coefficients with DASS-21 subscales scores, meaning stress (r = 0.64), depression (r = 0.61), and anxiety (r = 0.54). Women reported significantly more stress compared to men and divorced or widows compared to married or singled only. A strong significant (p < 0.001) positive correlation between the stress score and the number of self-reported symptoms was also noted. Conclusions: The Greek versions of the PSS-14 and PSS-10 exhibited satisfactory psychometric properties and their use for research and health care practice is warranted.

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  1. Spacapan, S, and Oskamp, S (1988). The Social Psychology of Health: Claremont Symposium on Applied Social Psychology, Sage.

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Metadata

Authors
Andreou, E., Alexopoulos, E. C., Lionis, C., Varvogli, L., Gnardellis, C., Chrousos, G. P., & Darviri, C.
Affiliations
  • National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (GR)
  • University of Crete (GR)
  • Technological Educational Institute of Western Greece (GR)
Corresponding author
Alexopoulos, Evangelos C.
ORCID
Venue
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2011-08-11
Volume
8
Issue
8
Pages
3287-3298
ISSN
1660-4601 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/ijerph8083287
PMC
PMC3166743
OpenAlex
W2133502190
Cited by
641
References
34
Citations by year
2026: 31 · 2025: 55 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 71 · 2021: 88 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 31 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
FWCI
24.25
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
Keywords
Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-14, PSS-10, psychometric properties, Greek translation, cross-cultural adaptation, construct validity, reliability statistics, DASS-21, depression, anxiety, stress, sex differences, marital status, stress symptoms
MeSH terms
Adult, Anxiety, Cities, Depression, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Greece, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychological Tests, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress, Psychological, Reproducibility of Results, Sex Distribution, Young Adult

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