Cited by 154Genetic diversity and population structureGenetic and phenotypic traits in livestockAnimal Behavior and Reproduction

Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) Markers in Conservation Biology

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Ujvari, Beata, Belov, Katherine·2011·International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Abstract

Human impacts through habitat destruction, introduction of invasive species and climate change are increasing the number of species threatened with extinction. Decreases in population size simultaneously lead to reductions in genetic diversity, ultimately reducing the ability of populations to adapt to a changing environment. In this way, loss of genetic polymorphism is linked with extinction risk. Recent advances in sequencing technologies mean that obtaining measures of genetic diversity at functionally important genes is within reach for conservation programs. A key region of the genome that should be targeted for population genetic studies is the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC). MHC genes, found in all jawed vertebrates, are the most polymorphic genes in vertebrate genomes. They play key roles in immune function via immune-recognition and -surveillance and host-parasite interaction. Therefore, measuring levels of polymorphism at these genes can provide indirect measures of the immunological fitness of populations. The MHC has also been linked with mate-choice and pregnancy outcomes and has application for improving mating success in captive breeding programs. The recent discovery that genetic diversity at MHC genes may protect against the spread of contagious cancers provides an added impetus for managing and protecting MHC diversity in wild populations. Here we review the field and focus on the successful applications of MHC-typing for conservation management. We emphasize the importance of using MHC markers when planning and executing wildlife rescue and conservation programs but stress that this should not be done to the detriment of genome-wide diversity.

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  1. [114]Glatston AR Ten years after: The history of the red panda studbook Proceedings of the 5th World Conference on Breeding Endangered Species in Captivity Dresser BL Reece RW Maruska EJ Cincinnati Zoo and Botanical Garden Cincinnati, OH, USA 9–12 10 1988 53 66
  2. [166]Browning TL Inbreeding, the MHC and infectious disease susceptibility in the Tammar wallaby, Macropus eugenii Ph.D. Thesis Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Macquarie University Sydney, Australia 2009

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Authors
Ujvari, B., & Belov, K.
Affiliations
  • Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, RMC Gunn Bldg, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
Corresponding author
Belov, Katherine
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2011-08-15
Volume
12
Issue
8
Pages
5168-5186
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2143197765
Cited by
154
References
170
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 40 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI
0.61
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Sydney
  • Australian Research Council
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic diversity and population structure
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
Keywords
major histocompatibility complex, MHC polymorphism, genetic diversity, conservation genetics, extinction risk, captive breeding, mate choice, contagious cancer, wildlife rescue, host-parasite interactions, MHC typing
MeSH terms
Animals, Breeding, Biological Evolution, Humans, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Genetic, Genetic Variation

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