Cited by 60Asthma and respiratory diseasesAllergic Rhinitis and SensitizationOccupational exposure and asthma

Asthma in the Precision Medicine Era: Biologics and Probiotics

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Chiu, Chiao-Juno, Huang, Miao-Tzu·2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Abstract

Asthma is a major global health issue. Over 300 million people worldwide suffer from this chronic inflammatory airway disease. Typical clinical symptoms of asthma are characterized by a recurrent wheezy cough, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. The main goals of asthma management are to alleviate asthma symptoms, reduce the risk of asthma exacerbations, and minimize long-term medicinal adverse effects. However, currently available type 2 T helper cells (Th2)-directed treatments are often ineffective due to the heterogeneity of the asthma subgroups, which manifests clinically with variable and poor treatment responses. Personalized precision therapy of asthma according to individualized clinical characteristics (phenotype) and laboratory biomarkers (endotype) is the future prospect. This mini review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma pathogenesis, including the hot sought-after topic of microbiota, add-on therapies and the potential application of probiotics in the management of asthma.

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Crossref · 10.3390/ijms22094528

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  • Clinical efficacy of probiotics for allergic diseases is inconsistent due to substantial interindividual variability in lifestyle, microbiome composition, health status, gender, and age.

    “Although in vitro and in vivo studies suggest potential benefits, clinical efficacy is inconsistent due to substantial interindividual variability in lifestyle, microbiome composition, health status, gender, and age [89,90,91].”

    From Current Concepts in Probiotic Safety and Efficacy (2026) · cites this paper as [90]

    Section 6.5.1 (page unavailable) reports mixed outcomes in probiotic trials for asthma prevention and control, supporting the claim of inconsistent clinical efficacy in that setting. It does not attribute those outcomes to the listed differences in lifestyle, microbiome composition, health status, gender, and age. Section 6.4 discusses possible cohort differences, but in relation to non-concordant microbiota findings rather than probiotic trial efficacy. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Authors
Chiu, C.-J., & Huang, M.-T.
Affiliations
National Taiwan University (TW)
Corresponding author
Huang, Miao-Tzu
Venue
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2021-04-26
Volume
22
Issue
9
Pages
4528
ISSN
1422-0067 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3159126992
Cited by
60
References
168
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 6
FWCI
1.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • International Journal of Molecular Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (MOST 108-2321-B-002-057-MY3 and MOST 109-2314-B-002-136-MY3)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational exposure and asthma
Keywords
asthma, precision medicine, biologics, probiotics, asthma endotypes, asthma phenotypes, type 2 inflammation, Th2 cells, gut microbiota, asthma pathogenesis, asthma exacerbations, personalized asthma therapy
MeSH terms
Asthma, Biological Products, Humans, Phenotype, Biomarkers, Th2 Cells, Probiotics, Precision Medicine, Microbiota

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