Whole-Body Cryotherapy Alters Circulating MicroRNA Profile in Postmenopausal Women
Open accessAbstract
The incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) increases with age, especially in women. The role of microRNAs (miRs) in the regulation of metabolism is postulated. The aim of the study is to identify miRs that may be markers of MetS and to assess changes in miRs expression as a result of 10 and 20 whole-body cryotherapy treatments (WBC; 3 min, −120 °C) in postmenopausal women with MetS (M-60, BMI 30.56 ± 5.38 kg/m2), compared to healthy postmenopausal (H-60, BMI 25.57 ± 2.46 kg/m2) and healthy young women (H-20, BMI 22.90 ± 3.19 kg/m2). In a fasting state, before 1 WBC and after 10 WBCs, as well as 20 WBCs, the expression of miR-15a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-197-3p, miR-223-3p, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and blood lipid profile were determined. miR-15a-5p and miR-21-5p were down-regulated in M-60, while miR-23a-3p and miR-197-3p were up-regulated, and miR-223-3p down-regulated in M-60 and H-60, compared to H-20. Significant positive correlations between up-regulated (mostly for miR-23-3p and miR-197-3p) and significant negative correlations between down-regulated (mostly for miR-15a-5p) miRs and markers of body composition as well as metabolic disorders were observed. After 20 WBCs, miR-15a-5p expression was up-regulated in all groups. In H-60, down-regulation of miR-197-3p expression occurred after 10 WBCs and 20 WBCs. Following 10 WBCs, FBG decreased in all groups, which intensified in M-60 post-20 WBCs. In our research, it has been shown that miR-23a-3p and miR-197-3p are accurate markers of MetS and MetS risk factors, while miR-15a-5p and miR-23a-3p are precise markers of body composition disorders. WBC is an effective treatment for up-regulating miR-15a-5p and lowering glucose levels in young and postmenopausal women and down-regulating miR-197-3p expression in postmenopausal women. It may be an adjunctive effective treatment method in MetS and hyperglycemia.
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miR-23-3p could potentially serve as an accurate marker for identifying metabolic syndrome and its associated risk factors.
“Therefore, it could potentially serve as an accurate marker for identifying metabolic syndrome and its associated risk factors [25].”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [25]
The Discussion reports that miR-23a-3p correlates with metabolic-syndrome measures and may be an accurate risk marker for its development. That supports its potential as a risk marker, but the paper does not establish that it accurately identifies existing metabolic syndrome. The reported findings concern postmenopausal women. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredUpregulation of miR-23-3p is associated with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.
“Furthermore, upregulation of miR-23–3p has been associated with metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [25]
There is a marked positive correlation among miR-23-3p, body composition, and indicators regarding metabolic disorders.
“There exists a marked positive correlation among miR-23–3p, body composition, and indicators regarding metabolic disorders.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [25]
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Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development
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- Authors
- Wiecek, M., Kusmierczyk, J., Szymura, J., Kreiner, G., & Szygula, Z.
- Affiliations
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
- University of Physical Culture in Kraków (PL)
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology (PL)
- Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education in Kraków, 31-571 Kraków, Poland
- Venue
- Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2023-08-12
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 5265
- ISSN
- 2077-0383 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10455963
- OpenAlex
- W4385805493
- Cited by
- 2
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Clinical Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- framework of the program of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education (022/RID/2018/19)
- University of Physical Education in Kraków (022/RID/2018/19)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- whole-body cryotherapy, microRNA expression, circulating microRNAs, metabolic syndrome, postmenopausal women, miR-15a-5p, miR-21-5p, miR-23a-3p, miR-197-3p, miR-223-3p, fasting blood glucose, lipid profile
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