The Relationship of the Atlantic Diet with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Markers of Arterial Stiffness in Adults without Cardiovascular Disease
Open accessAbstract
Background: Studying the adherence of the population to the Atlantic Diet (AD) could be simplified by an easy and quickly applied dietary index. The aim of this study is to analyse the relationship of an index measuring compliance with recommendations regarding the Atlantic diet and physical activity with cardiovascular disease risk factors, cardiovascular risk factors, obesity indexes and arterial stiffness markers. Methods: We included 791 individuals from the EVIDENT study (lifestyles and arterial ageing), (52.3 ± 12 years, 61.7% women) without cardiovascular disease. Compliance with recommendations on AD was collected through the responses to a food frequency questionnaire, while physical activity was measured by accelerometer. The number of recommendations being met was estimated using a global scale between 0 and 14 points (a higher score representing greater adherence). Blood pressure, plasma lipid and glucose values and obesity rates were measured. Cardiovascular risk was estimated with the Framingham equation. Results: In the overall sample, 184 individuals (23.3%) scored between 0–3 on the 14-point index we created, 308 (38.9%) between 4 and 5 points, and 299 (37.8%) 6 or more points. The results of multivariate analysis yield a common tendency in which the group with an adherence score of at least 6 points shows lower figures for total cholesterol (p = 0.007) and triglycerides (p = 0.002). Similarly, overall cardiovascular risk in this group is the lowest (p < 0.001), as is pulse wave velocity (p = 0.050) and the mean values of the obesity indexes studied (p < 0.05 in all cases). Conclusion: The rate of compliance with the Atlantic diet and physical activity shows that greater adherence to these recommendations is linked to lower cardiovascular risk, lower total cholesterol and triglycerides, lower rates of obesity and lower pulse wave velocity values.
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- Authors
- Rodríguez-Martín, C., Garcia-Ortiz, L., Rodriguez-Sanchez, E., Martin-Cantera, C., Soriano-Cano, A., Arietaleanizbeaskoa, M. S., Magdalena-Belio, J. F., Menendez-Suarez, M., Maderuelo-Fernandez, J. A., Lugones-Sanchez, C., Gómez-Marcos, M. A., & Recio-Rodríguez, J. I.
- Affiliations
- Red de Investigación en Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud (ES)
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Primary Health Care Research Unit, La Alamedilla Health Center. Health Service of Castilla y León (SACYL), Primary Care Prevention and Health Promotion Research Network (REDIAPP), 37003 Salamanca, Spain
- Primary Health Care Research Unit of Barcelona, Institute IDIAP Jordi Gol, 08007 Barcelona, Spain
- Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Health and Social Research Center, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
- Primary Health Care Research Unit of Bizkaia. Basque Health Service-Osakidetza, 48014 Bilbao, Spain
- Torre Ramona Health Center, Aragon Health Service, Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria IIS-Aragón, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
- Casa del Barco Health Center, Castilla and León Health Service, 47007 Valladolid, Spain
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2019-03-29
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 742
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6521051
- OpenAlex
- W2932831817
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 3.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- dx.doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Hispana (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Gredos (University of Salamanca) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Zaguan (Universidad de Zaragoza) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI13/00618, PI13/01526, PI13/00058, PI13/01635, PI13/02528, PI12/01474; RETICS: RD12/0005, RD16/0007)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- dietary adherence, cardiovascular risk factors, arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity, physical activity, obesity indices, total cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, Framingham risk score, dietary index, arterial aging
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diet, Female, Humans, Hypertension, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, Exercise, Vascular Stiffness
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