Cited by 150Gut microbiota and healthDiet, Metabolism, and DiseaseOral microbiology and periodontitis research

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High Intake of Sugar and the Balance between Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Gut Bacteria

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Satokari, Reetta·2020·Nutrients

DOI 10.3390/nu12051348PMC PMC7284805

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Abstract

The so-called Western diet is rich in saturated fat and sugars and poor in plant-derived fibers, and it is associated with an increased risk of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, as well as chronic (low grade) inflammation. The detrimental effects of poor diet are in part mediated by gut microbiota, whose composition, functionality and metabolic end products respond to dietary changes. Recent studies have shown that high intake of sugars increase the relative abundance of Proteobacteria in the gut, while simultaneously decreasing the abundance of Bacteroidetes, which can mitigate the effects of endotoxin, as well as reinforce gut barrier function. Thus, a high sugar intake may stagger the balance of microbiota to have increased pro-inflammatory properties and decreased the capacity to regulate epithelial integrity and mucosal immunity. Consequently, high dietary sugar can, through the modulation of microbiota, promote metabolic endotoxemia, systemic (low grade) inflammation and the development of metabolic dysregulation and thereby, high dietary sugar may have many-fold deleterious health effects, in addition to providing excess energy.

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Authors: Satokari, R.
Affiliations: University of Helsinki (FI)
Corresponding author: Satokari, Reetta
ORCID: Satokari, Reetta
Venue: Nutrients
Publisher: MDPI AG
Published: 2020-05-08
Volume: 12
Issue: 5
Pages: 1348
ISSN: 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.3390/nu12051348
PMC: PMC7284805
OpenAlex: W3021669209
Cited by: 150
References: 20
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 1
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: gold
dx.doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
Locations: Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
Funders: Academy of Finland
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
Keywords: dietary sugar, gut microbiota, Western diet, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, low-grade inflammation, endotoxemia, intestinal barrier, mucosal immunity, epithelial barrier integrity, metabolic dysfunction, saturated fat, plant fibers
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Dietary Sugars, Heart Disease Risk Factors, Cardiovascular Diseases, Eating, Endotoxins, Humans, Intestinal Mucosa, Metabolic Diseases, Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Endotoxemia, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes

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High Intake of Sugar and the Balance between Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Gut Bacteria

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