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Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases

Rodella, Umberto, Honisch, Claudia, Gatto, Claudio, Ruzza, Paolo, D’Amato Tóthová, Jana·2023·Nutrients
DOI 10.3390/nu15102283PMC PMC10221444
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Abstract

This review aims to discuss the delicate balance between the physiological production of reactive oxygen species and the role of antioxidant nutraceutical molecules in managing radicals in the complex anatomical structure of the eye. Many molecules and enzymes with reducing and antioxidant potential are present in different parts of the eye. Some of these, such as glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, and enzymatic antioxidants, are endogenously produced by the body. Others, such as plant-derived polyphenols and carotenoids, vitamins B2, C, and E, zinc and selenium, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, must be obtained through the diet and are considered essential nutrients. When the equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen species and their scavenging is disrupted, radical generation overwhelms the endogenous antioxidant arsenal, leading to oxidative stress-related eye disorders and aging. Therefore, the roles of antioxidants contained in dietary supplements in preventing oxidative stress-based ocular dysfunctions are also discussed. However, the results of studies investigating the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation have been mixed or inconclusive, indicating a need for future research to highlight the potential of antioxidant molecules and to develop new preventive nutritional strategies.

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Authors
Rodella, U., Honisch, C., Gatto, C., Ruzza, P., & D’Amato Tóthová, J.
Venue
Nutrients
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-05-12
Volume
15
Issue
10
Pages
2283
ISSN
2072-6643
DOI
10.3390/nu15102283
PMC
PMC10221444
Cited by
53
References
4
Language
en
Licence
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)

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