Diet, Eating Habits, and Lifestyle Factors Associated with Adequate Sleep Duration in Children and Adolescents Living in 5 Mediterranean Countries: The DELICIOUS Project
Open accessAbstract
Background/Objectives: Sleep is a fundamental physiological function that plays a crucial role in maintaining health and well-being. The aim of this study was to assess dietary and lifestyle factors associated with adequate sleep duration in children and adolescents living in five Mediterranean countries. Methods: Parents of children and adolescents taking part in an initial survey for the DELICIOUS project were examined to assess their children’s dietary and eating habits (i.e., meal routines), as well as other lifestyle behaviors (i.e., physical activity levels, screen time, etc.) potentially associated with adequate sleep duration (defined as 8–10 h according to the National Sleep Foundation). The youth healthy eating index (Y-HEI) was used to assess the diet quality of children and adolescents. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), indicating the level of association between variables. Results: A total of 2011 individuals participated in the survey. The adolescents and children of younger parents reported being more likely to have inadequate sleep duration. Among eating behaviors, having breakfast (OR = 2.23, 95% CI: 1.62, 3.08) and eating at school (OR = 1.33, 95% CI: 1.01, 1.74) were associated with adequate sleep duration. In contrast, children eating alone, screen time, and eating outside of the home were less likely to have adequate sleep duration, although these findings were only significant in the unadjusted model. After adjusting for covariates, a better diet quality (OR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.24, 2.16), including higher intake of fruits, meat, fish, and whole grains, was associated with adequate sleep duration. Conclusions: Adequate sleep duration seems to be highly influenced by factors related to individual lifestyles, family and school eating behaviors, as well as diet quality.
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Incorporating chrononutritional variables, meal timing, sleep patterns, and lifestyle behaviors provides a more accurate understanding of microbiota-mediated influences on nutritional health.
“Incorporating chrononutritional variables, meal timing, sleep patterns, and lifestyle behaviors provides a more accurate understanding of microbiota-mediated influences on nutritional health [100-103].”
From The Seven Methods for the Evaluation of Nutritional Status—ABCDEFG: Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [103]
The Discussion (page unavailable) links meal timing and frequency with sleep duration and other lifestyle factors. It does not address microbiota or show that incorporating these variables improves understanding of microbiota-mediated influences on nutritional health; searches for microbiota and the claim’s wording found no such passage. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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- Authors
- Godos, J., Rosi, A., Scazzina, F., Touriz Bonifaz, M. A., Giampieri, F., Abdelkarim, O., Ammar, A., Aly, M., Frias-Toral, E., Pons, J., Vázquez-Araújo, L., Alemany-Iturriaga, J., Monasta, L., Mata, A., Chacón, A., Busó, P., & Grosso, G.
- Affiliations
- University of Catania (IT)
- University of Parma (IT)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Católica de Santiago de Guayaquil, Av. Pdte. Carlos Julio Arosemena Tola, Guayaquil 090615, Ecuador
- Jiangsu University (CN)
- Assiut University (EG)
- University of Sfax (TN)
- Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Espíritu Santo, Samborondón 0901952, Ecuador
- Editorial Luis Vives (EDELVIVES), Carretera de Madrid, 50012 Zaragoza, Spain
- BCC Innovation, Technology Center in Gastronomy, Basque Culinary Center, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Universidad Europea del Atlántico (ES)
- IRCCS Materno Infantile Burlo Garofolo (IT)
- Aiju (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Rosi, Alice
- Grosso, Giuseppe
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2025-04-02
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1242
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11990884
- OpenAlex
- W4409108371
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 7
- FWCI
- 19.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Università Politecnica delle Marche (Università Politecnica delle Marche) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- European Union (2131)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Keywords
- sleep duration, children, adolescents, dietary habits, diet quality, breakfast, screen time, physical activity, eating alone, eating out, Mediterranean countries, parental age
- MeSH terms
- Diet, Healthy, Screen Time, Sleep Duration, Adolescent, Child, Diet, Feeding Behavior, Female, Humans, Life Style, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Sleep, Exercise
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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