Vitamin C supplementation slightly improves physical activity levels and reduces cold incidence in men with marginal vitamin C status: A randomized controlled trial
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The early indications of vitamin C deficiency are unremarkable (fatigue, malaise, depression) and may manifest as a reduced desire to be physically active; moreover, hypovitaminosis C may be associated with increased cold duration and severity. This study examined the impact of vitamin C on physical activity and respiratory tract infections during the peak of the cold season. Healthy non-smoking adult men (18-35 years; BMI < 34 kg/m2; plasma vitamin C < 45 µmol/L) received either 1000 mg of vitamin C daily (n = 15) or placebo (n = 13) in a randomized, double-blind, eight-week trial. All participants completed the Wisconsin Upper Respiratory Symptom Survey-21 daily and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire weekly. In the final two weeks of the trial, the physical activity score rose modestly for the vitamin C group vs. placebo after adjusting for baseline values: +39.6% (95% CI [-4.5,83.7]; p = 0.10). The number of participants reporting cold episodes was 7 and 11 for the vitamin C and placebo groups respectively during the eight-week trial (RR = 0.55; 95% CI [0.33,0.94]; p = 0.04) and cold duration was reduced 59% in the vitamin C versus placebo groups (-3.2 days; 95% CI [-7.0,0.6]; p = 0.06). These data suggest measurable health advantages associated with vitamin C supplementation in a population with adequate-to-low vitamin C status.
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In young males with marginal vitamin C deficiency, supplementation was shown to reduce the incidence of common cold and the duration of cold symptoms compared with placebo, accompanied by improved activity levels.
“For example, in young males with marginal vitamin C deficiency, supplementation was shown to reduce the incidence of common cold and the duration of cold symptoms compared with placebo, accompanied by improved activity levels [109].”
From Immune function and micronutrient requirements change over the life course (2018) · cites this paper as [109]
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- Authors
- Johnston, C., Barkyoumb, G., & Schumacher, S.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- Isagenix® International LLC, 2225 S. Price Rd., Chandler, AZ 85286, USA
- Cancer Treatment Centers of America (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johnston, Carol
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2014-07-09
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 2572-2583
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4113757
- OpenAlex
- W2064430668
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 4.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Arizona State University Library Digital Repository (Arizona State University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Vitamin C and Antioxidants Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Vitamin D Research Studies
- Keywords
- vitamin C supplementation, physical activity, upper respiratory tract infection, common cold, cold duration, plasma vitamin C, men
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Ascorbic Acid, Ascorbic Acid Deficiency, Common Cold, Double-Blind Method, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Nutritional Status, Surveys and Questionnaires, Wisconsin, Body Mass Index, Incidence, Dietary Supplements, Young Adult, Healthy Volunteers
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