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Sport Nutrition Knowledge, Behaviors and Beliefs of High School Soccer Players
Abstract
For adolescent athletes (14–18 years), data on sport nutrition knowledge, behaviors and beliefs are limited, especially based on sex, race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status. High school soccer players (n = 535; 55% female; 51% White, 41% Latino; 41% National School Lunch Program (NSLP) participants (80% Latino)) completed two questionnaires (demographic/health history and sport nutrition). The sport nutrition knowledge score was 45.6% with higher scores in NSLP-Whites vs. NSLP-Latinos (p < 0.01). Supplement knowledge differed by sex (16% lower in females; p = 0.047) and race/ethnicity (33% lower in Latinos; p < 0.001). Breakfast consumption was 57%; females ate breakfast less (50%) than males (60%; p < 0.001); NSLP-participants ate breakfast less (47%) than non-NSLP (62%; p < 0.001). Supplement use was 46%, with Latinos using more supplements than Whites do (p = 0.016). Overall, 30% used protein shakes, with females using less than males (p = 0.02), while use was twice as likely in Latino vs. White (p = 0.03). Overall, 45% reported their nutrient requirements were different from non-athlete peers. Latinos were less likely (p = 0.03) to report that their diet met nutritional requirements, but more than twice as likely to report that nutritional supplements were necessary for training (p < 0.001). Adolescent athletes, especially females and Latinos, would benefit from sport nutrition education that enhances food selection skills for health and sport performance.
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“Given that optimal weight control and nutrient intake are crucial for enhancing athletic performance, there has been limited exploration of nutrition counseling techniques specifically tailored for adolescent athletes [12].”
From 5A's Behavior Change Model Improves Nutrition Knowledge and Intake Among Adolescent Athletes (2024) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“The persistence of these knowledge gaps, despite repeated calls in the literature for professional support and education [36,56,59,65,73], may reflect limited resources, reliance on short-term education sessions, insufficient integration of behaviour change strategies and inadequate attention to the social and environmental contexts in which youth athletes make dietary choices.”
From Dietary intake, nutrition knowledge, and behavior in youth team sport athletes: a scoping review and call to advance research and practice (2026) · cites this paper as [59]
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“Two studies(31,41) reported using a previously validated questionnaire, but when cross-checked with the cited article(57) from which the questionnaire was used, it was found that the tool had not been validated, and the lack of reliability and validity testing was declared as a limitation of the study.”
From Adolescent athletes have better general than sports nutrition knowledge and lack awareness of supplement recommendations: a systematic literature review (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
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“The results showed a range of mean % correct scores from 45·6 %(41) to 68·3 %(31).”
From Adolescent athletes have better general than sports nutrition knowledge and lack awareness of supplement recommendations: a systematic literature review (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
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“Manore et al.(41) reported that the questionnaire contained twelve questions that may have been an unreported deviation from the original questionnaire or related to counting sub-questions differently than the original author.”
From Adolescent athletes have better general than sports nutrition knowledge and lack awareness of supplement recommendations: a systematic literature review (2024) · cites this paper as [41]
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IOC consensus statement on relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S): 2018 update
Mountjoy, M., Sundgot-Borgen, J. K., Burke, L. M., Ackerman, K. E., Blauwet, C., Constantini, N., Lebrun, C., Lundy, B., Melin, A. K., Meyer, N. L., et al. (2018) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-099193 · Cited by 883
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Collins, J., Maughan, R. J., Gleeson, M., Bilsborough, J., Jeukendrup, A., Morton, J. P., Phillips, S. M., Armstrong, L., Burke, L. M., Close, G. L., et al. (2021) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2019-101961 · Cited by 303
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Nutrition Knowledge and Perceived Dietary Requirements of Adolescent Student-Athletes: A Pilot Study
Jagim, A. R., Merfeld, B. R., Ambrosius, A., Carpenter, M., Fields, J. B., & Jones, M. T. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17010133 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Manore, M., Patton-Lopez, M., Meng, Y., & Wong, S.
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017-04-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 350
- ISSN
- 2072-6643
- Cited by
- 89
- References
- 7
- Language
- en
- Funders
- USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA) Agriculture and Food Research Initiative (AFRI) (2013-67001-20418.)
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