The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 51 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Effect of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Immune Response to Influenza Vaccination in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Open accessAbstract
We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of probiotics and prebiotics on the immune response to influenza vaccination in adults. We conducted a literature search of Pubmed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), Airiti Library, and PerioPath Index to Taiwan Periodical Literature in Taiwan. Databases were searched from inception to July 2017. We used the Cochrane Review risk of bias assessment tool to assess randomized controlled trial (RCT) quality. A total of 20 RCTs comprising 1979 adults were included in our systematic review. Nine RCTs including 623 participants had sufficient data to be pooled in a meta-analysis. Participants who took probiotics or prebiotics showed significant improvements in the H1N1 strain seroprotection rate (with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.83 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) of 1.19–2.82, p = 0.006, I2 = 0%), the H3N2 strain seroprotection rate (OR = 2.85, 95% CI = 1.59–5.10, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%), and the B strain seroconversion rate (OR = 2.11, 95% CI = 1.38–3.21, p < 0.001, I2 = 0%). This meta-analysis suggested that probiotics and prebiotics are effective in elevating immunogenicity by influencing seroconversion and seroprotection rates in adults inoculated with influenza vaccines.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Also, in a meta-analysis study, researchers reported that, in adults who received a vaccine to protect against influenza viruses, the administration of probiotics was effective [181].”
From The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties (2024) · cites this paper as [181]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
Egger, M., Smith, G. D., Schneider, M., & Minder, C. (1997) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629 · Cited by 56,722
Meta-analysis in clinical trials
DerSimonian, R., & Laird, N. (1986) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(86)90046-2 · Cited by 39,552
Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta‐analysis
Higgins, J. P. T., & Thompson, S. G. (2002) · Statistics in Medicine · doi:10.1002/sim.1186 · Cited by 36,763
Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gøtzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000100 · Cited by 28,164
Liberati, A., Altman, D. G., Tetzlaff, J., Mulrow, C., Gotzsche, P. C., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Clarke, M., Devereaux, P. J., Kleijnen, J., & Moher, D. (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2700 · Cited by 17,648
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1. The Cochrane Collaboration
Higgins, J., Green, S. R., & Higgins, J. (2008) · Cited by 5,544
Hobson, D., Curry, R. L., Beare, A. S., & Ward-Gardner, A. (1972) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0022172400022610 · Cited by 1,003
Use of the Inactivated Intranasal Influenza Vaccine and the Risk of Bell's Palsy in Switzerland
Mütsch, M., Zhou, W., Rhodes, P., Bopp, M., Chen, R. T., Linder, T. E., Spyr, C., & Steffen, R. P. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa030595 · Cited by 925
Mechanisms of probiotic actions – A review
Oelschlaeger, T. A. (2009) · International Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2009.08.005 · Cited by 720
Aging of the innate immune system
Shaw, A. C., Joshi, S., Greenwood, H., Panda, A., & Lord, J. M. (2010) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2010.05.003 · Cited by 647
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 51 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Nutrition, immunity and COVID-19
Calder, P. C. (2020) · BMJ Nutrition Prevention & Health · doi:10.1136/bmjnph-2020-000085 · Cited by 612
Wiertsema, S. P., van Bergenhenegouwen, J., Garssen, J., & Knippels, L. M. J. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13030886 · Cited by 590
The Potential Impact of Probiotics on Human Health: An Update on Their Health-Promoting Properties
Maftei, N.-M., Raileanu, C. R., Balta, A. A., Ambrose, L., Boev, M., Marin, D. B., & Lisa, E. L. (2024) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms12020234 · Cited by 381
The Gut Microbiota and Unhealthy Aging: Disentangling Cause from Consequence
DeJong, E. N., Surette, M. G., & Bowdish, D. M. E. (2020) · Cell Host & Microbe · doi:10.1016/j.chom.2020.07.013 · Cited by 370
Probiotics in Medicine: A Long Debate
Stavropoulou, E., & Bezirtzoglou, E. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.02192 · Cited by 312
Metadata
- Authors
- Lei, W.-T., Shih, P.-C., Liu, S.-J., Lin, C.-Y., & Yeh, T.-L.
- Affiliations
- Mackay Memorial Hospital (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Yeh, Tzu-Lin
- Venue
- Nutrients
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2017-10-27
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1175
- ISSN
- 2072-6643 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5707647
- OpenAlex
- W2765429016
- Cited by
- 134
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 0.92
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Nutrients (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Mackay Memorial Hospital
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Microbial Metabolites in Food Biotechnology
- Keywords
- probiotics, prebiotics, influenza vaccination, vaccine immunogenicity, seroprotection rate, seroconversion, H1N1, H3N2, adults, gut microbiota
- MeSH terms
- Seroconversion, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Immunity, Influenza, Human, Influenza Vaccines, Male, Influenza B virus, Vaccination, Probiotics, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype, Prebiotics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
