Aging of the innate immune system
Open accessAbstract
The innate immune system is composed of a network of cells including neutrophils, NK and NKT cells, monocytes/macrophages, and dendritic cells that mediate the earliest interactions with pathogens. Age-associated defects are observed in the activation of all of these cell types, linked to compromised signal transduction pathways including the Toll-like Receptors. However, aging is also characterized by a constitutive pro-inflammatory environment (inflamm-aging) with persistent low-grade innate immune activation that may augment tissue damage caused by infections in elderly individuals. Thus, immunosenescence in the innate immune system appears to reflect dysregulation, rather than exclusively impaired function.
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There are age-related changes in the innate immune system, although they tend to be less striking than changes in adaptive immunity; the aged innate immune system is more likely to show loss of proper regulation than loss of function.
“There are also age-related changes in the innate immune system, although they tend to be less striking than the changes in adaptive immunity; moreover, the aged innate immune system is more likely to show a loss of proper regulation than a loss of function (142, 143).”
From Aging, Cellular Senescence, and Cancer (2013) · cites this paper as [142]
The Abstract states that age-related innate immunosenescence appears to reflect dysregulation rather than exclusively impaired function, and the Introduction describes both diminished responses and hyper-reactivity. Neither passage establishes the claim that age-related innate changes are less striking than changes in adaptive immunity. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe reduced robustness of myeloid-biased stem cells could explain age-related deficiencies in mature myeloid cells such as neutrophils and macrophages.
“which in turn could underlie the numerous age-related deficiencies observed in mature myeloid cells such as neutrophils and macrophages (25,26).”
From Causes, consequences, and reversal of immune system aging (2013) · cites this paper as [26]
Aging-associated disruptions of PCD regulation and phagocytosis may contribute to aging-associated inflammation, including activation of the NFκB signaling pathway.
“Aging-associated disruptions of PCD regulation and phagocytosis may contribute to aging-associated inflammation, including activation of the NFκB signaling pathway (Gupta et al., 2006; Salvioli et al., 2013), (Shaw et al., 2010).”
From Programmed cell death in aging (2015) · cites this paper as Shaw et al., 2010
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- Authors
- Shaw, A. C., Joshi, S., Greenwood, H., Panda, A., & Lord, J. M.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Shaw, Albert C
- Lord, Janet M
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Immunology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-08
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 507-513
- ISSN
- 0952-7915 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4034446
- OpenAlex
- W1999298001
- Cited by
- 647
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 34 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 47 · 2021: 58 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 38 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 39 · 2014: 52 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 44
- FWCI
- 3.08
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01ai50031-6-0-1)
- U.S. Public Health Service (N0150031)
- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
- National Institute on Aging (AG019134, T32AG019134)
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (N01 AI050031, U19AI089992)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- immunosenescence, innate immunity, aging, inflammaging, Toll-like receptors, neutrophils, natural killer cells, NKT cells, monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, signal transduction, low-grade inflammation
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Immune System, Immunity, Innate, Cellular Senescence
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