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Cited by 277Advanced Drug Delivery SystemsNanoparticle-Based Drug DeliveryInhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery

Poly(Lactic Acid)-Based Microparticles for Drug Delivery Applications: An Overview of Recent Advances

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Vlachopoulos, Antonios, Karlioti, Georgia, Balla, Evangelia, Daniilidis, Vasileios, Kalamas, Theocharis, Stefanidou, Myrika, Bikiaris, Nikolaos D., Christodoulou, Evi +3 more·2022·Pharmaceutics
DOI 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020359PMC PMC8877458
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Abstract

The sustained release of pharmaceutical substances remains the most convenient way of drug delivery. Hence, a great variety of reports can be traced in the open literature associated with drug delivery systems (DDS). Specifically, the use of microparticle systems has received special attention during the past two decades. Polymeric microparticles (MPs) are acknowledged as very prevalent carriers toward an enhanced bio-distribution and bioavailability of both hydrophilic and lipophilic drug substances. Poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), and their copolymers are among the most frequently used biodegradable polymers for encapsulated drugs. This review describes the current state-of-the-art research in the study of poly(lactic acid)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles and PLA-copolymers with other aliphatic acids as drug delivery devices for increasing the efficiency of drug delivery, enhancing the release profile, and drug targeting of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Potential advances in generics and the constant discovery of therapeutic peptides will hopefully promote the success of microsphere technology.

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  • PLGA's adjustable degradation profile is controlled by the ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid.

    “One of the key advantages of PLGA is its adjustable degradation profile, which is controlled by the ratio of lactic acid (LA) to glycolic acid (GA) [226].”

    From Biomaterials in Postoperative Adhesion Barriers and Uterine Tissue Engineering (2025) · cites this paper as [226]

  • A 50:50 LA:GA ratio results in a faster-degrading, more amorphous structure suitable for short-term barrier applications, while a higher lactic acid content (e.g., 85:15 LA:GA) increases crystallinity and hydrophobicity, leading to slower degradation and prolonged tissue separation.

    “A 50:50 ratio results in a faster-degrading, more amorphous structure, suitable for short-term barrier applications, while a higher lactic acid content (e.g., 85:15 LA:GA) increases crystallinity and hydrophobicity, leading to slower degradation and prolonged tissue separation [226,227,228].”

    From Biomaterials in Postoperative Adhesion Barriers and Uterine Tissue Engineering (2025) · cites this paper as [226]

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Cited by

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Authors
Vlachopoulos, A., Karlioti, G., Balla, E., Daniilidis, V., Kalamas, T., Stefanidou, M., Bikiaris, N. D., Christodoulou, E., Koumentakou, I., Karavas, E., & Bikiaris, D. N.
Affiliations
  • Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (GR)
  • Pharmathen (Greece) (GR)
  • Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
Corresponding author
Karavas, Evangelos
ORCID
Venue
Pharmaceutics
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2022-02-04
Volume
14
Issue
2
Pages
359
ISSN
1999-4923 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/pharmaceutics14020359
PMC
PMC8877458
OpenAlex
W4212996808
Cited by
277
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 61 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 44 · 2022: 26
FWCI
4.66
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Pharmaceutics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics › Pharmaceutical Science › Advanced Drug Delivery Systems
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Biomaterials › Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
Keywords
polylactic acid, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), polymeric microparticles, sustained drug release, biodegradable polymers, drug delivery systems, targeted drug delivery, release profile, microspheres, peptide therapeutics, generic drugs

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