The role of advanced sensing in smart cities
Open accessAbstract
In a world where resources are scarce and urban areas consume the vast majority of these resources, it is vital to make cities greener and more sustainable. Advanced systems to improve and automate processes within a city will play a leading role in smart cities. From smart design of buildings, which capture rain water for later use, to intelligent control systems, which can monitor infrastructures autonomously, the possible improvements enabled by sensing technologies are immense. Ubiquitous sensing poses numerous challenges, which are of a technological or social nature. This paper presents an overview of the state of the art with regards to sensing in smart cities. Topics include sensing applications in smart cities, sensing platforms and technical challenges associated with these technologies. In an effort to provide a holistic view of how sensing technologies play a role in smart cities, a range of applications and technical challenges associated with these applications are discussed. As some of these applications and technologies belong to different disciplines, the material presented in this paper attempts to bridge these to provide a broad overview, which can be of help to researchers and developers in understanding how advanced sensing can play a role in smart cities.
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Sensors are crucial for intelligent systems like smart cities and are well covered by the OGC Sensor Web Enablement.
“Sensors are crucial for intelligent systems like smart cities [110,111] and are well covered by the OGC Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) [112].”
From Opening up Smart Cities: Citizen-Centric Challenges and Opportunities from GIScience (2016) · cites this paper as [111]
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- Authors
- Hancke, G., Silva, B., & Hancke, Jr.
- Affiliations
- Royal Holloway University of London (GB)
- University of Pretoria (ZA)
- Advanced Sensor Networks Research Group, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2012-12-27
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 393-425
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3574682
- OpenAlex
- W2008705190
- Cited by
- 626
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 28 · 2024: 45 · 2023: 49 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 50 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 81 · 2018: 62 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 54 · 2015: 44 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 47.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- UpSpace Institutional Repository (University of Pretoria) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Research Foundation
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Media Technology › Smart Cities and Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Wireless Sensor Networks and IoT
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Technology and Security Systems
- Keywords
- smart cities, ubiquitous sensing, sensor platforms, smart buildings, rainwater harvesting, urban sustainability
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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