Emergency braking evoked brain activities during distracted driving
Open accessAbstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) was used to analyze the mechanisms and differences in brain neural activity of drivers in visual, auditory, and cognitive distracted vs. normal driving emergency braking conditions. A pedestrian intrusion emergency braking stimulus module and three distraction subtasks were designed in a simulated experiment, and 30 subjects participated in the study. The common activated brain regions during emergency braking in different distracted driving states included the inferior temporal gyrus, associated with visual information processing and attention; the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, related to cognitive decision-making; and the postcentral gyrus, supplementary motor area, and paracentral lobule associated with motor control and coordination. When performing emergency braking under different driving distraction states, the brain regions were activated in accordance with the need to process the specific distraction task. Furthermore, the extent and degree of activation of cognitive function-related prefrontal regions increased accordingly with the increasing task complexity. All distractions caused a lag in emergency braking reaction time, with 107.22, 67.15, and 126.38 ms for visual, auditory, and cognitive distractions, respectively. Auditory distraction had the least effect and cognitive distraction the greatest effect on the lag.
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The right middle frontal gyrus acts as a key hub for attention allocation and motor control, and its connectivity with the calcarine gyrus plays a crucial role in conscious visual perception.
“The right middle frontal gyrus acts as a key hub for attention allocation and motor control,[29] and its connectivity with the calcarine gyrus plays a crucial role in conscious visual perception.[30]”
From Brain Rewires to Stabilize Walking During Visual Impairment · cites this paper as [29]
The Discussion (§4.2; page not provided) describes the right middle frontal gyrus as a convergence point for attention networks involved in redirecting attention. It associates motor control and coordination with other regions, not the right middle frontal gyrus. The calcarine-gyrus clause carries a separate citation [30] and is not assessed against this source. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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“[27,28] The right middle frontal gyrus acts as a key hub for attention allocation and motor control, [29] and its connectivity with the calcarine gyrus plays a crucial role in conscious visual perception.”
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- Authors
- Shi, C., Yan, L., Zhang, J., Cheng, Y., Peng, F., & Yan, F.
- Affiliations
- Wuhan University of Technology (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Yan, Lirong
- Venue
- Sensors
- Publisher
- MDPI AG
- Published
- 2022-12-06
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 9564
- ISSN
- 1424-8220 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC9736420
- OpenAlex
- W4311672116
- Cited by
- 4
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Sensors (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Natural Science Foundation of China (61876137, XHD2020-003, S202102GG001, IRT_17R83)
- Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory (61876137, XHD2020-003, S202102GG001, IRT_17R83)
- Science and Technology Planning Project of Third Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (61876137, XHD2020-003, S202102GG001, IRT_17R83)
- Innovative Research Team Development Program of the Ministry of Education of China (61876137, XHD2020-003, S202102GG001, IRT_17R83)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Human-Automation Interaction and Safety
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality › Traffic and Road Safety
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- emergency braking, driver distraction, brain activity, EEG, visual distraction, auditory distraction, cognitive distraction, brake reaction time, inferior temporal gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, supplementary motor area, task complexity, driving simulation
- MeSH terms
- Distracted Driving, Attention, Automobile Driving, Brain, Humans, Reaction Time
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