CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 7Children's Rights and ParticipationParticipatory Visual Research MethodsBullying, Victimization, and Aggression

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 63 of the 64 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Exploring School Bullying: Designing the Research Question with Young Co-Researchers

Open access
O’Brien, Niamh, Doyle, Audrey·2023·Social Sciences
DOI 10.3390/socsci12050276
Open this paper in CoChat — free accountOpen PDF

Abstract

Participatory Action Research (PAR) empowers young people to work alongside adult researchers to determine the purpose/scope of research projects. By naming the purpose of the research, young people have the potential to transform it. Beginning with a broad question, we worked in collaboration with secondary school students (co-researchers) and staff to decide on the focal research question. Prior to recruiting the co-researchers, we conducted an ‘exploration study’ using a qualitative online questionnaire distributed to the wider school population, to ascertain the core bullying issues. Although the questionnaire highlighted complexities in recognising bullying, misogynistic behaviour was stressed as a particular concern. In-depth discussions with the co-researchers and reflections on the questionnaire findings over several months gave us further insight into this issue, as well as the complexities of determining bullying/banter. Our research question was determined as: “Does gender bullying happen at this school?” Two distinct methodological and process-related insights arose from this work: power dynamics and the construct of time as duration and a non-linear process. This paper contributes to the literature on hearing stakeholder views as well as on actively including students in designing and developing research foundations, that is the research question, an under-explored topic in the wider literature.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.3390/socsci12050276

Cites

63 of 63 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 7

  1. Bryman, Alan (2004). Social Research Methods, Oxford University Press. [2nd ed.].
  2. Deleuze, Gilles, and Guattari, Felix (1987). A Thousand Plateaus, University of Minnesota Press.
  3. Koch, Tina, and Kralik, Debbie (2009). Participatory Action Research in Health Care, John Wiley & Sons.
  4. Mason, Jennifer (2002). Qualitative Researching, Sage Publications. [2nd ed.].
  5. McNiff, Jean, and Whitehead, Jack (2011). All You Need to Know about Action Research, SAGE Publications. [2nd ed.].
  6. O’Brien, Niamh (2016). To ‘Snitch’ or Not to ‘Snitch’? Using PAR to Explore Bullying in a Private Day and Boarding School. [Unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Anglia Ruskin University]. Available online: http://arro.anglia.ac.uk/700970/.
  7. O’Brien, Niamh, and Doyle, Audrey (, January January). Exploring School Bullying: Designing the Research Question with Young co-Researchers. Paper presented at the 7th World Conference on Qualitative Research, Faro, Portugal.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

See all 7

Related

See all

Metadata

Authors
O’Brien, N., & Doyle, A.
Affiliations
  • Anglia Ruskin University (GB)
  • Dublin City University (IE)
Corresponding author
O’Brien, Niamh
ORCID
Venue
Social Sciences
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2023-05-04
Volume
12
Issue
5
Pages
276
ISSN
2076-0760 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/socsci12050276
OpenAlex
W4381943124
Cited by
5
References
64
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1
FWCI
2.15
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Social Sciences (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Dublin City University Open Access Institutional Repository (Dublin City University) (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
The Kings Hospital (N/A)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Children's Rights and Participation
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Participatory Visual Research Methods
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Keywords
school bullying, participatory action research, co-researchers, research question formulation, power relations, misogyny, banter, high school students, stakeholder perspectives

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review