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Cited by 207Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants StudiesConservation, Biodiversity, and Resource ManagementForest Ecology and Conservation

Asian Medicinal Plants’ Production and Utilization Potentials: A Review

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Astutik, Sri, Pretzsch, Jürgen, Ndzifon Kimengsi, Jude·2019·Sustainability
DOI 10.3390/su11195483
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Abstract

Medicinal plants research in Asia continues to receive significant national and international attention, particularly concerning its multiple roles in poverty alleviation and health care support. However, scientific information on the institutional arrangements, the potentials of different medicinal plants production systems, and the utilization methods, remain highly fragmented. This incomprehensive information base shades the development of a comprehensive research agenda to improve the current body of knowledge, at least in the context of Asia. To address this impasse and propose future research perspectives, we systematically reviewed 247 journal articles, 15 institutional reports, and 28 book chapters. From the reviews, five key lessons are drawn: (i) Asian medicinal plant production systems demonstrate some dynamics, characterized by a gradual but continuous shift from wild gathering to cultivation, (ii) sub-regional variations exist with regards to the appreciation of medicinal plants potentials for traditional healing, modern healthcare, and livelihoods support, (iii) knowledge on the effect of multi-scale institutional arrangements (formal and informal) on medicinal plant management practices is fragmented, (iv) very few studies dwell on the challenges of medicinal plants commercialization, particularly with regards to the role of middlemen, boom–bust cycle, raw material readiness, and product quality, and (v) law enforcement, benefit and knowledge sharing, and research and development should be prioritized to serve the interest of medicinal plants production actors. To further extend the body of knowledge on medicinal plants in Asia, we advance the need for empirical investigations on the performance of medicinal plants production systems and their contribution to livelihoods in diverse institutional contexts.

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  • The Ayurvedic and Siddha TSMs were codified more than 3,000 years ago and represent the codification and institutionalisation of practices communities had been testing, designing, and using for thousands of years before that, passing the information down through oral tradition just like folk medicine.

    “Even though the Ayurvedic and Siddha TSMs were codified more than 3,000 years ago, they represent the codification, and thus institutionalisation, of practices communities had been testing, designing, and using for thousands of years before that, passing the information down through oral tradition just like folk medicine (Shukla & Gardner 2006, Astutik et al. 2019).”

    From An introduction to radical participatory design: decolonising participatory design processes (2022) · cites this paper as Astutik et al. 2019

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  • More than seventy percent of the population in the developing world and more than eighty percent of the population of South Asia use medicinal plants for maintaining and improving health.

    “With 'more than seventy percent of the population in the developing world' and 'more than eighty percent of the population of South Asia' using medicinal plants for maintaining and improving health, India is an example of a country that has a widely used folk system of medicinal knowledge (Shukla & Gardner 2006;Astutik, Pretzsch & Ndzifon Kimengsi 2019).”

    From An introduction to radical participatory design: decolonising participatory design processes (2022) · cites this paper as Astutik, Pretzsch & Ndzifon Kimengsi 2019

    The Introduction states that at least 70% of people in the developing world rely on traditional medicine for primary health care, which is close to—but not the same as—more than 70% using medicinal plants. Section 3.3.2 (Scale of Usage) says most people in South Asia rely on medicinal plants, but gives no figure supporting more than 80%. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)

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  • To respond to the challenge of the use and conservation of medicinal plants, Indian communities developed three designs: traditional systems of medicine (TSMs), folk medicine, and the expert approach to medicinal plant knowledge management.

    “To respond to the challenge of the use and conservation of medicinal plants, a natural resource, Indian communities developed three designs.Communities developed traditional systems of medicine (TSMs) that codified medical plant knowledge in texts or ancient scriptures (Ayurvedic, Siddha, etc.).Communities also developed folk medicine in which knowledge is learned by doing and passed down through”

    From An introduction to radical participatory design: decolonising participatory design processes (2022) · cites this paper as Astutik et al. 2019

    The Introduction (page not provided) identifies Ayurveda as a traditional medicinal practice, and §3.1.2 mentions learning by doing as a way medicinal-plant knowledge is transmitted. But the paper does not present these as two of three designs developed by Indian communities to address use and conservation, or identify an expert approach as the third. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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7 of the 272 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. Munasinghe, M. Making Development More Sustainable: Sustainomics Framework and Practical Applications; MIND Press: Colombo, Sri Lanka, 2010; ISBN 978-955-0317-00-4.
  2. Zuhud, E.A. The Indonesian tropical forest as buffer of natural medicine product for national healthy. J. Bahan Alam Indones. 2009, 6, 227-232.
  3. Rashid, A.Z.M.; Manzoor, H.; Tunon, N.A.; Khan, S.A.M. Commercial cultivation by farmers of medicinal plants. Eur. J. Environ. Sci. 2014, 4, 60-68.
  4. WHO. World Health Organization: National Policy on Traditional Medicine and Regulation of Herbal Medicines-Report of a WHO Global Survey; WHO Press: Geneva, Switzerland, 2005.
  5. Jharkhand J. Dev. Manag. Stud. XISS Ranchi 2016, 14, 6885-6901. 287.
  6. Tyrell, K. Botanical Gardens in Asia. Available online: http://www.botanicalartandartists.com/botanical- gardens-in-asia.html (accessed on 17 March 2017). 298. Waylen, K. Botanic gardens: Using biodiversity to improve human wellbeing. Med. Plant Conserv. 2006, 12, 4-7.

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Authors
Astutik, S., Pretzsch, J., & Ndzifon Kimengsi, J.
Affiliations
  • Indonesian Institute of Sciences (ID)
  • Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
  • Institute of International Forestry and Forest Products, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Technische Universität Dresden, 01735 Tharandt, Germany
Corresponding author
Astutik, Sri
ORCID
Venue
Sustainability
Publisher
MDPI AG
Published
2019-10-03
Volume
11
Issue
19
Pages
5483
ISSN
2071-1050 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.3390/su11195483
OpenAlex
W2977853263
Cited by
207
References
272
Citations by year
2026: 29 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 43 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 2 · 2012: 1
FWCI
10.69
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Sustainability (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
Kementerian Riset Teknologi Dan Pendidikan Tinggi Republik Indonesia (8245-ID)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Ethnobotanical and Medicinal Plants Studies
  • Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Forestry › Forest Ecology and Conservation
Keywords
medicinal plants, cultivation, traditional healing, intermediaries, boom-bust cycles, raw material quality, institutional arrangements, livelihoods, poverty reduction, Asia

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